scholarly journals Cholera with severe renal failure in an Italian tourist returning from Cuba, July 2013

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (35) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mascarello ◽  
M L Deiana ◽  
C Maurel ◽  
C Lucarelli ◽  
I Luzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Severe Renal Failure ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1

In July 2013, an Italian tourist returning from Cuba was hospitalised in Trieste, Italy, for cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae O1 serotype Ogawa with severe renal failure. An outbreak of cholera was reported in Cuba in January 2013. Physicians should consider the diagnosis of cholera in travellers returning from Cuba presenting with acute watery diarrhoea.

scholarly journals Imported cholera with acute renal failure after a short business-trip to the Philippines, Germany, October 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Günther Slesak ◽  
Ralf Fleck ◽  
Daniela Jacob ◽  
Roland Grunow ◽  
Johannes Schäfer
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Severe Hypotension ◽  
Endemic Cholera ◽  
Business Trip

A German businessman developed acute watery diarrhoea after a three-day trip to the Philippines. He was admitted with severe hypotension and acute renal failure, but recovered with rapid rehydration. Vibrio cholerae O1 serotype Ogawa was isolated. Physicians need to be aware of endemic cholera in Asia including the Philippines and consider this in their pre-travel advice.

scholarly journals Elucidating the correlation between the number of TTTTGAT heptamer repeats and cholera toxin promoter activity in Vibrio cholerae O1 pandemic strains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arindam Naha ◽  
Jeffrey H Withey ◽  
Piyali Mukherjee ◽  
Rudra Narayan Saha ◽  
Prosenjit Samanta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholera Toxin ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Promoter Activity ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Transcriptional Activators ◽  
Regulatory Cascade ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1 ◽  
Pandemic Strains ◽  
Heptad Repeats

A complex regulatory cascade controls expression of the cholera toxin genes (ctxAB) in Vibrio cholerae; which eventually leads to choleragen (CT) production and secretion, resulting in rice watery diarrhoea. The cholera toxin promoter (PctxAB) contains a series of heptad repeats (5′-TTTTGAT-3′); which have been previously shown to play crucial role in ctxAB transcriptional regulation by recruiting the transcriptional activators ToxT, ToxR, and the nucleoid-associated protein H-NS along the ctx promoter. The numbers of these repeats vary between the two biotypes of V. cholerae O1 strains, and even among strains of the same biotype. In this study, we examined PctxAB activation of V. cholerae O1 pandemic strains to understand the significance of the distal heptad repeats in regulating ctx expression. Interestingly, we found that ctx activation may depend on the number of TTTTGAT heptad repeats within PctxAB, and we posit that the occupation of the distal repeats by H-NS could further prevent transcriptional activation of ctx genes in V. cholerae. We hypothesize that ToxT-dependent transcriptional activation may not require entire displacement of H-NS and propose a revision in the currently accepted model of ToxT dependent PctxAB transcriptional activation.

Platelet Function and the Bleeding Time in Progressive Renal Failure

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (01) ◽  
pp. 083-087 ◽  
Author(s):  
M P Gordge ◽  
R W Faint ◽  
P B Rylance ◽  
G H Neild
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Severe Renal Failure ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Thromboxane Production ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

SummaryBleeding time and platelet function tests were performed on 31 patients with progressive chronic renal failure (CRF) due to non-immunological (urological) causes, and compared with 22 healthy controls. Patients were classified as mild (plasma creatinine <300 μmol/l), moderate (300-600 μmol/l) or severe renal failure (>600 μmol/l). Bleeding time was rarely prolonged in mild and moderate CRF and mean bleeding time significantly elevated only in severe CRF (p <0.005). Haematocrit was the only index which correlated with bleeding time (r = -0.40). Platelet counts, collagen stimulated thromboxane generation, and platelet aggregation responses to ADP, collagen and ristocetin were all either normal or increased in all three CRF groups, but thromboxane production in clotting blood was reduced. Plasma fibrinogen, C reactive protein and von Willebrand factor (vWF) were elevated in proportion to CRF. We found no evidence that defects in platelet aggregation or platelet interaction with vWF prolong the bleeding time in patients with progressive CRF.

In vivo Production of Soluble Inorganic Pyrophosphatases in Two Strains of Vibrio cholerae

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Taslima Taher Lina ◽  
Mohammad Ilias
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Environmental Strain ◽  
Cell Extracts ◽  
Atcc Strain ◽  
The Family ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1

The in vivo production of soluble inorganic pyrophosphatases (PPases) was investigated in two strains, namely, Vibrio cholerae EM 004 (environmental strain) and Vibrio cholerae O1 757 (ATCC strain). V. cholerae is known to contain both family I and family II PPase coding sequences. The production of family I and family II PPases were determined by measuring the enzyme activity in cell extracts. The effects of pH, temperature, salinity of the growth medium on the production of soluble PPases were studied. In case of family I PPase, V. cholerae EM 004 gave the highest specific activity at pH 9.0, with 2% NaCl + 0.011% NaF and at 37°C. The strain V. cholerae O1 757 gave the highest specific activity at pH 9.0, with media containing 0% NaCl and at 37°C. On the other hand, under all the conditions family II PPase did not give any significant specific activity, suggesting that the family II PPase was not produced in vivo in either strains of V. cholerae under different experimental conditions. Keywords: Vibrio cholerae, Pyrophosphatases (PPases), Specific activityDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i1.1235 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 1, June 2007, pp 38-41

Вариабельность генома островов патогенности нетоксигенных штаммов Vibrio cholerae O1 биовара Эль Тор

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1018-1033
Author(s):  
Н. И. Смирнова ◽  
А. А. Крицкий ◽  
Ж. В. Альхова ◽  
Е. Ю. Агафонова ◽  
Е. Ю. Щелканова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1

Genomic Variability of Pathogenicity Islands in Nontoxigenic Strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 Biotype El Tor

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1055-1069
Author(s):  
N. I. Smirnova ◽  
A. A. Kritsky ◽  
J. V. Alkhova ◽  
E. Yu. Agafonova ◽  
E. Yu. Shchelkanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Genomic Variability ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1 ◽  
El Tor

scholarly journals Neonatal Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in the Eculizumab Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. e95-e98
Author(s):  
Sara Madureira Gomes ◽  
Rita Pissarra Teixeira ◽  
Gustavo Rocha ◽  
Paulo Soares ◽  
Hercilia Guimaraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Severe Renal Failure ◽  
Emergency Cesarean ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

AbstractThe atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) in the newborn is a rare disease, with high morbidity. Eculizumab, considered a first-line drug in older children, is not approved in neonates and in children weighing less than 5 kg. We present a 5-day-old female newborn, born at 36 weeks' twin gestation, by emergency cesarean section due to cord prolapse, with birth weight of 2,035 g and Apgar score of 7/7/7, who develops microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and progressive acute renal failure. In day 5, after diagnosis of aHUS, a daily infusion of fresh frozen plasma begins, with improvement of thrombocytopenia and very slight improvement in renal function. The etiologic study (congenital infection, Shiga toxin, ADAMTS13 activity, directed metabolic study) was normal. C3c was slightly decreased. On day 16 for maintenance of anemia and severe renal failure, she started 300 mg/dose eculizumab. Anemia resolves in 10 weeks and creatinine has normal values after 13 weeks of treatment. The genetic study was normal. In this case, eculizumab is effective in controlling microangiopathy and in the recovery of renal function. Diagnosis of neonatal aHUS can be challenging because of phenotypic heterogeneity and potential overlap with other manifestations that may confound it, such as perinatal asphyxia or sepsis/disseminated intravascular coagulation.

scholarly journals Temporal trends in treatment and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndrome and concomitant moderate to severe renal failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bossard ◽  
F Witassek ◽  
D Radovanovic ◽  
F Moccetti ◽  
P Erne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Severe Renal Failure ◽  
P2y12 Inhibitors ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Introduction Limited information about the management and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and moderate to severe renal failure (RF) is available owing to underrepresentation of this population in most studies. Methods We evaluated the use of guideline-recommended therapies and in-hospital outcomes of totally 49'191 ACS patients with normal-mild renal failure (RF) (defined as eGFR &gt;45ml/min/m2) versus moderate-severe RF (eGFR &lt;45ml/min/m2) enrolled in the prospective Acute Myocardial Infarction in Switzerland (AMIS) cohort between 2002 and 2019 according to 2-year periods. Results Overall, 3'478 (7.1%) patients had moderate-severe RF. They were older (65.2+12.9 versus 77.2+10.6 years) and had significantly more comorbidities (including heart failure, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular disease). Moderate-severe RF patients received less frequently guideline-recommended drugs, including P2Y12 inhibitors, ACEI/ARBs and statins (p&lt;0.0001). Between the first and last 2-year periods, the number of patients with moderate-severe RF and number of performed percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) increased in this cohort (p-for-trend=0.001). At the same time, in-hospital mortality significantly decreased among ACS patients with and without RF (17.5% to 10.5% and 6.0% to 3.9%, respectively, p-for-trend=0.001 for both, see Figure). Similar trends were observed for other complications, namely cardiogenic shock and reinfarction. However, major bleedings increased significantly over time in patients with and without RF (p-for-trend=0.038 and &lt;0.001, respectively). Conclusions Outcomes of ACS patients with moderate to severe RF improved over the last two decades. Even though the rate of PCI increased in ACS patients with moderate-severe RF, they were less likely to receive guideline-recommended therapies and still suffer a high in-hospitality mortality (&gt;10%). With respect to the increasing burden of ACS patients with RF, our study implicates that more efforts should be undertaken to further improve outcomes of those patients. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

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