Microbial biocatalysts in the biocatalytic processes of the degradation of organophosphorus compounds

A number of single microorganisms and microbial consortia, carrying out the destruction of organophosphorus compounds (OPC) by using their own enzymatic systems, were identified and investigated. They can use OPC as a source of nutrients such as carbon and/or phosphorus. The rate of OPC decomposition varies and depends mainly on environmental conditions (pH, temperature, availability of oxigen, etc.) and composition of native microbial community. The development of genetically modified organisms capable of degrading OPC, the immobilization of cells and the creation of artificial consortia are approaches that increase the efficiency of biodegradation of OPC.

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Bioethics and Genetically Modified Foods

Mexican Bioethics Review ICSA ◽

10.29057/mbr.v1i1.4852 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Jaaasai Gomez-Otamendi

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Genetic Modification ◽

Genetically Modified Organisms ◽

Genetically Modified ◽

Genetically Modified Foods ◽

The Creation

Currently, the genetic modification of plants, animals and other organisms has intensified and has allowed the development of increasingly advanced methods. The creation of transgenic foods, their use and distribution have generated various positions, since there is no certainty about their effects on human health or the environment. The objective of bioethics is then to question what is the best environment for the development of new food technologies and balances the ideas of the sectors that support or reject the production and use of genetically modified organisms, and in this way promotes clear and free knowledge of the information contained in these products.

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Effect of Genetically Modified Poplars on Soil Microbial Communities during the Phytoremediation of Waste Mine Tailings

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.06102-11 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 77 (21) ◽

pp. 7611-7619 ◽

Cited By ~ 109

Author(s):

Moonsuk Hur ◽

Yongho Kim ◽

Hae-Ryong Song ◽

Jong Min Kim ◽

Young Im Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Genetically Modified Organisms ◽

Genetically Modified ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Rate Of Change ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Metal Mining ◽

Soil Microbial

ABSTRACTThe application of transgenic plants to clean up environmental pollution caused by the wastes of heavy metal mining is a promising method for removing metal pollutants from soils. However, the effect of using genetically modified organisms for phytoremediation is a poorly researched topic in terms of microbial community structures, despite the important role of microorganisms in the health of soil. In this study, a comparative analysis of the bacterial and archaeal communities found in the rhizosphere of genetically modified (GM) versus wild-type (WT) poplar was conducted on trees at different growth stages (i.e., the rhizospheres of 1.5-, 2.5-, and 3-year-old poplars) that were cultivated on contaminated soils together with nonplanted control soil. Based on the results of DNA pyrosequencing, poplar type and growth stages were associated with directional changes in the structure of the microbial community. The rate of change was faster in GM poplars than in WT poplars, but the microbial communities were identical in the 3-year-old poplars. This phenomenon may arise because of a higher rate and greater extent of metal accumulation in GM poplars than in naturally occurring plants, which resulted in greater changes in soil environments and hence the microbial habitat.

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