Benefit of Long-Term Adjunctive Low-Carbohydrate Diet with Intranasal Perillyl Alcohol Therapy in the Progression-Free Survival of a Patient with Glioblastoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Background: Long-term safety of low-carbohydrate-diets in Asian populations, whose carbohydrate intake is relatively high, is not known. Methods: We examined the association of low-carbohydrate-diets with CVD and total mortality using the National Integrated Project for Prospective Observation of Noncommunicable Disease and Its Trends in the Aged, (NIPPON DATA80) database with a 29-year follow-up. At the baseline in 1980, data were collected on study participants ages≥30 years from randomly selected areas in Japan. We calculated low-carbohydrate-diet scores based on the percentage of energy as carbohydrate, fat, and protein, estimated by 3-day weighed food records. We followed 9,200 participants (56% women, mean age 51 y). Results: During the follow-up, there were 1,171 CVD deaths (52% in women), and 3,443 total deaths (48% in women). The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for CVD mortality using the Cox model comparing highest versus lowest deciles for a low-carbohydrate-diet score was 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38-0.92, trend P=0.019) for women; 0.74 (95% CI: 0.55-0.99, trend P=0.033) for women and men combined; HR for total mortality was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.57-0.93, trend P=0.020) for women; 0.84 (95% CI: 0.72-0.99, trend P=0.030) for women and men combined. None of the associations in men alone were statistically significant. We did not note any differential effects between animal and plant based low-carbohydrate-diets. Conclusions: Moderate diets lower in carbohydrate and higher in protein and fat were significantly inversely associated with CVD and total mortality in women, and women and men combined.

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Long-term progression-free survival in an advanced lung adenocarcinoma patient harboring EZR-ROS1 rearrangement: a case report

BMC Pulmonary Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12890-018-0585-9 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Liang Dong ◽

Jingwen Xia ◽

Jing Zhang ◽

Yuanyuan Zhang ◽

Ning Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽

Progression Free Survival ◽

Free Survival ◽

Lung Adenocarcinoma Patient ◽

Ros1 Rearrangement

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Long-Term Ketogenic Diet Induces Metabolic Acidosis, Anemia, and Oxidative Stress in Healthy Wistar Rats

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1155/2020/3642035 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aryadi Arsyad ◽

Irfan Idris ◽

Andi A. Rasyid ◽

Rezky A. Usman ◽

Kiki R. Faradillah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Metabolic Acidosis ◽

Ketogenic Diet ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Blood Gas ◽

High Fat ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Low Carbohydrate

Background. Ketogenic diet has been used as supportive therapy in a range of conditions including epilepsy, diabetes mellitus, and cancer. Objective. This study aimed to investigate the effects of long-term consumption of ketogenic diet on blood gas, hematological profiles, organ functions, and superoxide dismutase level in a rat model. Materials and Methods. Fifteen male Wistar rats were divided into control (n = 8) and ketogenic (n = 7) groups. Controls received standard diet contained 52.20% of carbohydrates, 7.00% fat, and 15.25% protein; meanwhile, the ketogenic group received a high-fat-low-carbohydrate diet which contained 5.66% of carbohydrate, 86.19% fat, and 8.15% protein. All rats were caged individually and received 30g of either standard or high-fat-low-carbohydrate pellets. The experiment was carried out for 60 days before the blood samples were taken and analyzed to obtain blood gas, cell counts, organ biomarkers, and plasma antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Results. The rats subjected to ketogenic diet experienced a marked decrease in body weight, blood sugar, and increased blood ketones (p<0.05). The average blood pH was 7.36 ± 0.02 and base excess was −5.57 ± 2.39 mOsm/L, which were significantly lower than controls (p<0.05). Hematological analysis showed significantly lower erythrocyte, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels. No significant changes were found in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, and creatinine levels, indicating normal liver and kidney functions. Nevertheless, plasma SOD level significantly reduced with ketogenic diet. Conclusion. Long-term ketogenic diet induces metabolic acidosis, anemia, and reduced antioxidant enzyme level in rats following 60 days of consuming high-fat-low-carbohydrate diet.

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Low Carbohydrate–Diet Scores and Long-term Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Among Women With a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/dc15-1642 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 43-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Wei Bao ◽

Shanshan Li ◽

Jorge E. Chavarro ◽

Deirdre K. Tobias ◽

Yeyi Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Low Carbohydrate ◽

History Of

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A Case Report: Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis Presenting as Chest Pain in a Patient on a Low Carbohydrate Diet

Current Diabetes Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573399816666200316112709 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Brenda Dorcely ◽

Juliana Nitis ◽

Arthur Schwartzbard ◽

Jonathan Newman ◽

Ira Goldberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Chest Pain ◽

Emergency Room ◽

Sglt2 Inhibitor ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Low Carbohydrate ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

History Of ◽

Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Introduction: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 [SGLT2] inhibitors reduce cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with diabetes, particularly patients with established cardiovascular disease. Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis [euDKA], a complication of SGLT2 therapy, can be exacerbated by a low carbohydrate diet. Case Report: A 61-year-old man with a history of type 2 diabetes, taking a SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin 10 mg orally daily, presented to the emergency room with a 2-day history of nausea and chest pain. A week prior to presentation, he had started a ketogenic diet. He was initially admitted with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. On initial assessment in the emergency room, his cardiac enzymes were normal and there were no ischemic changes in his ECG. As there was concern for unstable angina, he underwent cardiac catheterization, which showed a known total occlusion with collaterals and arteries with non-obstructive disease without evidence of acute plaque rupture. His baseline laboratory assessments revealed an elevated anion gap of 17, increased urinary and plasma ketones, and metabolic acidosis. His plasma glucose level was 84 mg/dL. The diagnosis of euDKA was made, and treatment with intravenous fluids and insulin was initiated. His chest pain and nausea subsequently resolved. Conclusion: We present a case of euDKA triggered by a ketogenic diet while on SGLT2 inhibitor therapy presenting as chest pain. The recognition of euDKA is important in the context of increased SGLT2 use for management of cardiovascular risk for patients with diabetes.

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Abstract P167: The Long-term Effect of a Low-Carbohydrate Diet on Appetite Hormones: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.127.suppl_12.ap167 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽

Author(s):

Tian Hu ◽

Kristi Reynolds ◽

Lu Yao ◽

Calynn Bunol ◽

Yanxi Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peptide Yy ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

P Value ◽

Low Fat ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Low Carbohydrate ◽

Total Ghrelin ◽

Study Participants

The long-term effects of low-carbohydrate diets on hormones related to appetite are unclear. We recruited a total of 148 study participants with a body mass index of 30 - 45 kg/m2 (Mean: 35.4 kg/m2) who were free of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and kidney disease. The participants were randomly assigned to either a low-carbohydrate diet (<40 g/day; N=75) or a low fat (<30% energy from fat, <10% from saturated fat; N=73) diet. Two 24-hour dietary recalls were conducted at each clinic visit (0, 3, 6 and 12 months of the intervention). Participants met with a study dietitian weekly for the first month followed by group settings bi-weekly for 5 months then monthly for the subsequent 6 months. Each group was provided the same behavioral curriculum related to diet emphasizing portion control and eating habits. Total ghrelin and peptide YY were determined using radioimmunoassay methods. Of the study participants, 60 in the low-fat group (81.1%) and 59 in the low-carbohydrate group (79.7%) completed the entire intervention. The mean age was 46.8 years, 88.5% were women and 55.1% were African-Americans. The low-carbohydrate group lost approximately 3.5 kg more body weight than did the low-fat group (P value: 0.002) over the course of the intervention. Both diets decreased total peptide YY and ghrelin. Compared to low-fat diets, the low-carbohydrate diet resulted in a significantly greater decrease in total peptide YY at 6 (Net change: -6.8 ph/mL; P value: 0.04) and 12 months (Net change: -10.6 ph/mL; P value: 0.02). The changes in total ghrelin were not significantly different throughout the study. Our findings suggest that the low-carbohydrate diet did not result in a greater loss of appetite, compared to the low-fat diet.

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