scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF DIMENSION AND SHAPE FOR BALL VALVE BODY IN FIRE SAFE DESIGN

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
GHEORGHIŢA TOMESCU ◽  
RADU IATAN ◽  
IULIANA IAŞINICU (STAMATE)
Keyword(s):  
Fire Risk ◽  
Ball Valve ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Fire Testing ◽  
Valve Body ◽  
Prevention Through Design ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Fluid Characteristics

The fire safe valves are designed for petroleum and petrochemical complexes and allied industries because working fluid characteristics result in a high fire risk, detonation and / or explosion. Fire Safe Certification is achieved through a standardized fire testing. This article aims to show how to optimize the shape and size of the main body of a ball valve in sequence CAD – FEM - testing and evaluation of the performance of valves when exposed to fire. This analysis is necessary because fire testing is expensive to verify and the validation of constructive solutions helps reduce production costs and achieve fire prevention through design.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF DIMENSION AND SHAPE FOR BALL VALVE BODY IN FIRE SAFE DESIGN

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
GHEORGHIŢA TOMESCU ◽  
RADU IATAN ◽  
IULIANA IAŞINICU (STAMATE)
Keyword(s):  
Fire Risk ◽  
Ball Valve ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Fire Testing ◽  
Valve Body ◽  
Prevention Through Design ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Fluid Characteristics

The fire safe valves are designed for petroleum and petrochemical complexes and allied industries because working fluid characteristics result in a high fire risk, detonation and / or explosion. Fire Safe Certification is achieved through a standardized fire testing. This article aims to show how to optimize the shape and size of the main body of a ball valve in sequence CAD – FEM - testing and evaluation of the performance of valves when exposed to fire. This analysis is necessary because fire testing is expensive to verify and the validation of constructive solutions helps reduce production costs and achieve fire prevention through design.

The Human Reliability Analysis in Fire PSA Using Spar-H Method

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Total Risk ◽  
Human Reliability ◽  
Human Reliability Analysis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
In Fire

According to existing research results, fire risk makes a significant contribution to the total risk of a nuclear power plant (NPP). So fire probabilistic safety analysis (PSA) for NPPs is becoming more and more important in recent years. How to perform human reliability analysis (HRA) which is an essential part of PSA is therefore being paid more and more attention in fire PSA. This paper describes the characteristics and special considerations of HRA in fire PSA, and demonstrates in fire PSA how to use SPAR-H method which is so-called an advanced second-generation HRA method and is being widely used in PSA for Chinese NPPs. The study results can be a reference for other HRA analysts to use SPAR-H method in fire PSA models or other PSA models in Chinese NPPs or the world-wide nuclear industry.

scholarly journals Risk Perception and Knowledge in Fire Risk Reduction in a Dong Minority Rural Village in China: A Health-EDRM Education Intervention Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Ying Yang Chan ◽  
Holly Ching Yu Lam ◽  
Phoebe Pui Wun Chung ◽  
Zhe Huang ◽  
Tony Ka Chun Yung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Education Intervention ◽  
Rural Village ◽  
In Fire

scholarly journals Gestión activa frente a matorralización: buscando el equilibrio entre conservación y explotación en montaña

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 423
Author(s):  
T. Lasanta
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Prescribed Fires ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Shrub Clearing ◽  
In Fire

The mountains of Europe, especially in the Mediterranean, have undergone a significant process of revegetation since the mid-20th century with the spread of shrublands and forests in succession stages. This leads to negative effects (degradation of pasture, accumulation of biomass with the subsequent increase in fire risk, loss or trivialized of cultural landscapes, etc.) and other positive ones (greater rewilding of landscapes, recovery of forest life, more CO2 fixation, less soil erosion, etc.). Thus, two alternatives must be put forward: either allow the rewilding process to continue, or intervene in the region to reduce the negative effects of revegetation.In this paper, the literature forms the base for a discussion on the main interventions in the territory: extensive livestock grazing, combined with prescribed fires and shrub clearing. Prescribed fires are found to be insufficient to control the spread of shrublands, and in some cases promotes its regrowth (Echinospartum horridum), as well as degrading the pasture land and increasing soil erosion. On the other hand, clearing shrubland has positive effects: a reduction in wildfires, increased livestock numbers, and improved indicators of heterogeneity and fragmentation of the landscape.

scholarly journals Material properties and the energy balance in standardized fire testing

2018 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 07004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Węgrzyński ◽  
Piotr Turkowski
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Fire Tests ◽  
Fire Testing ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Conservation Of Energy ◽  
Certification Process ◽  
Standard Temperature ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Temperature Time

The origins of standardised fire testing can be traced back to 1870’s, and the origin of the standard temperature-time curve to 1917. This approach, based on a 19th-century intuition is still in use up to this day, to design the 21st-century structures. Standardized fire-testing ultimately disregards the conservation of energy in the fire, as in every test the resulting temperature of the test must be the same (precisely as the temp.-time curve). To maintain this, different amount of heat is required in every test, which means that every time a different fire is modelled within the furnace. The differences between furnace fire sizes are ignored in the certification process, but can be interesting for fire researchers to understand how different materials behave in fire conditions. In this paper, Authors explore this topic by investigating the energy balance within the furnace, and comparing different fire tests together.

Methods Advances in EPRI/NRC Fire Risk Re-quantification Project: Modeling of Post-Fire Safe Shutdown in Fire PRA

2004 ◽  
pp. 2744-2750
Author(s):  
Bijan Najafi ◽  
Alan Kolaczkowski ◽  
Daniel Funk ◽  
Frank Wyant ◽  
John Forrester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Risk ◽  
In Fire

scholarly journals Managing fire risk during drought: the influence of certification and El Niño on fire-driven forest conversion for oil palm in Southeast Asia

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Noojipady ◽  
Douglas C. Morton ◽  
Wilfrid Schroeder ◽  
Kimberly M. Carlson ◽  
Chengquan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Fire Activity ◽  
El Niño Events ◽  
In Fire ◽  
El Nino Events

Abstract. Indonesia and Malaysia have emerged as leading producers of palm oil in the past several decades, expanding production through the conversion of tropical forests to industrial plantations. Efforts to produce sustainable palm oil, including certification by the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), include guidelines designed to reduce the environmental impact of palm oil production. Fire-driven deforestation is prohibited by law in both countries and a stipulation of RSPO certification, yet the degree of environmental compliance is unclear, especially during El Niño events when drought conditions increase fire risk. Here, we used time series of satellite data to estimate the spatial and temporal patterns of fire-driven deforestation on and around oil palm plantations. In Indonesia, fire-driven deforestation accounted for one-quarter of total forest losses on both certified and noncertified plantations. After the first plantations in Indonesia received RSPO certification in 2009, forest loss and fire-driven deforestation declined on certified plantations but did not stop altogether. Oil palm expansion in Malaysia rarely involved fire; only 5 % of forest loss on certified plantations had coincident active fire detections. Interannual variability in fire detections was strongly influenced by El Niño and the timing of certification. Fire activity during the 2002, 2004, and 2006 El Niño events was similar among oil palm plantations in Indonesia that would later become certified, noncertified plantations, and surrounding areas. However, total fire activity was 75 % and 66 % lower on certified plantations than noncertified plantations during the 2009 and 2015 El Niño events, respectively. The decline in fire activity on certified plantations, including during drought periods, highlights the potential for RSPO certification to safeguard carbon stocks in peatlands and remaining forests in accordance with legislation banning fires. However, aligning certification standards with satellite monitoring capabilities will be critical to realize sustainable palm oil production and meet industry commitments to zero deforestation.

scholarly journals Fire risk assessment in fire hazardous zones of gasoline stations

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunisa Chaiklieng ◽  
Thawatchai Dacherngkhao ◽  
Pornnapa Suggaravetsiri ◽  
Vichai Pruktharathikul
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Fire Risk Assessment ◽  
In Fire
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