scholarly journals A Predication Analysis of Korean Numeral Classifier Constructions

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (null) ◽  
pp. 65-99
Author(s):  
박종언
Keyword(s):  
Numeral Classifier

Variation in Classifier Languages

2020 ◽  
pp. 255-305
Author(s):  
Li Julie Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Variation ◽  
Classifier Languages ◽  
Bare Nouns ◽  
Bare Nominal ◽  
The One ◽  
Numeral Classifier ◽  
Nominal Arguments

Chapter 5 develops a uniform account of bare nominal arguments (i.e., bare numeral classifier phrases, bare classifier phrases, bare nouns) in classifier languages. It achieves that by extending the scope of discussion to more classifier languages. It starts with three points on which Mandarin and Nuosu Yi differ and which make this comparison interesting from the perspective of building a theory of cross-linguistic variation. Their differences are: (i) whether or not they have the function category D in their grammar, (ii) whether or not they freely allow numeral-less classifier phrases to appear in argument positions, as a result of applying covert argument formation operations unrestrictedly, and (iii) whether or not they allow one-deletion from the [one Cl N] phrase in the PF. Three parameters based on these differences account for the variation.

Bare Numeral Classifier Phrases and Bare Nouns in Mandarin

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-156
Author(s):  
Li Julie Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Number Marking ◽  
Universal Properties ◽  
Bare Nouns ◽  
Numeral Classifier

Chapter 2 examines Mandarin numeral classifier phrases. It begins with a discussion of a list of tendentially universal properties of numeral-noun phrases in number marking languages (NMLs) like English and French and argues for a D-less analysis of them. It then shows that although numeral containing phrases in Mandarin differ a great deal from those in NMLs in the internal nominal domain, their scope behavior, interpretations, and distribution are rather similar to those of NMLs. It argues that the D-less analysis of numeral-noun phrases in NMLs can be extended to Mandarin numeral classifier phrases and further argues for a kind-referring analysis of Mandarin bare nouns. The proposed analysis of numeral classifier phrases correctly predicts the scope behavior of bare nouns in Mandarin and allows us to account for its numeral-less classifier phrases. This chapter concludes that it is not necessary to stipulate an empty D in Mandarin

Numeral Classifiers Used in the Cookbooks

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Nadra Nadra ◽  
Sri Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Numeral Classifiers ◽  
Numeral Classifier ◽  
Volume Size ◽  
Individual Objects

<p>This article is aimed at describing numeral classifier used in the cookbooks. The data were collected through the observation, which is observation of the cookbooks. Through the observation, the data related to numeral classifier are tapped. Besides, noting technique is also used. The analysis of data is done by using “<em>intralingual</em> <em>identity method”</em>. Furthermore, “<em>referential identity method” </em>is also used. The study is done by looking at the reference of numeral classifier.  Based on the data analysis, there are three types of numeral classifier used in the cookbooks, namely numeral classifier for individual objects, collective numeral classifier, and numeral classifier for size. Of the three numeral classifiers, numeral classifier for size (mensural classifier) is widely used. This is caused by the fact that in cooking, size is very important in order the food taste delicious. Numeral classifier for size can be divided into three types, namely, numeral classifier for weight measure, numeral classifier for length size or footage, and numeral classifier for volume size. The most widely used is numeral classifier for volume size, namely eleven forms. However, in terms of occurrence, numeral classifier for weight size is dominantly used.</p>

Nominal Arguments and Language Variation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Julie Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Investigation ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Language Variation ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Prima Facie ◽  
Number Marking ◽  
Classifier Languages ◽  
Numeral Classifier ◽  
Nominal Arguments

This book investigates nominal arguments in classifier languages. A long-held claim is that classifier languages do not have overt article determiners (D). This book, however, brings to the forefront the theoretical investigation on the typologically unique Nuosu Yi, a classifier language that will be shown to have an overt article determiner. By comparing nominal arguments in Nuosu Yi to those in Mandarin, the book provides a parametric account of variation among classifier languages and extends the account to argument formation in general. This book begins with a detailed examination of bare numeral classifier phrases in Mandarin by comparing them with bare numeral noun phrases in number marking languages, such as English, French, and Russian. The book argues for a unified structure of bare numeral containing phrases with no reference to D across languages as well as for a D-less structure for various types of nominal arguments in Mandarin. It further studies nominal argument formation in Nuosu Yi. The facts from Nuosu Yi essentially alter the landscape of empirical data and constitute an immediate (prima facie) challenge to the proposed analysis of nominal arguments based on the Mandarin data. This book argues that despite the fact that Nuosu Yi has an overt article determiner, this should not force us to change anything about the proposed analysis of nominal arguments. Lastly, the book puts the analysis of Mandarin and Nuosu Yi nominal arguments in a broader, cross-linguistic perspective and develops a parametric account of variation in nominal argument formation in general.

scholarly journals Generic and Specific Numeral Classifier Input and its Relation to Children’s Classifier and Number Learning

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-127
Author(s):  
Natsuki Atagi ◽  
Catherine M. Sandhofer
Keyword(s):  
Picture Books ◽  
Numeral Classifiers ◽  
Developmental Context ◽  
Counting Task ◽  
Numerical Development ◽  
Language And Cognition ◽  
Language Input ◽  
Wordless Picture Books ◽  
Numeral Classifier

Abstract In Japanese, numeral classifiers-or measure words-co-occur with numbers in counting phrases. Th e present study characterized parent numeral classifier use and its relation to children’s classifier acquisition and number learning. Twenty-four Japanese-speaking parents and their two- to six-year-old children viewed and talked about two wordless picture books about counting to each other. Children also participated in a Counting task and Give-N task. Results revealed (1) parents’ classifier use changed in relation to children’s age and classifier use, and (2) parents’ increased use of specific classifiers was uniquely associated with children’s number understanding. These results suggest that aspects of children’s language and numerical development are related to parents’ language input, demonstrating the importance of examining the relation between language and cognition in a developmental context.

scholarly journals DEFINITE DISCOURSE-NEW REFERENCE IN L1 AND L2

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Crosthwaite ◽  
Yuk Yeung ◽  
Xuefei Bai ◽  
Li Lu ◽  
Yeonsuk Bae
Keyword(s):  
First Language ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Complex Syntax ◽  
L1 Data ◽  
L2 Production ◽  
Numeral Classifier ◽  
Crosslinguistic Influence ◽  
Asian Languages ◽  
L1 And L2 ◽  
L1 English

AbstractDefinite discourse-new bridging reference (e.g., a school …the teacher; Clark, 1975) is a complex syntax-pragmatic component of referential movement, one that is subject to relatively opaque form-function contingency compared with forms used for discourse-old reference, and one that is especially prone to crosslinguistic influence. Research shows Asian second language (L2) learners of English struggle to produce bridging reference appropriately, yet little research has been done on the L2 production of bridging in Asian languages. We collected oral picture sequence narrative data from 80 lower-intermediate L2 Mandarin learners from first language (L1) English (+ article, n = 23) and L1 Korean and Japanese (- article, n = 57) backgrounds, alongside equivalent L1 data. Speakers of article-L1s were more likely than those from article-less L1s to use numeral + classifier noun phrases (NPs) for nonbridging referents and demonstrative + classifier NPs when introducing bridging referents, essentially (and infelicitously) using these constructions as de facto English-like indefinite/definite articles in their L2 Mandarin production. Speakers of article-less languages infelicitously marked bridging relations with nonbridging forms. These findings confirm substantial crosslinguistic difficulties for the L2 marking of this complex syntax-pragmatic phenomenon across relatively underexplored L1/L2 pairs.

Numeral Classifier Systems: The Case of Japanese

Language ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 881
Author(s):  
Fritz Serzisko ◽  
Pamela Downing
Keyword(s):  
Classifier Systems ◽  
Numeral Classifier

scholarly journals ANALISIS NOMINAL GROUP EXPERIENTIAL PADA STRUKTUR KALIMAT BAHASA INGGRIS: KAJIAN TATA BAHASA FUNGSIONAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Daliman Daliman
Keyword(s):  
Nominal Group ◽  
Numeral Classifier ◽  
Functional Components

Artikel berjudul “Analisis Nominal Group Experiential Pada Struktur Kalimat Bahasa Inggris” membahas masalah functional components bentuk Nominal Group. Nominal Group memiliki variasi yang dapat meliputi beberapa bentuk kelas kata yang diklasifikasi kedalam fungsional strukturnya dibanding group lainnya. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan, menjelaskan Nominal Group apa yang terdapat pada data dalam artikel berita bisnis BBC dan memunculkan jenis Experiential Roles apa yang terdapat pada Nominal Group tersebut. Teori Nominal Group digunakan untuk menganalisis data dari Halliday (1984), dan Bloor dan Bloor (2004). Metode yang digunakan di artikel ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan menganalisis dan memaparkan data yang diambil dari artikel berita bisnis BBC. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa klasifikasi nominal group yang terdiri dari premodifier dan Head, premodifier tersebut meliputi beberapa unit konstituen seperti: determiner, epithet, deictic, qualifier, numeral, classifier, specifier, dan quantifier, diklasifikasikan ke dalam jenis elemen berbeda sesuai dengan kelas kata yang membentuk premodifier.

scholarly journals Co-Varying Collexeme Analysis of Chinese Classifiers 棵 kē and 株 zhū

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-lun Lu ◽  
Aneta Dosedlová
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Grammatical Category ◽  
Standard Chinese ◽  
Numeral Classifier ◽  
Asian Languages ◽  
Modern Standard ◽  
Chinese Classifiers

The numeral classifier is a grammatical category in plenty of East Asian languages, with Modern Standard Chinese being one of the most widely reported. In Chinese, there are many classifiers that are near-synonymous, meaning that certain classifiers may be interchangeable in certain contexts. However, these classifiers are used with semantically similar nouns, and as a result, the distinction between the various usages is not always clear. In view of this issue, we propose to study near-synonymous classifiers using the co-varying collexeme method and the Euclidean distance, illustrating with 棵 kē and 株 zhū. We report results that not only partially confirm but also complement what has been found in previous raw-frequency-based research.

scholarly journals What Counts in the Acquisition and Attrition of Numeral Classifiers?

2001 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Adult Learners ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Classifier Systems ◽  
Numeral Classifiers ◽  
Acquisition Sequence ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Numeral Classifier

This study compares second language (12) acquisition and attrition sequences of the syntax and semantics of numeral classifier systems in light of considerations of markedness, frequency, and the regression hypothesis. In classifier data elicited from English-speaking adult learners and attriters of two East Asia languages, Japanese and Chinese, we find in the attrition of both languages, in both syntax and semantics, a regression of the acquisition sequence. An implicational semantic scale, the Numeral Classifer Accessibility Hierarchy, cOinciding closely with the relative frequencies of the classifiers in input, appears to provide a path of least resistance for the learning and the loss of the semantic systems.

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