Slips of the Tongue by Jokowi and Prabowo in the Presidential Debates 2019

This current research, using a descriptive qualitative method, aims to find out and analyze the types of slip of the tongue produced by Jokowi and Prabowo during the presidential debates 2019. This current research applied the theories proposed by Altiparmak and Koruoglu (2014) to analyze types of slip of the tongue. The data were taken from video of the 2nd round presidential debate 2019, obtained from YouTube. The collected data were then transcribed and analyzed based on the types of slip of the tongue proposed by Altiparmark and Koruoglu (2014). There were 100 utterances of data found of slip of the tongue produced by Jokowi and Prabowo during the 2nd round of presidential debate 2019. Jokowi produced 60 slips of the tongue: deletions (46.67%), blends (21.67%), substitutions (11.67%), anticipations (11.67%), additions (5%), perseverations (1.66%), and misdeviations (1.66%). Prabowo produced 40 slips of the tongue: deletions (26.83%), substitutions (26.83%), anticipations (21.95%), additions (19.51%), blends (2.44%), and misdeviations (2.44%). The type of perseverations of slip of the tongue occurred in Jokowi’s utterances but did not occur in Prabowo’s utterances. Whereas, shifts and exchanges slip of the tongue are the two types that did not occur in their utterances. Keywords: slips of the tongue, Jokowi, Prabowo, presidential debates Abstrak: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa tipe-tipe selip lidah yang dihasilkan oleh Jokowi dan Prabowo selama debat presiden 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori yang diajukan oleh Altiparmak dan Koruoglu (2014) untuk menganalisis tipe-tipe selip lidah. Data diambil dari video ronde kedua debat presiden 2019 yang diperoleh dari YouTube. Data yang terkumpul kemudian ditranskripsikan dan dianalisis berdasarkan pada tipe-tipe selip lidah yang diajukan oleh Altiparmak and Koruoglu (2014). Terdapat 100 data ucapan selip lidah yang ditemukan yang dihasilkan oleh Jokowi dan Prabowo selama ronde kedua debat presiden 2019. Jokowi memproduksi 60 kali selip lidah: deletions (46.67%), blends (21.67%), substitutions (11.67%), anticipations (11.67%), additions (5%), perseverations (1.66%), dan misdeviations (1.66%). Prabowo memproduksi 40 kali selip lidah: deletions (26.83%), substitutions (26.83%), anticipations (21.95%), additions (19.51%), blends (2.44%), dan misdeviations (2.44%). Perseverations adalah tipe kilir lidah yang terjadi pada ujaran Jokowi namun tidak terjadi pada ujaran Prabowo. Sedangkan shifts dan exchanges merupakan tipe selip lidah yang tidak terjadi dalam ujaran mereka. Kata kunci: selip lidah, Jokowi, Prabowo, debat pemilihan presiden

Intimate consumptions

In this paper, I investigate how the structure of and discursive performance on North American YouTube eating shows contribute to the creation of intimacy and informality. In a typical eating show, the performer eats copious amounts of food while talking to their non-copresent audience, making use of interactional registers to ‘break’ from the solitary setting and to build rapport with their viewers. The material for this study is based on two case studies drawn from a corpus of YouTube eating shows. At the heart of the eating show performances lies the persona of a ‘friend’ of the viewer, diverting from their highly structured and technologically-mediated communicative nature. While the language used on eating shows may thus seem spontaneous and unprompted, the videos are not only planned but also edited. The simultaneous presence of selected unedited moments (i.e., slips of the tongue and other mishaps), however, is evidence of a conscious blending of front- and backstage performance (Goffman 1959; Shulman 2017).

A Freudian Reading of Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights

There are many theories that emerged in fields other than literature but influenced the literary works greatly. These theories are used by scholars and critics to analyses and study the literary text. Among these theories are Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis and the theory of interpretation of dreams. According to Freud, the human mind is divided into two parts: the conscious and the subconscious. Freud used this theory to treat his patients by making them lie down and talk about their dreams, childhood and other thoughts. It is an attempt to make the unconscious conscious. Additionally, the unconscious can be revealed through the slips of the tongue (paraphrases) and dreams. Moreover, Freud assumes that the human psyche consists of three parts: Id (a store of the human desires and needs); superego (the part of the psyche which represents the high ideals); ego (the part which tries to make a compromise between the id and the superego). He also emphasizes the effect of our childhood upon our lives. The present study is a Freudian reading to Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights with reference to the impact of the author’s life upon the flow of the events and the lives of the characters.

SLIPS OF THE TONGUE IN INDONESIAN DAILY CONVERSATION: A PSYCHOLINGUISTIC VIEW

This research aims at analyzing speech errors, also known as slips of the tongue madeby adult Indonesians as native speakers. Those errors were analyzed regarding types andbackground of the occurence with Meringer’s theory of slips of the tongue as the framework ofthe research. This research is mainly qualitative with a descriptive approach within thepsycholinguistics view. The results show that slips of the tongue occurred by adult Indonesian asnative speakers were: 1. Exchange, 2. Anticipation, 3. Postposition, 4. Contamination, and 5.Substitution. Researchs about slips of the tongue can provide input to the language process whichis very important for language teaching. Language teachers can interact better with students if theproblems as the sources of the students' errors are identified. Above all, by comprehending varioustypes of speech errors we can increase our understanding of the acquisition, production, andperception of our language thoroughly.Key Words: speech error; slips of the tongue; psycholinguistics

Variation Within Idiomatic Variation: Exploring the Differences Between Speakers and Idioms

Corpus-based research on idiomatic variation has shown that idioms can be utilized with an extensive range of variation, including the possibility of idioms occurring with adjectival modification (e.g. make rapid headway), lexical variation (e.g. the calm/lull before the storm), and partial forms (e.g. birds of a feather [flock together]). Previous experimental research eliciting variation within idioms has tended to focus on unintended ‘slips of the tongue’, or errors in production. To date, no experimental study has explored the creativity that speakers can employ when using idioms. This study, by contrast, aims to elicit conscious and spontaneous productions of idiomatic variation, exploring just how creative speakers can be when using idiomatic expressions. Participants were asked to create headlines for newspaper snippets using provided idioms. They were explicitly told that the expression did not have to be exact and that they could be as creative as they wanted. The headlines for each idiom and each speaker were then examined. Variational patterns are observed for both idioms and speakers. For instance, some idioms (e.g. jump on the bandwagon) typically occur with partial forms, lexical variation, and/or adjectival modification; whereas other idioms (e.g. call the shots) are predominantly used in their canonical form. Similarly, some speakers (e.g. Speaker 14037) demonstrated considerable flexibility and playfulness when using the expressions, while other speakers (e.g. Speaker 14020) preferred minimal, if any, modification to the idioms. These results not only converge with previous corpus-based findings, but they also highlight the individual differences between speakers, as well as reveal how creative and innovative speakers can be when using idiomatic expressions.

SLIPS OF THE TONGUE MADE BY THE ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM STUDENTS

The purpose of this research is to identify the types of slip of the tongue made by English Education Study Program students of Bengkulu University in their proposal seminar presentation and to identify the dominant type of slip of the tongue made by English Education Study Program students of Bengkulu University in their proposal seminar presentation. The samples of this study were 5 Students English Education Study Program students of Bengkulu University who carry out seminars of each student proposal on February 23rd, 2018 and on April 27th, 2018. The instrument used in this research was the writer herself. The data were collected by using documentary method. To analyze the data, the qualitative and quantitative methods were applied. The results of this research show that there are 60 data which are taken from the proposal seminar presentation of English students. In those data there are 6 of 8 types of slip of the tongue found in students’ presentation; Anticipation, Perseveration, Exchange, Substitution, Addition and Deletion. The dominant type occurred was Substitution

Is There Such a Thing as a Psychical Accident?

This chapter addresses the question of psychical determinism in the work of Sigmund Freud. As Freud tells us in The Psychopathology of Everyday Life and The Introductory Lectures, nothing in the mind is arbitrary or undetermined. As Freud demonstrates again and again in hundreds of examples of parapraxes (slips of the tongue, slips of the pen, misreadings, mishearings, bungled actions, etc.), the accident (Unfall) is no accident for the analyst who is able to recognize and interpret an unconscious purpose behind an apparently random event. So how does chance (Zufall, Zufälligkeit) operate in an economy of psychical determinism? How are we to think chance together with analysis’s hermeneutic drive—that is to say, together with its compulsion to make the accident unhappen?