scholarly journals Current trends in HIV/ AIDS epidemiology in Poland, 1999 – 2004

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Rosinska
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Hiv Surveillance ◽  
Route Of Transmission ◽  
Hiv Aids

The first HIV/ AIDS cases in Poland were diagnosed in the mid-1980, and the outbreak in injecting drug users was first observed in 1989. For many years the HIV epidemic in Poland was driven by injecting drug use. In this study we examine the trends in the HIV/ AIDS epidemic based on the surveillance data for 1999-2004. During this period, 3561 new HIV infections (annual rate of 15.4 per 1 000 000 inhabitants) were reported and 803 incident AIDS cases (incidence 3.5 per 1 000 000) were diagnosed. Both the annual number of newly detected HIV infections and the AIDS incidence showed a slight increasing trend. In particular, the vertically transmitted AIDS incidence increased from 0.46 in 1999 - 2000 to 0.91 per 1 000 000 children under 15 years in 2003 - 2004. Approximately 36% of AIDS patients aged 15 years or above had not been previously diagnosed with HIV. The annual number of the late presenters increased markedly between 1999 and 2004 and was higher amongst individuals infected through sexual transmission (51.0%) than those infected by injecting drug use (20.1%) . Injecting drug users made up 78.6% of new HIV infections with known transmission route, but for 47.9% of all cases the route of transmission was not reported. In order to generate more accurate data, HIV surveillance must be enhanced. Nevertheless, there is clear evidence for implementation of a comprehensive programme of prevention of vertical transmission and encouraging more extensive HIV testing especially in the groups at risk for sexual transmission. An effort is needed to enhance HIV surveillance and prevention in the framework of programmes for STI.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Practices on HIV/AIDS among Injecting Drug Users

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Subhash Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Main Route ◽  
Route Of Transmission ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Hiv Aids

Injecting drug use is the main route of transmission of HIV/AIDS. Injecting Drug Users (IDUs) are one of the high risk groups of this infection. This paper describes the knowledge and practice of HIV in injecting drug users based on quantitative data collected from 154 IDUs by interview schedule. It is concluded that the knowledge about HIV/AIDS amongst the injecting drug users is not a problem. The key problem is sharing used syringe by some users to take drugs to fulfill their urgent compulsion. The gap between knowledge and practice causes them to the vulnerability of the problem.Academic Voices, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2013, Pages 62-67 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/av.v3i1.9990 

Theorising stigma and the experiences of injecting drug users in Australia

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Tindal ◽  
Kay Cook ◽  
Nena Foster
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Poor Health Status ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
The Poor

This paper examines the stigma of injecting drug use as an underlying factor in the poor health status of Australian injecting drug users. Drawing on various models of stigma described in the literature, we examine injecting drug users’ experiences. As a case study, examples from Victorian (specifically Melbourne) policy and practice are included to exemplify community and societal attitudes towards injecting drug users and the implications of these for injecting drug user health. We conclude that redressing the negative effects of stigma requires political will, financial support, increased community commitment and a better understanding of the links between the social determinant of health and the poor health status of injecting drug users. Without reducing the stigma of injecting drug use the health of this marginalised population is likely to get worse, which will have broader negative population health effects.

An Overview of Injecting Drug Use and HIV Infection in Edinburgh, Scotland - Maximizing Benefit and Minimizing Harm

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
Roger Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Hiv Epidemic ◽  
Major Drug

Since 1983 parts of Scotland, unlike England, have experienced a major drug-related HIV epidemic. Edinburgh and Lothian currently have a known HIV-infected population of 1,105. A variety of harm-reduction measures, including needle exchanges, methadone prescription, community drug agencies, and targeted prevention campaigns have been implemented since 1985. The number of drug-related HIV infections reported has fallen significantly since 1988. However, sexual transmission remains a cause for concern, particularly among the injecting and non-injecting partners of HIV-positive drug users.

Do risk factors increase measurement of hepatitis B, C signs and HIV-AIDS among middle-aged and older IDUs in southwest Iran?

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-238
Author(s):  
Abdolrahim Asadollahi ◽  
Abdolkarim Najafi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Southwest Iran ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Hiv Aids

Purpose Injecting drug use addiction is a main factor in hepatitis B, C infection and HIV–AIDS infection. The purpose of this paper is to measure seroprevalence of hepatitis B, C virus and HIV–AIDS amongst injecting drug users (IDUs) and its influencing factors. Design/methodology/approach The cross-sectional method was used in mid-2017 in Ahwaz city, southwest Iran. In total, 133 IDUs, aged 29–71 years (mean age=48.21 ± 10.4), were chosen from Aria addiction treatment centre. The data were collected on demographic and behavioural characteristics. In addition, serum samples were screened for those diseases. Findings In a total of 131 IDUs, 2 (1.5 per cent) were HIV+, 16 (11.7 per cent) HCV+ and 8 (6.1 per cent) HBV+. There was a significant correlation between diseases and IDU. Results of multiple regression stated that IDU was a more predicting variable as β=0.76 and the model was able to predict 74.1 per cent of the variance, F (3, 35)=12.42, ρ<0.001, R2=0.741, OR=3.01, 95% CI [1.44, 3.83]. The synchronised pairwise effect of age, imprisonment and IDU with GLM analysis was significant, F (2, 114)=20.433, ρ<0.000, η HCV + 2 = 0.609 , η HBV + 2 = 0.616 , and η HCV + 2 = 0.612 , λWilks’=0.056. The infection rate among IDUs was significant and the most important risk factor for these infections has been intravenous drug use, together with age of misusing and imprisonment. Research limitations/implications The non-cooperation of two samples, lack of participation of three addiction rehabilitation centres in Ahwaz city, the end of cooperation in the first two months of the implementation of the plan, and the lack of consistency of the three serum samples in the cases (two cases) were limitations of the study. Practical implications Based on the results, the following suggestions could be presented: establishing “Intervention Clubs” for treatment in the peripheral urban areas for the participation of women drug users – the responsible organisation is Cultural and Social Deputy of Ahwaz Municipality Organisation. Integration of “Small Self-caring Groups” in Sepidar Women’s Penitentiary in the East Ahwaz region – the responsible organisation is Khuzistan Province Prisons Organisation (the southwestern Iranian prisons authority); constructing “Community-based Committees” to increase the level of social intervention – the responsible organisation is the Iran Drug Control Headquarters at Iranian Presidential Office; screening of injecting drug use in the populations at risk, especially girls and women in marginalised areas – the responsible organisation is Deputy Director of Prevention and Treatment of Addiction in the Iran Welfare and Rehabilitation Organisation; establishing an “Patient Treatment Center” in high-risk areas along with directing drug users and supervising the relevant authorities – the responsible organisation is Deputy Police Commander on Social Assistance; providing education to families involved with addiction in the “Neighborhood Parks” – the responsible organisation is Deputy for Health Affairs. Social implications They are mixed with practical implications as well. Originality/value The comprehensive harm reduction plan and prison-related issues of IDUs with shared syringe along with the pairwise age and imprisonment need to consider the above factors.

Global overview of injecting drug use and HIV infection among injecting drug users

AIDS ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 2295-2303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Aceijas ◽  
Gerry V Stimson ◽  
Matthew Hickman ◽  
Tim Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Use

scholarly journals Injecting Drug Users and Their Health Seeking Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam ◽  
Tuhin Biswas ◽  
Faiz Ahmed Bhuiyan ◽  
Md. Serajul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Mizanur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Seeking Behavior ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction and Aim.Injecting drug users (IDUs) are amongst the most vulnerable people to acquisition of HIV/AIDS. This study aims to collect information on IDUs and their health seeking behavior in Bangladesh.Design and Methods.A cross-sectional study was conducted among 120 IDUs attending a drug rehabilitation center in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were collected on sociodemographics, drug use, health seeking behavior, knowledge of injecting drugs, and sexual behavior.Results.The mean ± SD and median (IQR) age of the participants were32.5±21.3and 33 (27–38) years, respectively, with only 9.2% females. Injection buprenorphine was the drug of choice for 40% of participants, and 58% of the participants first started drug use with smoking cannabis. 73.3% of participants shared needles sometimes and 57.5% were willing to use the needle exchange programs. 60% of the participants had no knowledge about the diseases spread by injection. Condom use during the last intercourse with regular partners was 11.7% and with any partners 15.8%.Conclusion.IDUs in Bangladesh are a high-risk group for HIV/AIDS due to lack of knowledge and risky behaviors. Education and interventions specifically aimed at IDUs are needed, because traditional education may not reach IDUs or influence their behavior.

scholarly journals The HIV/AIDS epidemic and changes in injecting drug use in Buenos Aires, Argentina

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Rossi ◽  
María Pía Pawlowicz ◽  
Victoria Rangugni ◽  
Dhan Zunino Singh ◽  
Paula Goltzman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Hiv Aids

This article discusses the changes in injecting drug use from 1998 to 2003 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The Rapid Situation Assessment and Response methodology was used to obtain the information. Quantitative and qualitative techniques were triangulated: 140 current IDUs and 35 sex partners of injection drug users (IDUs) were surveyed; 17 in-depth interviews with the surveyed IDUs and 2 focus groups were held, as well as ethnographic observations. The way in which risk and care practices among injecting drug users changed and the influence of the HIV/ AIDS epidemic on this process are described. In recent years, the frequency of injection practices and sharing of injecting equipment has decreased, while injecting drug use is a more hidden practice in a context of increasing impact of the disease in the injecting drug use social networks and changes in the price and quality of drugs. Knowledge about these changes helps build harm reduction activities oriented to IDUs in their particular social context.

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