scholarly journals PENGARUH EXTERNALITAS PADA NET ENERGY RATIO PRODUKSI BIODIESEL MIKROALGA = Externalities Effect on Net Energy Ratio of Microalgae Biodiesel Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Arif Dwi Santoso ◽  
Kardono . ◽  
Joko P. Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Energy Ratio ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Net Energy Ratio

In the future, Indonesia is predicted to be hit by national energy crisis so that it needs to do some efforts to overcome its dependences on these fossil energy sources. One of the efforts to lower high dependency on fossil energy sources is to find renewable energy sources. Microalgae has a great potential as a renewable energy source because it has the advantages of high productivity and sustainability. Development of microalgal biomasses as a renewable energy source is however, constrained by high cost of biomass production and low value of NER (net energy ratio) comparing tothese of other biomasses, like palm oil, jatrophaand tubers. Literature study shows that the method of NER calculation on biodiesel production does not yet include environmental variables. This researchis therefore to evaluate the values of NER before and after the addition of environmental commodity variables that consist of social, environmental and land use cost. Results of NER values calculatedusing existing LCA and modification LCA method are found to be 0,62 ± 0,078 and 0,60 ± 0,075 for algal biodiesel and 4,17 ± 0,79 and 3,22 ± 0,61 for palm biodiesel. The lower value of NER value differences for algal biomass indicates that biodiesel production from algal biomass is more environmentally-friendly. In addition, it is predicted that microalgae will have a significant contribution in the green house gases (GHGs) mitigation by replacing fossil fuel in the future through its role as a biodiesel. Keywords: net energy ratio, life cycle analysis, environmental commodity, microalgae, biodieselAbstrakDi masa depan, Indonesia diperkirakan akan dilanda krisis energi nasional sehingga perlu melakukan upaya untuk mengatasi ketergantungan terhadap energi fosil tersebut. Salah satu upayauntuk menurunkan ketergantungan pada energi fosil adalah untuk menemukan sumber energi terbarukan. Mikroalga memiliki potensi besar sebagai sumber energi terbarukan karena memiliki keuntungan dari produktivitas tinggi. Pengembangan biomasa mikroalga sebagai sumber energi terbarukan terkendala oleh tingginya biaya produksi dan nilai rendah APM (rasio energi bersih) dibandingkan dengan biomasa lainnya, seperti kelapa sawit ataupun umbi-umbian. Studi literatur menunjukkan bahwa metode perhitungan APM pada produksi biodiesel belum menyertakan variabel lingkungan. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi nilai-nilai APM sebelum dansesudah penambahan variabel komoditas lingkungan yang terdiri dari biaya sosial, lingkungan dan penggunaan lahan. Hasil nilai NER dihitung dengan menggunakan LCA yang ada dan metode LCAmodifikasi yang ditemukan 0,62 ± 0078 dan 0,60 ± 0,075 untuk biodiesel alga dan 4,17 ± 0,79 dan 3,22 ± 0,61 untuk biodiesel sawit. Nilai yang lebih rendah dari perbedaan nilai APM untuk biomassaalga menunjukkan bahwa produksi biodiesel dari biomassa alga lebih ramah lingkungan. Selain itu, diperkirakan bahwa mikroalga akan memiliki kontribusi yang signifikan dalam mitigasi gas rumahkaca (GRK) dengan mengganti bahan bakar fosil. Kata kunci: rasio energi, analisa siklus hidup, komoditas lingkungan, mikroalga, biodiesel

Utilization of pomegranate waste-peel as a novel substrate for biodiesel production by Bacillus cereus (MF908505)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1199-1207
Author(s):  
Amruta P. Kanakdande ◽  
Chandrahasya N. Khobragade ◽  
Rajaram S. Mane
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Energy Needs

The continuous rising demands and fluctuations in the prices of fossil fuels warrant searching for an alternative renewable energy source to manage the energy needs.

scholarly journals Comparative Biodiesel Production Potential of Food Waste Oils as Renewable Energy Source

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Bakar Muhammad ◽  
Zaffar Mehmood ◽  
Muhammad Farooq Hussain Munis ◽  
Hassan Javed Chaudhary ◽  
Tariq Masud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Waste Oils

scholarly journals Waste rubber seeds as a renewable energy source: direct biodiesel production using a controlled crushing device

RSC Advances ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 2094-2101
Author(s):  
Juliati Br. Tarigan ◽  
Raini Anggraini ◽  
Ryan Pratama Sembiring ◽  
Minto Supeno ◽  
Kerista Tarigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Direct Transesterification ◽  
Waste Rubber

A multistep and high-cost biodiesel production could be simplified using the direct transesterification (DT) method.

scholarly journals Towards a Renewable Energy Source Cadastre—A Review of Examples from around the World

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 8095
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bieda ◽  
Agnieszka Cienciała
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Climate Crisis

In the age of the impending climate crisis, and further forecast ecological catastrophes, humankind has begun to think with growing interest about replacing existing energy sources with renewable ones. An increasing number of people have begun to discuss the need to implement registries that collect information about the energy potential of specific parts of the environment we live in. Additionally, the simultaneous registration of installations used for obtaining energy from alternative sources is desirable. In addition to quantitative attributes, such databases should also contain comprehensive spatial information. Since, in the era of globalization, the creation of such databases ought to be standardized, the purpose of this study is to indicate the directions in which the cadastre of renewable energy sources should be developed by: (i) reviewing the solutions of renewable energy sources that have been described in the scientific literature; (ii) analyzing the content of selected geoportals containing data on renewable energy sources. The literature review was preceded by a detailed bio-metric analysis, whereas the content analysis of the geoportals led to the creation of a flow chart containing a proposal for a renewable energy source cadastre, and a ranking of the analyzed portals. Nevertheless, the conceptual work was limited to the solar cadastre only.

scholarly journals GENERALIZED APPROACH FOR FEASIBILITY STUDY OF HYBRID SYSTEMS WITH RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

2018 ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Ivan Bachev ◽  
Boris Demirkov ◽  
Ludmil Stoyanov ◽  
Vladimir Lazarov ◽  
Zahari Zarkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Energy Exchange ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Wind Generators ◽  
Photovoltaic Generators

The purpose of this work is to assess the energies produced by a hybrid system composed of photovoltaic generators and wind turbines. This study aims to develop a method, which could facilitate the sizing of photovoltaic and wind generators in a given hybrid system. The proposed method could also help with the sizing of storage devices in the hybrid system, which provide energy for the consumer in moments when the primary renewable energy source is lacking or for sizing the energy exchange with the grid.

Net Energy for Concentrated Solar Power in Chile

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Escobar ◽  
Teresita Larrain
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Continuous Operation ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power

The Chilean Energy Policy calls for 15 percent of new power generation capacity to come from renewable energy sources from 2006 to 2010, and then a 5% of electric energy generated from renewable energy sources with gradual increases in order to reach 10% by 2024. Neither the government nor the power generation sector plans mention solar energy to be part of the renewable energy initiative. Part of this apparent lack of interest in solar energy might be due to the absence of a valid solar energy database, adequate for energy system planning activities. Monthly means of solar radiation are used in order to estimate the solar fraction for a 100 MW plant for four given locations. Our analysis considers two cases: operation during sunlight hours, and continuous operation during 24 hours a day. A net energy analysis for concentrated solar power (CSP) plants in Chile is then performed, considering the energy costs of manufacturing, transport, installation, operation and decommissioning. The results indicate that the CSP plants are a net energy source in three of the four locations, when operating in sunlight-only mode. This is due to the lower radiation levels available at that location, which implies a high fossil fuel back-up fraction. In the continuous operation mode, the CSP plants become fossil fuel plants with solar assistance, and therefore all locations display negative net energy. Based on this result, the back-up fraction required for the plants to be net energy sources is estimated from the EROEI as function of the back-up fraction. It is estimated that the net energy analysis is a useful tool for determining under which conditions a CSP plant becomes a net energy source, and thus can be utilized in order to define geographical locations and operation conditions where they can be considered renewable energy sources.

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