DISFLUENCIES IN RUSSIAN SPOKEN MONOLOGUES: A DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Korotaev ◽  
◽  
V. I. Podlesskaya ◽  
K. V. Smirnova ◽  
O. V. Fedorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Structural Approach ◽  
Distributional Analysis ◽  
Fluent Speech ◽  
Filled Pauses ◽  
Distributional Patterns ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Corpus Data

The paper addresses the overall distribution of speech disfluencies in Russian spoken monologic discourse: basing on corpus data, we investigate qualitatively and quantitatively how disfluencies of different types group (or do not group) with each other and how isolated disfluencies and their sequences are sandwiched with periods of fluent speech in the course of speech production. Self-repairs, filled and silent pauses, and instances of hesitation lengthening were annotated in a subcorpus of the “Russian Pears Chats and Stories” (RUPEX). A distribution-oriented typology of disfluencies was proposed that distinguishes between isolated disfluencies, disfluency clusters, and quasiclusters. We claim that disfluency tokens tend to cluster, as isolated occurrences are significantly less frequent in our data than it could have been expected basing on the relative frequency of tokens. This finding contradicts previous studies that treated disfluency clusters as a more marginal phenomenon, and emphasizes the importance of a distributional, rather than merely structural, approach to annotating disfluencies. Furthermore, individual types of disfluency tokens demonstrate significantly different distributional patterns. Compared to other types, self-repairs occur more often in isolation, while words with hesitation lengthening appear predominantly in clusters, and filled pauses most often group with silent pauses to form quasi-clusters.

Noun-Noun sequences and the complement-modifier distinction: a corpus-based study

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-107
Author(s):  
Carmen Portero Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Head Position ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Combination Frequency ◽  
Food Shopping ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Thematic Relation ◽  
Corpus Data ◽  
Reliable Basis

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to question the relevance of the complement-modifier distinction in Noun-Noun sequences. It will be argued that neither syntactic nor semantic criteria provide a completely reliable basis for the distinction between complement and modifier in the context of post-head complements or modifiers and even less so in the case of nominal complements or modifiers in pre-head position, i.e. in Noun-Noun sequences. More specifically, it will be contended that the distinction between complements and modifiers in Noun-Noun sequences cannot be held on cognitive grounds either. With this aim it will firstly be shown that there are different types of associations between the two nouns in Noun-Noun sequences, namely thematic-relation associations (e.g. food shopping) and peripheral associations (e.g. strip shopping). Secondly, evidence will be provided to show that, in spite of the fact that these various associations may correspond to our intuitions about the complement-modifier distinction, they manifest a similar degree of semantic bondedness and combination frequency. In order to measure the semantic bondedness and frequency of the different types of relations in Noun-Noun sequences a pilot study on a sample of Noun-Noun sequences will be conducted using corpus data. The relative frequency with which two nouns are combined correlates with different degrees of ‘semantic bonding’, which can be seen as a sign of cognitive relevance. As a result of this, it will be shown that, even in the case of relational nouns, the most frequent combinations are not always thematic-relation ones. In addition, some sequences where nouns are combined with other nouns denoting peripheral relations show a higher degree of semantic bonding than others in which they are combined with thematic-relation nouns. Finally, the distinction between complements and modifiers in Noun-Noun sequences will be addressed from the point of view of interpretation. In spite of the fact that thematic relation interpretations are assumed to have priority over property interpretations, this priority may be reversed by different factors.

scholarly journals Stuttered and fluent speech production: An ALE meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Brown ◽  
Roger J. Ingham ◽  
Janis C. Ingham ◽  
Angela R. Laird ◽  
Peter T. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fluent Speech

scholarly journals Hörer- und Sprechertypen in Bremen und Hamburg. Eine Untersuchung zu Sprachwissen, Sprachwahrnehmung und Sprachgebrauch

2017 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Hettler
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Language Awareness ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Individual Features ◽  
Metalinguistic Knowledge

Regarding the perception of regional speech and the salience of language variants it is to as-sume, that they are being influenced by individual features of the specific speaker/listener. However, most recent studies dealing with the salience of language phenomena neglect factors like, for example, language awareness or the profession of speakers. This article focuses on the correlation between speech perception, speech production and individual characteristics of speakers like the metalinguistic knowledge they have. It presents selected results of a study dealing with the perception and production of regional speech in Bremen and Hamburg and discusses different types of speaker/listener profiles.

scholarly journals Verbs of falling and their argument structure in Circassian languages

2020 ◽  
Vol XVI (1) ◽  
pp. 723-756
Author(s):  
I. Bagirokova ◽  
◽  
D. Ryzhova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Initial Point ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Vertical Orientation ◽  
Caucasian Family ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Corpus Data ◽  
Initial Source

This paper describes the semantics of falling in Adyghe and Kuban Kabardian from a typological perspective. The analysis is based on corpus data, accompanied by the results of elicitation. Although they represent the same Circassian branch of the Northwest Caucasian family, Adyghe and Kabardian still demonstrate some differences in the way their predicates of falling are lexicalized: while in Adyghe we have a distributive system which includes special lexical means for different types of falling (verbal root -fe- for falling from above, wəḳʷerejə- for losing vertical orientation, -zǝfor detachment, and verbs from adjacent semantic domains such as -we- ‘beat’ for destruction), there is only one dominant (-xwe-) and several peripheral predicates in the Kabardian language. What is peculiar about these languages, when compared to the available typological data, is that the parameter of orientation to the initial (Source) vs. final point (Goal) of movement is of special importance in lexicalizing cases of falling. In Circassian languages, simultaneous surface expression of Source and Goal of movement within a clause is prohibited for morphosyntactic reasons, and the lexemes denoting falling are divided into Source- vs. Goal-oriented ones. For some verbal roots, this orientation is an intrinsic semantic property (cf. -zǝ- which is always Source-oriented); in other cases, it is marked with specifi c affi xes (cf. a locative combination je-…-xǝ ‘down’ which marks re-orientation to the Source of falling of the initially Goal-oriented Adyghe verb -fe-). Thus, our analysis of the material may not only help to contribute to the general typology of falling but may throw light on such a phenomenon in cognitive linguistics as the emphasis on the fi nal point of movement in opposition to the initial point, also known as goal bias

A catalog and distributional analysis of the Rutelinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) of Ecuador

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
AURA PAUCAR-CABRERA
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Distributional Analysis ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Distributional Patterns

Research on the Ecuadorian Rutelinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) was conducted to determine the diversity of the group in Ecuador and to examine distributional patterns. Results showed that the Rutelinae are distributed in all zoogeographical zones of the country except the Galápagos Islands. Species of Rutelinae occupy a wide variety of habitats ranging from sea level to the high Andes. Areas with the greatest diversity of species, in decreasing order, are the tropical habitats on both sides of the Andes, the subtropical, and the temperate zones. Ecuador has 298 species and 53 genera of Rutelinae. In sum, 36% of the species are endemic to Ecuador.Se realizó un estudio faunístico con el objetivo de conocer la biodiversidad de Rutelinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) en el Ecuador. Los resultados muestran que la subfamilia Rutelinae está distribuida en todos los pisos zoogeográficos del Ecuador excepto en Galápagos. Las especies de Rutelinae ocupan una amplia variedad de hábitats desde el nivel del mar hasta el piso alto andino. Las áreas con mayor diversidad de especies, en orden decreciente, son los pisos tropicales, subtropicales y temperado. Ecuador tiene 298 especies y 53 géneros de Rutelinae. El 36% de las especies son endémicas.

scholarly journals On the path of time: temporal motion in typological perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHELE I. FEIST ◽  
SARAH E. DUFFY
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Motion Verbs ◽  
Spatial Motion ◽  
Psychological Reality ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
Temporal Expressions ◽  
Corpus Data ◽  
Carry Over

ABSTRACTThe Moving Ego and Moving Time metaphors have provided a fertile testing ground for the psychological reality of space–time metaphors. Despite this, little research has targeted the linguistic patterns used in these two mappings. To fill that gap, the current study uses corpus data to examine the use of motion verbs in two typologically different languages, English and Spanish. We first investigated the relative frequency of the two metaphors. Whereas we observed no difference in frequency in the Spanish data, our findings indicated that in English, Moving Time expressions are more prevalent than are Moving Ego expressions. Second, we focused on the patterns of use of the verbs themselves, asking whether well-known typological patterns in the expression of spatial motion would carry over to temporal motion. Specifically, we examined the frequencies of temporal uses of path and manner verbs in English and in Spanish. Contra the patterns observed in space, we observed a preference for path verbs in both languages, with this preference more strongly evident in English than in Spanish. In addition, our findings revealed greater use of motion verbs in temporal expressions in Spanish compared to English. These findings begin to outline constraints on the aspects of spatial conceptualization that are likely to be reused in the conceptualization of time.

Understanding Nasal Emission During Speech Production: A Review of Types, Terminology, and Causality

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liran Oren ◽  
Ann Kummer ◽  
Suzanne Boyce
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Pressure Sensitive ◽  
Abnormal Structure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nasal Emission

There are several different types of nasal emission that can occur during speech due to either velopharyngeal dysfunction or abnormal articulation in the pharynx. Nasal emission can be inaudible or very loud and distracting, depending on the size of the velopharyngeal opening and the physics of the flow. Nasal emission can be obligatory and/or compensatory (due to abnormal structure) or it can be caused by a misarticulation that results in a substitution of a pharyngeal sound for an oral sound, despite normal velopharyngeal structure. Nasal emission can occur on all pressure-sensitive phonemes or it can be phoneme-specific. Although it is generally recognized that the loud and distracting form of nasal emission (called nasal turbulence or nasal rustle) is due to a small velopharyngeal opening, the causality of the distracted sound is debated. This article provides a brief review of the types of nasal emission, the terms used to describe it, and the potential causes. This article also stresses the need for further research to clarify the causality of the sound generated by a small velopharyngeal opening.

Verb Class-Specific Caused-Motion Constructions

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaorong Xia
Keyword(s):  
Motion Verbs ◽  
Conceptual Representation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Corpus Data ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Motion Constructions

AbstractIn a constructional approach, the caused-motion construction is productive enough to attract verbs of different types into the construction; however, the distinct senses derived from actual instances indicate it is necessary to posit the caused-motion construction at lower levels because more novel uses present meanings closer to those lower constructions. The present analysis of the corpus data of English motion verbs shows that the senses of manner of caused-motion, manner of causing motion, and accompanied motion arise from their occurrences in the caused-motion construction. From a usage-based perspective, the entrenched use would yield verb class-specific constructions that are productive as well. The lower level of construction, together with the most schematic one, is stored in our memory as part of conceptual representation. The research indicates that creative use of motion verbs in the caused-motion construction is better interpreted with verb class-specific constructions.

Cognitive Morphology in Swedish: Studies with Normals and Aphasics

1994 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Ahlsén
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Oral Reading ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Morphological Processing ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Simple Processing ◽  
Slips Of The Tongue ◽  
Whole Word ◽  
Swedish Data

A multiple methods approach was applied to the study of morphology on the processing of lexical items in Swedish. Data from slips-of-the-tongue, agrammatic speech production, agrammatic oral reading, and lexical decision experiments were used. The results indicate that whole word processing as well as morphological processing takes place in the different types of tasks. The type of processing seems to vary along a continuum, with whole word processing as the most commonly applied type in automatized and relatively simple processing (such as lexical decision for common Swedish words), whereas signs of morpheme-based processing appear less often, and perhaps in less automatized tasks (such as agrammatic speech production).

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