scholarly journals Edwin Borchard’s Innocence Project

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-146
Author(s):  
Marvin Zalman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Wrongful Conviction ◽  
Wrongful Convictions ◽  
Legal Scholarship ◽  
Progressive Movement ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Innocence Project ◽  
Compensation Law

The article recognizes the life and work of Edwin Montefiore Borchard, the founder of US innocence scholarship, as fitting for the Wrongful Conviction Law Review’s inaugural issue. The sources of his scholarship are located in his life and times in the early twentieth century US Progressive movement. The links between Borchard's other legal scholarship and his wrongful conviction writings are explained. Borchard's writings and advocacy leading to his main work, Convicting the Innocent, and passage of the federal exoneree compensation law are described. The article concludes that Borchard's lasting legacy is to refute innocence denial, a deeply help belief that wrongful convictions never occur or are vanishingly rare. 

scholarly journals What the Progressives Had in Common

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen Gendzel
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New York University ◽  
Progressive Movement ◽  
Core Theme ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The 1960S

When Professor Benjamin Parke De Witt of New York University sat down to write the first history of the progressive movement in 1915, he promised “to give form and definiteness to a movement which is, in the minds of many, confused and chaotic.” Apparently it was a fool's errand, because confusion and chaos continued to plague historians of early twentieth-century reform long after Professor De Witt laid his pen to rest. The maddening variety of reform and reformers in the early twentieth century has perpetually confounded historians' efforts to identify what, if anything, the progressives had in common. Back in the 1950s, Richard Hofstadter charitably allowed that progressives were “of two minds on many issues,” whereas Arthur Link argued that “the progressive movement never really existed” because it pursued so many “contradictory objectives.” In the 1960s, Robert Wiebe concluded that the progressives, if they constituted a movement at all, showed “little regard for consistency.” In the 1970s, Peter Filene wrote an “obituary” for progressivism by reasserting Link's claim that the movement had “never existed” because it was so divided and diffuse. In the 1980s, Daniel Rodgers tried to recast the “ideologically fluid” progressive movement as a pastiche of vaguely related rhetorical styles. By the 1990s, so many competing characterizations of progressivism had emerged that Alan Dawley wondered if “they merely cancel each other out.” In 2002, Glenda Elizabeth Gilmore declared emphatically that “historians cannot agree” on progressivism. In 2010, Walter Nugent admitted that “the movement's core theme has been hard to pin down” because progressivism had “many concerns” and “included a wide range of persons and groups.”

Rape and Wrongful Conviction

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-56
Author(s):  
Matthew Barry Johnson
Keyword(s):  
National Registry ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Acquaintance Rape ◽  
Moral Outrage ◽  
Wrongful Conviction ◽  
Wrongful Convictions ◽  
Victim Status ◽  
Investigation Methods ◽  
Innocence Project

This chapter focuses on the concentration of rape cases among confirmed wrongful convictions. How stranger rape differs from date and acquaintance rape with regard to the risk of wrongful conviction is presented. Innocence Project and National Registry of Exonerations data are examined as well as case illustrations. The chapter examines the pressures on law enforcement authorities and the role of primary evidence, secondary evidence, black box investigation methods, the continuum of intentionality, and victim status in stranger rape. In addition, a stranger rape thesis is presented to distinguish the unique challenges faced in the investigation of “stranger rape. The moral outrage associated with stranger rape produces a great demand on police for arrests and convictions yet reliable identification of the perpetrator is compromised in stranger rape.

Middle-Class Voters and Progressive Reform: The Conflict of Class and Culture

1974 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 488-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger E. Wyman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Reform Movements ◽  
Progressive Movement ◽  
Progressive Reform ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
General Elections ◽  
Base Of Support

The middle-class character of the leadership of American reform movements has been well established. While leaders of the progressive movement in early twentieth-century America also conform to this pattern, the nature of the voting base of support for progressivism has not yet been established. The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to examine whether or not middle-class voters supported progressive candidates at the polls; and secondarily, to test the relative strength of cultural factors (i.e., ethnicity and religion) versus class considerations as determinants of voting behavior in the early twentieth century. The results demonstrate that, at least in the key progressive state of Wisconsin, middle-class voters failed to support progressive candidates in either general or primary elections; to the contrary, they provided the bulwark of support for conservative opponents of reform. Using bi-variate and partial correlational analysis, the paper also shows that ethnocultural factors remained as the most powerful determinant of voter choice among urban voters in general elections, but that class considerations often proved more influential in motivating voters in primary election contests.

How California Turned Blue

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-128
Author(s):  
Kenneth P. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Republican Party ◽  
Party System ◽  
The State ◽  
Progressive Movement ◽  
Deep Blue ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Total Control ◽  
Democratic Control ◽  
The 1950S

This chapter describes California’s transformation into a deep blue state. For many years, the Republican Party was the dominant force in California politics. Yet the state was never overwhelmingly conservative. It was a leader of the national Progressive movement of the early twentieth century and for decades continued to support a range of liberal policies even under Republican governors. Democrats began to gain ground in the 1950s and the two parties were highly competitive in the four decades between 1958 and 1998. In the 1990s, California began to shift from a competitive two-party system to Democratic control. Changes in the state’s demographics, economy, and culture contributed to this transformation. Once the parties polarized along ideological lines, California more naturally aligned with the party of the left. Democrats have now gained near total control over California, making it the nation’s most consequential blue state.

Some Polish Composers of To-Day

Tempo ◽  
1948 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Andrzej Panufnik
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Fertile Soil ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Progressive Group ◽  
Karol Szymanowski

It is ten years since KAROL SZYMANOWSKI died at fifty-four. He was the most prominent representative of the “radical progressive” group of early twentieth century composers, which we call “Young Poland.” In their manysided and pioneering efforts they prepared the fertile soil on which Poland's present day's music thrives.

V1214: Edward Loughborough Keyes: An Early Twentieth Century Leader In Urology

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 320-320
Author(s):  
Peter J. Stahl ◽  
E. Darracott Vaughan ◽  
Edward S. Belt ◽  
David A. Bloom ◽  
Ann Arbor
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Twentieth Century

New insights into the controversy surrounding marine biological laboratory (Marine Station) facilities in the Firth of Clyde in the early twentieth century

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
P. G. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Marine Biological Laboratory ◽  
Biological Station ◽  
Marine Biological ◽  
Biological Laboratory ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Marine Station ◽  
Regius Professor ◽  
Adjacent Island

Three letters from the Sheina Marshall archive at the former University Marine Biological Station Millport (UMBSM) reveal the pivotal significance of Sheina Marshall's father, Dr John Nairn Marshall, behind the scheme planned by Glasgow University's Regius Professor of Zoology, John Graham Kerr. He proposed to build an alternative marine station facility on Cumbrae's adjacent island of Bute in the Firth of Clyde in the early years of the twentieth century to cater predominantly for marine researchers.

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