scholarly journals Effects of amino acid preparations on the amino acid composition of the liver of rats under subchronic alcohol intoxication

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-345
Author(s):  
Yu. E. Razvodovsky ◽  
V. Yu. Smirnov ◽  
I. N. Semenenya
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Nitrogen Utilization ◽  
Branched Chain

The effects of complex compositions, containing branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), taurine and tryptophan, on the pool of free amino acids in the liver of rats were studied under the conditions of subchronic alcohol intoxication (SHAI). It was established that SHAI led to the decreased levels of treonine, lysine, oxyproline, arginine, b-alanine, as well as the depletion of the pool of irreplaceable amino acids in the liver of rats. Administration of the composition of BCAA and taurine was found to normalize the ratio of replaceable irreplaceable amino acids, the ratio of glycogenic and ketogenic amino acids, to activate the reaction of nitrogen utilization, and to increase Fisher’s index. The effects of the composition, containing BCAA, taurine and tryptophan, were similar to those of amino acid composition that did not contain tryptophan.

The Effect of Chloride on the Free Amino Acids of Cabbage and Cauliflower Plants

1959 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 160 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Freney ◽  
CC Delwiche ◽  
CM Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Chloride Ion

Data are presented on the amino acid composition of two varieties of Brassica oleracea as influenced by supply of chloride ion to the plant.

CHEMOTAXONOMIC STUDIES OF ANTS: FREE AMINO ACIDS

1969 ◽  
Vol 101 (11) ◽  
pp. 1207-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Vick ◽  
W. A. Drew ◽  
J. Young ◽  
E. J. Eisenbraun
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Automatic Amino Acid Analyzer ◽  
Free Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Amino Acid Analyzer

AbstractExtracts of free amino acids from six species of ants (Pogonomyrmex barbatus (F. Smith), P. occidentalis (Cresson), Tapinoma sessile (Say), Camponotus pennsylvanicus (DeGeer), Conomyrma pyramica (Roger), and Novomessor cockerelli (E. André) were analyzed by thin layer, one and two dimensional paper chromatography, and an automatic amino acid analyzer to determine the potential use of qualitative and (or) quantitative data of the free amino acid composition of ants in taxonomic studies. The results demonstrate that no significant qualitative differences exist, but that the automatic amino acid analyzer may be used to show significant quantitative differences in the free amino acid composition of the ants studied.

scholarly journals FREE AND RELATED AMINO ACIDS IN THE SOILS OF FOREST-STEPPE OF VOLGA REGION AND ITS ROLE

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Sufiya Murtazina ◽  
Liliya Gaffarova ◽  
Malik Murtazin ◽  
Anastasiya Ahrarova
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Basic Amino Acids ◽  
Leached Chernozem

The article presents the results of studying the amino acid composition in the prevailing soils of the region (RT): sod-podzolic, gray forest, brown-gray, leached chernozem. Free and related amino acids are identified, their quantitative indicators are given. A study of the qualitative composition of free amino acids in the soils of the region showed that they are close in the qualitative composition of amino acids, but differ in their quantitative content. The total content of free amino acids is 4-20 mg/kg and increases in the series of soils: sod-medium podzolic, brown-gray, gray forest and leached chernozem. Moreover, there are significant differences in the content of individual groups of free amino acids: in all soils, most of the free amino acids are represented by neutral and basic amino acids (65-80%), much smaller by dicarboxylic (11-29%) and cyclic (5-11%). Easily and hardly hydrolyzable fractions of organic nitrogen are the closest reserves of nitrogen available to plants. Identification of the amino acid composition of these nitrogen fractions showed that the qualitative composition of bound amino acids is almost the same as free. In the studied soils, 19-31% of nitrogen of easily hydrolyzable and 33-60% of nitrogen of hard hydrolyzable fractions are represented by amino acid nitrogen. At the same time, 40-54% of the total amount of nitrogen of amino acids falls on the share of neutral, and 14-28% - on the share of basic amino acids. Their content naturally increases from sod-podzolic to gray soil and to chernozem, both in the composition of easily hydrolyzed and difficultly hydrolyzed fractions, which indicates an improvement in the quality of nitrogen in this direction.

scholarly journals The amino acid composition of cotyledons, testa, embryo and protein fractions of bean seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Ryszard Kosson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Total Amino Acid

The contribution of cotyledons, embryo and testa to the whole seed, was analyzed in the bean cultivar, Wiejska. The total nitrogen content and amino acid composition of morphological parts of the seed were determined. The average amino acid composition of globulins and albumins and the content of free amino acids in seeds of six Polish cultivars were estimated as well. It was found that the embryo contained the highest quantity of total nitrogen and the lowest of protein nitrogen. The exogenous amino acid content in the embryo was higher than in cotyledons and testa. Both albumins and globulins were shown to contain 42% exogenous amino acids. The content of methionine - the first limiting amino acid of bean proteins - did not exceed 0.30% of the total amino acid content in albumins and globulins. Free glutamic and aspartic acids made up more than 60% of the total free amino acids.

scholarly journals Effects of ketone bodies on amino acid metabolism in isolated rat diaphragm

1976 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Palaiologos ◽  
P Felig
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Tissue Content ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Glutamine Production

1. Diaphragms from 48h-starved rats were incubated in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate medium at 37degreesC for 30min and then transferred into new medium and incubated for 1, 2 and 3 h. 2. The amount of free amino acids found at the end of each time of incubation was larger than the amount at the beginning of incubation, indicating that in this system proteolysis is prevailing. 3. The diaphragms was releasing mainly alanine and glutamine into the incubation medium. 4. Within the periods of incubation the release and metabolism of free amino acids was proceeding at a constant rate. 5. Addition of sodium DL-3-hydroxybutyrate decreased the tissue content of several amino acids, among which were tyrosine and phenylalanine, suggesting that proteolysis was decreased by ketone bodies. 6. In the presence of glucose (10mM) and branched-chain amino acids (0.5mM), sodium DL-3-hydroxybutyrate at concentrations of 4 or 6 mM resulted in 30% decrease in tissue alanine content and a 20% decline in alanine release. Release of taurine and glutamine was decreased by 19 and 16% respectively with 6 mM-sodium DL-3-hydroxybutyrate. Addition of sodium acetoacetate (1-3mM) also resulted in a 20-35% decrease in tissue content of alanine, glutamine and taurine and in a 15-24% decrease of alanine and glutamine release. Smaller decreases (less than 15%) in the release of glycine, threonine, proline, serine and aspartate were also observed in the presence of sodium DL-3-hydroxybutyrate or sodium acetoacetate. 7. Substitution of pyruvate (1.0mM) for glucose in the presence of acetoacetate restored alanine and glutamine production to control values. In the presence of acetoacetate, pyruvate also increased the tissue content of aspartate by 77% and decreased the tissue content of glutamate by 30%. 8. It is suggested that in diaphragms from starved rats, ketone bodies (a) in the absence of other substrates inhibit protein catabolism and (b) in the presence of glucose and branched-chain amino acids decrease alanine and glutamine production, by inhibiting glycolysis.

Branched Chain and Aromatic free Amino Acids in Plasma and Skeletal Muscle of uremic Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis and CAPD

1984 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Graziani ◽  
A. Cantaluppi ◽  
S. Casati ◽  
A. Citterio ◽  
C. Ponticelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Metabolism Regulation ◽  
Regular Dialysis Treatment ◽  
Uremic Patients ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Hepatic Protein Synthesis

Plasma and skeletal muscle free amino acids were measured in patients submitted to Hemodialysis (HD) or Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) in order to evaluate the effects of these different dialysis modalities on amino acid pools; the data were compared with those obtained in control subjects and in patients with advanced Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) not submitted to Regular Dialysis Treatment (RDT). Our findings show low intracellular concentrations of VAL, total Branched Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) and TYR in uremic patients treated with CAPD but not in those undergoing HD. The observed differences in muscle amino acid pattern could be well explained by a changed amino acid metabolism regulation in CAPD, possibly related to the sustained hyperinsulinism and to an increased rate of hepatic protein synthesis.

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