scholarly journals Az egyház mint egykori birtokos a magyar helynevekben

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bölcskei
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Time Space ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hungarian Language ◽  
Place Naming ◽  
The Church

Hungarian place names reflecting former ecclesiastical possession. Summary of a habilitation dissertation The dissertation discusses the linguistic and onomastic features of a culturally motivated name type, i.e. place names reflecting (former) ecclesiastical possession. With the advent and spread of Christianity in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary, buildings and estates belonging to the Church were erected and named accordingly. Many such place names have been preserved to the present day and new ones could also emerge based on analogy. The first chapter of the thesis describes how the changes in the geographical landscape influenced the contemporary linguistic landscape and, eventually, the place naming patterns of the language. Chapter Two focuses on the historical background: how the church system and the institutions of the monastic orders were established in Medieval Hungary and sustained in later centuries. Chapter Three enumerates the sources from which the relevant place names were gathered and explains the setup of the database that served as a basis of the analysis. Chapter Four provides a comprehensive description of the collected name forms with respect to lexical, morphological, syntactic, motivational and denotative features, according to the classical periods in the history of the Hungarian language. Chapter Five discovers the trends in the development of the name forms concerning time, space and use. The dissertation adopts the viewpoint and ideas popularized in place name studies by functional cognitive linguistics.

Conclusions

2020 ◽  
pp. 240-258
Author(s):  
Mary E. Sommar
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Church History ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
General Reader ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specialist Knowledge ◽  
Church Law ◽  
The Church ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Insight Into

This is the story of how the church sought to establish norms for slave ownership on the part of ecclesiastical institutions and personnel and for others’ behavior toward such slaves. Chronicles, letters, and other documents from each of the various historical periods, along with an analysis of the various policies and statutes, provide insight into the situations of these unfree ecclesiastical dependents. Although this book is a serious scholarly monograph about the history of church law, it has been written in such a way that no specialist knowledge is required of the reader, whether a scholar in another field or a general reader interested in church history or the history of slavery. Historical background is provided, and there is a short Latin lexicon. This chapter summarizes the conclusions drawn in earlier chapters and provides a brief overview of the question of ecclesiastical servitude up to the twentieth century.

Carolingians and Ecclesiastical Servitude

2020 ◽  
pp. 154-189
Author(s):  
Mary E. Sommar
Keyword(s):  
Church History ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
British Isles ◽  
General Reader ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specialist Knowledge ◽  
Church Law ◽  
The Church ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Insight Into

This is the story of how the church sought to establish norms for slave ownership on the part of ecclesiastical institutions and personnel and for others’ behavior toward such slaves. Chronicles, letters, and other documents from each of the various historical periods, along with an analysis of the various policies and statutes, provide insight into the situations of these unfree ecclesiastical dependents. Although this book is a serious scholarly monograph about the history of church law, it has been written in such a way that no specialist knowledge is required of the reader, whether a scholar in another field or a general reader interested in church history or the history of slavery. Historical background is provided, and there is a short Latin lexicon. This chapter discusses slavery in the Carolingian Empire (c. 750–900) and includes an overview of slavery in the British Isles in the first Christian millennium.

The Slaves of the Churches

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Sommar
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Canon Law ◽  
Church History ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specialist Knowledge ◽  
Church Law ◽  
The Church

This is the story of how the church sought to establish norms for slave ownership on the part of ecclesiastical institutions and personnel and for others’ behavior toward such slaves. The story begins in the New Testament era, when the earliest Christian norms were established, and continues through the late Roman Empire, the Germanic kingdoms, and the Carolingian Empire, to the thirteenth-century establishment of a body of ecclesiastical regulations (canon law) that would persist into the twentieth century. Chronicles, letters, and other documents from each of the various historical periods, along with an analysis of the various policies and statutes, provide insight into the situations of these unfree ecclesiastical dependents. The book stops in the thirteenth century, which was a time of great changes, not only in the history of the legal profession, but also in the history of slavery as Europeans began to reach out into the Atlantic. Although this book is a serious scholarly monograph about the history of church law, it has been written in such a way that no specialist knowledge is required of the reader, whether a scholar in another field or a general reader interested in church history or the history of slavery. Historical background is provided, and there is a short Latin lexicon.

scholarly journals English Influence on Linguistic Landscape of Modern Russian Cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Svetlana Pitina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Urban Place ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
City Space ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Place Naming ◽  
Modern Russian

This paper provides an integral cognitive and language and cultural study of linguistic landscape diversity which is of a particular interest from the viewpoint of multilingualism expansion. The research aims to outline and analyze peculiarities of English influence on the modern urban space of Russian cities. This paper puts forward and confirms the hypothesis that English influence on linguistic landscape of the three modern Russian cities is a regular process in commercial place naming, that it is realized in various ways in different types of ergonyms to meet the demands of customers. Local city space is seen as a complex system from the point of view of language and cultural studies. Local urban naming is analyzed on the material of about 1,000 partially or completely anglicized names of language centers, tourist agencies and book shops of Yekaterinburg, Saint-Petersburg and Chelyabinsk retrieved from official websites. The data analysis has shown the existence of both general tendencies in forming urban commercial place names and realization of regional consciousness in naming. The findings prove that nomination processes in urban naming combine local and global tendencies. One of the main universal tendencies of naming is urban globalization realized in the English influence on the modern linguistic landscape in general and on the urban place names in particular. It is shown that English influence (Anglicization) is realized in glocalization, the coexistence of English and local characteristics of Russian urban place names. Anglicization tendencies and mechanisms include language fashion and creativity. The study reveals patterns of borrowing, codeswitching and language interplay. It is illustrated that blending, transliteration from English into Russian, usage of hybrid words and expressions are characteristic of the analyzed minor place names.

Oak Point or Dog Point?

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-116
Author(s):  
Nathalie Dajko
Keyword(s):  
Personal Identity ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Place Making ◽  
History Of ◽  
Place Naming ◽  
The Town ◽  
Do So

Chapter Six confirms the findings of chapter Five, via an examination of the dispute over the name of the town that is either Pointe au Chien or Pointe aux Chênes. Place naming is an important part of place-making: those who name a place are the authentic stewards of the place. The chapter traces the history of the confusion and shows that the long-standing dispute seems to pattern along ethnic lines today. However, via an examination of many factors, including the linguistic landscape, storytelling, and a consideration of semantics, it becomes clear that both groups lay claim to the same space, using the same means to do so. Because place is so closely tied to personal identity, the competing goals of the two sub-groups results in the need to characterize the place differently. The dispute over the name is not a dispute over boundaries or stewardship, but rather over characterization.

The Classical Canon Law

2020 ◽  
pp. 190-239
Author(s):  
Mary E. Sommar
Keyword(s):  
Canon Law ◽  
Church History ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specialist Knowledge ◽  
Church Law ◽  
The Church ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Insight Into

This is the story of how the church sought to establish norms for slave ownership on the part of ecclesiastical institutions and personnel and for others’ behavior toward such slaves. Chronicles, letters, and other documents from each of the various historical periods, along with an analysis of the various policies and statutes, provide insight into the situations of these unfree ecclesiastical dependents. Although this book is a serious scholarly monograph about the history of church law, it has been written in such a way that no specialist knowledge is required of the reader, whether a scholar in another field or a general reader interested in church history or the history of slavery. Historical background is provided, and there is a short Latin lexicon. This chapter discusses ecclesiastical slavery in the eleventh through thirteenth centuries and provides an in-depth analysis of the official canon law relevant to the question of ecclesiastical servitude.

Slavery in the Early Church

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-63
Author(s):  
Mary E. Sommar
Keyword(s):  
Church History ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Early Church ◽  
General Reader ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specialist Knowledge ◽  
Church Law ◽  
The Church ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Insight Into

This is the story of how the church sought to establish norms for slave ownership on the part of ecclesiastical institutions and personnel and for others’ behavior toward such slaves. Chronicles, letters, and other documents from each of the various historical periods, along with an analysis of the various policies and statutes, provide insight into the situations of these unfree ecclesiastical dependents. Although this book is a serious scholarly monograph about the history of church law, it has been written in such a way that no specialist knowledge is required of the reader, whether a scholar in another field or a general reader interested in church history or the history of slavery. Historical background is provided, and there is a short Latin lexicon. This chapter discusses slavery in the first three centuries of Christianity.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mary E. Sommar
Keyword(s):  
Church History ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
General Reader ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specialist Knowledge ◽  
Church Law ◽  
The Church ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Insight Into

This is the story of how the church sought to establish norms for slave ownership on the part of ecclesiastical institutions and personnel and for others’ behavior toward such slaves. Chronicles, letters, and other documents from each of the various historical periods, along with an analysis of the various policies and statutes, provide insight into the situations of these unfree ecclesiastical dependents. Although this book is a serious scholarly monograph about the history of church law, it has been written in such a way that no specialist knowledge is required of the reader, whether a scholar in another field or a general reader interested in church history or the history of slavery. Historical background is provided, and there is a short Latin lexicon. This chapter introduces the question and considers some methodological issues.

Slavery in the Imperial Church

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-106
Author(s):  
Mary E. Sommar
Keyword(s):  
Church History ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
General Reader ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specialist Knowledge ◽  
Church Law ◽  
The Church ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Insight Into

This is the story of how the church sought to establish norms for slave ownership on the part of ecclesiastical institutions and personnel and for others’ behavior toward such slaves. Chronicles, letters, and other documents from each of the various historical periods, along with an analysis of the various policies and statutes, provide insight into the situations of these unfree ecclesiastical dependents. Although this book is a serious scholarly monograph about the history of church law, it has been written in such a way that no specialist knowledge is required of the reader, whether a scholar in another field or a general reader interested in church history or the history of slavery. Historical background is provided, and there is a short Latin lexicon. This chapter discusses slavery in the church from Constantine to the end of the fifth century.

scholarly journals Metsepole Livonians from the 14th to the 17th century

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-60
Author(s):  
Aldur Vunk
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Population History ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Linguistic Identity ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
History Of

The topic of this paper is the history of Metsepole Livonians (later called Salaca Livonians) from the 14th to the 17th century. The paper refers to academic works from the 17th (by Thomas Hiärn) and later centuries dealing with the linguistic borders of Livonians in Salaca Parish. Also considered are rarely used papers such as the research by Manfred von Vegesack, who has investigated the population history of Livonians in the northern part of Vidzeme through place names found in church registers, ploughland revisions, revenue district registers etc. Information from some sources that have not been used before is presented here as well. As a result of different historical processes, the identity of Metsepole Livonians gradually weakened from the 14th to the 17th century. Livonian linguistic identity faded due to both the loss of its ancient status and the area of communication that expanded in the Middle Ages and the modern age. The number of language users became a strong precondition for the expansion of the area of use of a language, and there was not a vast number of Livonians. The history of these Finno-Ugric people is unusual due to the historical background of Livonia, but there are similarities in the rules of preservation of languages worldwide.Kokkuvõte. Aldur Vunk: Metsepole liivlased 14.–17. sajandil. Artikli teemaks on Metsepole liivlaste (hiljem tuntud kui Salatsi liivlased) ajalugu 14.–17. sajandil. Käesoleva artikli maht ei võimaldanud kirjeldada Metsepole maakonna kujunemist ja selle ümberkujundamist Riia peapiiskopkonna kui riigi rajamise käigus 13. sajandil. Samuti kirjalike allikate kaudu paremini dokumenteeritud Salatsi liivlaste viimaste keelesaarte kahanemist 18. ja eriti 19. sajandil. Need teemad koos Salatsi liivlaste nimede teemaga on osadeks juba ettevalmistamisel olevale terviklikumale käsitlusele. Artikkel toetub akadeemilistele kirjutistele alates 17. sajandist (T. Hiärn) ja hilisemast ajast, kus kirjeldatakse liivlaste keelepiiri Salatsi kihelkonnas, samuti harvakasutatud Manfred von Vegesacki tööle, kes uuris Vidzeme põhjaosa rahvastikulugu kirikuraamatute, adramaarevisjonide, vakuraamatute ja muude omaaegsete allikate põhjal. Artikli koostamisel on kasutatud ka allikaid, mis seni olid läbi töötamata. Mitmesuguste ajalooliste protsesside tulemusel on Metsepole liivlaste identiteet 14. sajandist 17. sajandini oluliselt nõrgenenud. Põhjused keelelise identiteedi hääbumiseks on olnud nii liivlaste muinasaegse staatuse kadumine kui ka keskajal ja uusajal avardunud suhtluspiirkond, mille tõttu keelte kasutajate arv muutus oluliseks teguriks. Liivlasi polnud kuigi arvukalt ja nad olid oma tegevusaladest tulenevalt valmis omandama teisi keeli. 16. ja 17. sajandil alanud kirjakeelte loomise ja talurahvakoolide võrgu rajamise ajaks oli liivi keel jäänud vähemuskeeleks. Samuti ei leidunud piisavalt haritlasi, kes selles keeles kirjavara oleksid loonud. Selle soomeugri hõimu ajalugu on küll omapärane Liivimaa ajaloolise tausta tõttu, kuid keele hääbumise põhjustanud asjaolud on sarnased teistegi kadunud keelte omadega palju laiemas kontekstis.Märksõnad: Metsepole liivlased, Salatsi liivlased, liivi keel, Vana-Liivimaa, Vidzeme, Lemsalu, Vainiži, koolid, maakeelsed trükised, Salatsi kihelkonna mõisad, 17. sajandi vakusedKubbõvõttõks. Aldur Vunk: Metsepole līvlizt 14.–17. āigastsadā āigal. Kēra temātõks um Mõtsāpūol līvlizt (obbõm tundtõd kui Salāts līvlizt) istōrij 14.–17. āigastsadā āigal. Kēra alīzõks ātõ akādēmilizt kēratõkst 17. āigastsadāst (T. Hiärn) ja obāzõmõst āigast, kus kēratõb iļ līvlizt kīeležā Salāts pagāsts. Nei īž um kēra alīzõks Manfred von Vegesack tīe, mis tuņšliz Vidzeme pūojrov luggõ pivākuodārōntõd, addõrmōrevīzijd, vakrōntõd ja munt ovātõd abkõks. Sīe kēra kubbõpanmizõks attõ kȭlbatõd ka seļļizt ovātõd, mis attõ siedaigsōņõ īenõd tuņšlõmõt. Setsuglimizt istōrij suggimizt pierāst um Mõtsāpūol līvlizt eņtštīedami 14.–17. āigastsadā āigal nõŗkõn. Kīelliz eņtštīedamiz vōrgimiz pūojõks vȯļțõ nei līvlizt muinizaigiz kȭrda mȭitantimi kui ka kubsõkēmizarā ovārtimi sidāmtāigal ja ūžāigal. Līvlizt lug iz ūo sūr ja ne vȯļțõ vaļmõd oppõm mūḑi kēļi. Kērakīeld lūomiz ja talrovskūolõd võrgõ pūojtimiz īrgandõksõks 16. ja 17. āigastsadā āigal vȯļ līvõ kīelstõ īend veitimit kīelkõks. Nei īž iz täut opātõd rovžti, kis vȯlkstõ sīes kīels lūond kēravillõ. Sīe sūomõ-ugrõ rov istōrij um set Līvõmō istōrijs eņtšvīți.

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