Nutritional and Chemical Compositions of The Desert Truffle (Terfezia Claveryi) in Samawa City of Iraq

The present study was conducted to investigate the nutritional and phytochemical composition (amino acids, phenolic compounds) of Terfezia claveryi collected from Samawa city. The macro-Kjeldahl technique was used to determine the crude protein content (N6.25) of the samples. A Soxhlet device was used to determine the crude fat content. The identification of free amino acids and individual phenolic compounds were performed by an amino acid analyzer and High-Performance Liquid chromatography (HPLC). Terfezia claveryi rich in carbohydrates, proteins and low in fat. protein percentage was 17.64%. Terfezia claveryi contain twelve amino acids, nine phenolic compounds, Rutin, Gallic acid, Sinapic acids and Chlorogenic acid were 6479.035, 3737.48, 1263.303, 1151.521 μg/gm identified as the major phenolic compound respectively. The protein content is significantly higher than most vegetables, which can use as a well-balanced diet. Owing to rich amino acids and phenolic profile Terfezia claveryi can be considered as a source of therapeutic agents.

AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF LEAVES OF THREE SPECIES OF ARTEMISIA L. GROWING IN THE ELTON REGION

The results of studies of the qualitative composition and quantitative content of amino acids (AAs) in the leaves of three plant species of the genus Artemisia, widespread in the Elton region, were presented. Protein AAs were determined on an AAA T-339 amino acid analyzer (Czech Republic) after hydrolysis of a sample in 6N HCl at 105 °C for 24 h, free AAs – on an AAA-400 amino acid analyzer (Czech Republic) in a lithium buffer system. The protein AAs amount varied from 66 mg / g in A. lerchiana to 113 mg / g dry weight in A. santonica. 17 AAs were found in composition of these species, aspartic and glutamic acids were dominant. The content of free AAs varied from 4.4 mg / g in A. santonica to 8.3 mg / g dry weight in A. pauciflora. 14 AAs have been identified, among them proline was the predominant free AA. The share of proline was 75-81% of the total free AAs. Among the minor components, 3-4 compounds with a content above 2% dominated. The free AAs contain 3 non-proteinogenic ones (ornithine, citruline, and γ-aminobutyric acid). A. lerchiana and A. pauciflora species were similar in protein and free amino acids, probably due to the same growing conditions. A high level of free proline, together with a complex of biologically active substances in Artemisia species, which grow abundantly in the Elton region, allow to consider the possibility of their use as a medicinal raw material.

Correction of imbalance of essentialaminoacids of blood plasma in Patients with stableangina

Introduction. Ischemic heart disease is the leading nosology calunit in the structure of cardiovascular diseases interms of disability and mortality among the population of Ukraine. The purpose. To improve the treatment of patients with stable angina by studying the effect of L-arginine on the balance of essential amino acids in blood plasma. Material and methods. It was examined 85 patients with stable angina. They were divided into two groups: group Ipatients received antianginal basic therapy, group II patients received basic antianginal therapy and L-arginine. The amino acid spectrum of patients' blood plasma was studied by ion-exchange liquid column chromatography, using an automatic amino acid analyzer T-339 Microtechna (Czech Republic, Prague). Results and discussion. In patients with stable angina who received basic therapy and L-arginine, in contrast to patients who received only basic therapy, plasma levels of arginine became normalized, which probably contributes to the synthesis of NO. The level of valine, leucine and isoleucine, which provide the synthesis of acyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA, became also normalized.Conclusion. Administration of L-arginine to patients with stable angina together with antianginal therapy helps to correct plasma amino acid imbalances, which is likely to effectively affect the course of the disease and prognosis.

Optimasi Proses Hidrolisis Protein Dari Limbah Bulu Ayam

Limbah bulu ayam yang mengandung protein keratin telah direkomendasikan sebagai sumber nutrisi alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk pakan ternak, industri kosmetik, dan industri pupuk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi NaOH terhadap kualitas hidrolisat bulu ayam. Penelitian dilakukan dengan optimasi proses hidrolisis limbah bulu ayam dengan metode basa menggunakan NaOH (rasio 1:6) dengan variasi konsentrasi 5%, 7,5% dan 10% selama 4 jam pada suhu 80ºC. Penentuan rendemen hidrolisat bulu ayam paling optimum dilakukan dengan analisis total protein menggunakan metode Kjeldahl, analisis asam amino dengan menggunakan Amino Acid Analyzer (AAA) dan identifikasi profil protein menggunakan metode Static light scattering (SLS). Hasil optimasi proses hidrolisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa hidrolisat bulu ayam dengan konsentrasi pelarut NaOH 5% menunjukkan hasil optimum dengan rendemen sebesar 70,24% , total protein 62,66 %, total asam amino bebas 39.126 % dan masa molekul protein dengan metode SLS menunjukkan hasil 4,31 kDa.

Evaluation of the Biochemical Composition of Some Cultivable Cichlids (Tilapia Species) in Nigeria

The biochemical composition of three cultured cichlids (Tilapia zilli, Tilapia guineensis and Orechromis aureus) were evaluated and compared. The proximate composition of the cichlids was determined using official methods of analysis, mineral composition was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer and the amino acid composition was analyzed using Amino Acid Analyzer. The proximate composition of the three cultured species of tilapia fish (T. zilli, T. guineensis and O. aureus) indicated that moisture content, crude fat, crude fiber and ash content showed significant difference (p<0.05) among the three species while crude protein and carbohydrate content showed no significant difference (p<0.05) among the three species. The mineral contents such as zinc, magnesium and manganese showed significant difference (p<0.05) among the three species of tilapia (T. zilli, T. guineensis and O. aureus) while sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, phosphorus and copper contents showed no significant difference (p<0.05) among the three species. The amino acid composition showed lysine as the most abundant amino acids present in all the cultured cichlids studied. This shows that these cultured cichlids are highly nutritious and would be of great value to consumers.

Dried blood spot versus venous blood sampling for phenylalanine and tyrosine

BACKGROUND: To investigate agreement between various dried blood spot (DBS) and venous blood sample measurements of phenylalanine and tyrosine concentrations in Phenylketonuria (PKU) and Tyrosinemia type 1 (TT1) patients.STUDY DESIGN: Phenylalanine and tyrosine concentrations were studied in 45 PKU/TT1 patients in plasma from venous blood in lithium heparin (LH) and EDTA tubes; venous blood from LH and EDTA tubes on a DBS card; venous blood directly on a DBS card; and capillary blood on a DBS card. Plasma was analyzed with an amino acid analyzer and DBS were analyzed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Agreement between different methods was assessed using Passing and Bablok fit and Bland Altman analyses. RESULTS: In general, phenylalanine concentrations in LH plasma were comparable to capillary DBS, whereas tyrosine concentrations were slightly higher in LH plasma (constant bias of 6.4 µmol/L). However, in the low phenylalanine range, most samples had higher phenylalanine concentrations in DBS compared to LH plasma. Remarkably, phenylalanine and tyrosine in EDTA plasma were higher compared to all other samples (slopes ranging from 7-12%). No differences were observed when comparing capillary DBS to other DBS.CONCLUSIONS: Overall agreement between plasma and DBS is good. However, bias is specimen- (LH vs EDTA), and possibly concentration- (low phenylalanine) dependent. Because of the overall good agreement, we recommend the use of a DBS-plasma correction factor for DBS measurement. Each laboratory should determine their own factor dependent on filter card type, extraction and calibration protocols taking the LH plasma values as gold standard.

Analysis of Functional Components of Burdock (Arctium lappa root) Standard Water Extract and its Aphrodisiac Effect in Experimental Rats

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that the content of chlorogenic acid in burdock standard water extract (BSWE) was about 1.22and#177;0.07 mg/g and no araciin and arctigenin was detected. The inulin was determined to be 174.33and#177;3.68 mg/g in BSWE by colorimetry method. The amino acids were analyzed by the amino acid analyzer and showed that asparagine and arginine are higher and determined to be 3021.00and#177;13.53mg/100g, 2042.33and#177;8.62mg/100g in BSWE, respectively. The results of aphrodisiac pharmacological experiments showed that the number of riding, insertions and the latency of rats in BSWE groups showed significant differences as compared with control, at the 7th day and 15th day after drug administration. Further study indicated that the aphrodisiac effect of BSWE is mostly associated with its regulation on NO, sialic acid and antioxidative ways and arginine should be one of the active components in BSWE.

Dried blood spot versus venous blood sampling for phenylalanine and tyrosine: a large difference?

BACKGROUND: To investigate agreement between various dried blood spot (DBS) and venous blood sample measurements of phenylalanine and tyrosine concentrations in Phenylketonuria (PKU) and Tyrosinemia type 1 (TT1) patients. STUDY DESIGN: Phenylalanine and tyrosine concentrations were studied in 45 PKU/TT1 patients in plasma from venous blood in lithium heparin (LH) and EDTA tubes; venous blood from LH and EDTA tubes on a DBS card; venous blood directly on a DBS card; and capillary blood on a DBS card. Plasma was analyzed with an amino acid analyzer and DBS were analyzed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Agreement between different methods was assessed using Passing and Bablok fit and Bland Altman analyses. RESULTS: In general, phenylalanine concentrations in LH plasma were comparable to capillary DBS, whereas tyrosine concentrations were slightly higher in LH plasma (constant bias of 6.4 µmol/L). However, in the low phenylalanine range, most samples had higher phenylalanine concentrations in DBS compared to LH plasma. Remarkably, phenylalanine and tyrosine in EDTA plasma were higher compared to all other samples (slopes ranging from 7-12%). No differences were observed when comparing capillary DBS to other DBS. CONCLUSIONS: Overall agreement between plasma and DBS is good. However, bias is specimen- (LH vs EDTA), and possibly concentration- (low phenylalanine) dependent. Because of the overall good agreement, we recommend the use of a DBS-plasma correction factor for DBS measurement. Each laboratory should determine their own factor dependent on filter card type, extraction and calibration protocols taking the LH plasma values as gold standard.

Canine/feline serum or plasma deproteinization for amino acid analysis on Biochrom v1

This protocol describes the deproteinization process that all canine and feline serum and plasma research samples undergo prior to amino acid analysis with a Biochrom 30+ Amino Acid Analyzer at the Gastrointestinal Lab, Texas A&M University. L-norleucine is used as an internal standard.

KADAR ASAM AMINO PADA BERBAGAI KONDISI TELUR ITIK

Duck egg contains amino acids which build globular protein. The protein structure is not stable as it can be changed by temperature, salt concentration and acid or base solvent. Boiled, salty duck egg is consumed mostly compared to other kinds of duck egg. The goal of this research is to determine the amino acids constituent of raw duck egg, raw salty duck egg, boiled duck egg and boiled salty duck egg. Both composition and concentration of amino acids contained in severel types of duck egg are calculated using High Speed Amino Acid Analyzer (HSAAA). HSAAA chromatogram shows that raw duck egg does not contain cysteine while hydroxy lysine is not available in boiled duck egg. However, two other kinds of duck egg have got 18 varieties of amino acids. Total amino acids concentration in salty, raw, boiled and salty boiled egg is 8,45 %; 8,91 %;11,68 % and 15,19 % respectively.