scholarly journals Benthic and Substrate Category Profile of Coral Reef in Labuan Pandan Waters, East Lombok

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Noar Muda Satyawan ◽  
Novita Tri Artiningrum
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Water Conditions ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Lombok Island

Coral reefs are unique ecosystems and only occur in the tropics area. One of the coral reef distribution in Indonesia is Lombok Island. The coral reefs in Lombok Island under degradation conditions caused by natural and human activities. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of the benthic profile and substrate of coral reefs in the Labuhan Pandan waters, Eastern Lombok. Observations were conducted in March 2019 at 5 stations using the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method. The results showed that in general benthic coral reefs were dominated by Acropora Branching (35.40%) then followed by Soft Coral (20.89%), DCA (14.08%), Coral Foliose (11.07%), Rubble (7.36%) and Halimeda (2.77%). The highest percentage of Acropora Branching were found at KND_01 station (63.33%) followed by PTG_01 (49.13%), PTG_02 (31.18%), BDR_01 (21.73%), and PTG_03 (11.00%). The highest DCA percentage was found at BDR_01 station (29.27%) while Soft Coral was found dominant at PTG_02 (47.67%). Halimeda was only found in PTG_02 (1.87%) and PTG_03 (12.00%). Differences in the composition of benthic and substrate may be caused by differences in water conditions at each station.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF CORAL TRANSPLANTATION TECHNOLOGY FOR CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM PROBLEMS IN SALAH NAMA ISLAND, BATUBARA REGENCY

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Ipanna Enggar Susetya ◽  
Desrita ◽  
Zulham Apandy Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Destructive Fishing

Coral reefs are one of the typical ecosystems in coastal areas that have ecological and economicvalue. There are many cases of coral reef damage in Salah Nama Island caused by natural andhuman factors. Coral reefs damage is mostly caused by human activities such as water pollution,destructive fishing and using of ship anchors. Activity of devotion society aims to provideinformation and skills to fishermen groups in Salah Nama Island about coral transplantationtechniques, as well as conducting coral transplantation activities as one of the efforts to preservethe ecosystem of coral reefs. Based on the description of the problems and objectives of devotionsociety, the activities that have been done are counseling to the partner fishermen abouttransplantation and coral benefits in ecosystem, transplantation practice and coral transplantationmonitoring.

scholarly journals The excavating sponge Cliona orientalis as a coral reef competitor’s on Krakatau Islands colonisation, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Singgih Afifa Putra
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Volcanic Complex ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Cliona Orientalis ◽  
Excavating Sponge

The recovery of coral reefs on Krakatau Islands after the destructive eruption in 1883 has been reported in very limited study. Coral reefs began to grow on all islands in the Krakatau volcanic complex, including the highly active volcano island i.e. Anak Krakatau (north to west coast). Survival of coral reefs in the Krakatau Islands influenced by several factors such as predation, diseases, soft coral overgrowth, and also sediment covers. Somehow, sponges as one of killer-competitor of coral reefs have never been reported in the Krakatau Islands.

scholarly journals Coral reef baselines: how much macroalgae is natural?

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F Bruno ◽  
William F Precht ◽  
Peter S Vroom ◽  
Richard B. Aronson
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Baseline Condition ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
Macroalgal Biomass ◽  
Effective Conservation

Identifying the baseline or natural state of an ecosystem is a critical step in effective conservation and restoration. Like most marine ecosystems, coral reefs are being degraded by human activities: corals and fish have declined in abundance and seaweeds, or macroalgae, have become more prevalent. The challenge for resource managers is to reverse these trends, but by how much? Based on surveys of Caribbean reefs in the 1970s, most reef scientists believe that the average cover of seaweed was very low in the natural state. On the other hand, evidence from remote Pacific reefs, ecological theory, and impacts of over-harvesting in other systems all suggest that, historically, macroalgal biomass may have been higher than assumed. Uncertainties about the natural state of coral reefs illustrate the difficulty of determining the baseline condition of even well-studied systems.

scholarly journals KESESUAIAN EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG UNTUK KEGIATAN WISATA SELAM DI NUSA LEMBONGAN, BALI

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Made Ayu Pratiwi ◽  
Ni Made Ernawati ◽  
Ni Putu Putri Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Reef Fish ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Coral Community ◽  
Observation Point ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Suitability Index ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Nusa Lembongan islands, Bali have a potential of coral reef diversity. Coral reefs have both ecological and high economic potential so that they are widely used. The economic benefits of coral reefs make these ecosystems very vulnerable to pressure from human activities. One of these human activities is the use of coral reefs in diving tourism activities. This research aimed to determine suitability and carrying capacity of coral reef ecosystem on Nusa Lembongan Island so that it can be recommended to manage coral reef ecosystem strategies to support the use of diving tourism. This study was conducted on six dive sites as observation points Observations on coral reef ecosystems were carried out using the intercept transect (LIT) method, and reef fish observation was carried out using the fish visual census method. Water quality sampling will be done in situ. Diving suitability was carried out by estimating the tourist suitability index (IKW) of six parameters, namely the brightness of the waters, coral community cover, coral life form, reef fish species, coral reef depth and current. The tourism suitability index value for the diving tourism category obtained was 74.07% (Jack Mangrove); 57.41% (Crystal Bay); and 61.11% (Manta Bay). The value for each observation point is included in the appropriate category of 50% -75%. It can be interpreted, that all observation points which are dive sites in Nusa Lembongan have supported diving tourism activities.Keywords: Tourism Suitability Index; Diving; Nusa lembongan.

scholarly journals CORAL REEF SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION IN WANGI-WANGI ISLAND WATERS, WAKATOBI

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
. Yulius ◽  
Nadya Novianti ◽  
Taslim Arifin ◽  
Hadiwijaya L. Salim ◽  
Muhammad Ramdhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Ecological Functions ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Reef Condition

Coral reefs contribute significant benefits in coastal area in Wangi-wangi Island, Wakatobi in terms of their ecological functions to marine biota and socio-economical services to local coastal communities. Therefore, it is importance to observe coral reef condition and its spatial distribution around Wangi-wangi island waters, Wakatobi. In this study Point Intercept Transect (PIT) and GIS tools were used to observe and analyze coral reef condition in Wangi-wangi island waters, Wakatobi. The results showed that coral reef condition in Wangi-wangi island waters can be categorized into moderate and good conditions with coverage percentage ranging from 28 – 60%. Based on spatial analysis non-acropora coral was found in greater cover percentages in Waha village, Sombu village, and Kapota island than other locations. Soft coral cover percentage was also found in larger cover percentage in Waha and  Sombu regions than other locations. Keywords: coral reefs, geographic information system (GIS), Wangi-wangi Island

scholarly journals The excavating sponge Cliona orientalis as a coral reef competitor’s on Krakatau Islands colonisation, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Singgih Afifa Putra
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Volcanic Complex ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Cliona Orientalis ◽  
Excavating Sponge

The recovery of coral reefs on Krakatau Islands after the destructive eruption in 1883 has been reported in very limited study. Coral reefs began to grow on all islands in the Krakatau volcanic complex, including the highly active volcano island i.e. Anak Krakatau (north to west coast). Survival of coral reefs in the Krakatau Islands influenced by several factors such as predation, diseases, soft coral overgrowth, and also sediment covers. Somehow, sponges as one of killer-competitor of coral reefs have never been reported in the Krakatau Islands.

scholarly journals Diazotroph diversity associated with scleractinian corals and its relationships with environmental variables in the South China Sea

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayuan Liang ◽  
Kefu Yu ◽  
Yinghui Wang ◽  
Xueyong Huang ◽  
Wen Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
South China ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Fringing Reef ◽  
China Sea

Abstract Background: Coral reef ecosystems cannot operate normally without an effective nitrogen cycle. For oligotrophic coral reef areas, coral-associated diazotrophs are indispensable participants in the nitrogen cycle. How coral-associated diazotrophs will change in order to adapt to environmental changes resulting from global warming and human activities is a topic of concern for researchers. To this end, 68 colonies of scleractinian coral were collected from 6 coral reefs areas with different environmental variables in the South China Sea to investigate the composition of associated diazotrophs based on nifH gene amplification using high-throughput sequencing. The six coral reefs can be clearly divided into two types (fringing reefs and island reefs), are affected by varying degrees of human activities and are located at different latitudes from 9°20′06′′N to 22°34′55′′N with different seawater temperatures. Results: Alpha- and beta-diversity analyses showed that the distribution of diazotrophs among coral reefs exhibited greater geographical fluctuations than interspecific fluctuations. The predominant bacterial phyla included Proteobacteria, Chlorobi, Cyanobacteria, and two unclassified phyla. Chlorobi exhibited an abundance of 47–96% in coral samples from the high-latitude Daya Bay fringing reef affected by eutrophication. Unclassified bacteria II, with an abundance of 28–87%, was found in all coral samples from the midlatitude Luhuitou fringing reef affected by eutrophication. However, unclassified bacteria I and Proteobacteria dominated (> 80% abundance) in most of the coral samples from the Weizhou Island fringing reef, which is far from land, and three island reefs (Huangyan Island, Xinyi Reef, and Sanjiao Reef) at relatively low latitudes. At the genus level, some core diazotrophs were found in different coral sample groups. In addition, the correlation analysis with various environmental variables revealed that the variables correlated positively or negatively with different diazotrophic genera. Conclusions: We found that coral-associated diazotrophs were common among coral individuals. The presence of these diazotrophs was not affected by the external environment, but their population abundances were closely related to the different environmental variables. These results provide insights into the ecological characteristics of coral-associated diazotrophs and their relationships with critical environmental variables in the South China Sea.

Coral Reef Cultivation Through Online Donations

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 5352-5359 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fenny Syafariani ◽  
Andri Sahata Sitanggang ◽  
Novrini Hasti
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Structured Approach ◽  
Online Donations

The amount of damage to coral reefs caused by human activities has an enormous impact on human life, then with that there must be conservation of reefs to preserve coral reefs in Indonesia, involve the Department of Fisheries and Maritime must play an important role in providing solutions to these problems. The role of the Institute can be done by conducting the cultivation and supervision of coral reefs. The cultivation can be done by making online donations to coral reefs. That way the community will participate in preserving coral reefs. However, facilities for serving online donations are not yet available, then this research is focused on making the system. The system will serve a donation system through the purchase of coral reefs and implanted by a diver agent at a specified location of coral reefs. This donation system was created using a structured approach in analyzing problems that occur in making the system to be built. The existence of this system will facilitate the community to participate and increase public awareness in cultivating coral reefs.

scholarly journals Coral reef baselines: how much macroalgae is natural?

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F Bruno ◽  
William F Precht ◽  
Peter S Vroom ◽  
Richard B. Aronson
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Baseline Condition ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
Macroalgal Biomass ◽  
Effective Conservation

Identifying the baseline or natural state of an ecosystem is a critical step in effective conservation and restoration. Like most marine ecosystems, coral reefs are being degraded by human activities: corals and fish have declined in abundance and seaweeds, or macroalgae, have become more prevalent. The challenge for resource managers is to reverse these trends, but by how much? Based on surveys of Caribbean reefs in the 1970s, most reef scientists believe that the average cover of seaweed was very low in the natural state. On the other hand, evidence from remote Pacific reefs, ecological theory, and impacts of over-harvesting in other systems all suggest that, historically, macroalgal biomass may have been higher than assumed. Uncertainties about the natural state of coral reefs illustrate the difficulty of determining the baseline condition of even well-studied systems.

scholarly journals CORAL REEF SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION IN WANGI-WANGI ISLAND WATERS, WAKATOBI

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
. Yulius ◽  
Nadya Novianti ◽  
Taslim Arifin ◽  
Hadiwijaya L. Salim ◽  
Muhammad Ramdhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Reef Condition

<p><em>Coral reefs</em><em> contribute significant benefits in coastal area in Wangi-wangi Island, Wakatobi in terms of their ecological function</em><em>s</em><em> </em><em>to</em><em> </em><em>marine</em><em> biota</em><em> and socio-</em><em>econom</em><em>ical services to</em><em> </em><em>local coastal communities</em><em>. </em><em>Therefore, </em><em>it is importance to</em><em> observe </em><em>coral reef condition </em><em>and its </em><em>spatial distribution </em><em>around</em><em> </em><em>Wangi-wangi island</em><em> waters</em><em>, Wakatobi</em><em>. In this study Point Intercept Transect (PIT) and </em><em>GIS tools </em><em>were used to observe and analyze coral reef condition in </em><em>Wangi-wangi island</em><em> waters</em><em>, Wakatobi.</em><em> The results showed that coral reef condition in Wangi-wangi island waters can be categorized into moderate and good conditions with coverage percentage ranging from 28 – 60%.</em> <em>Based on spatial analysis non</em><em>-</em><em>a</em><em>cropora</em><em> coral was found in greater cover percentages in Waha village, Sombu village, and Kapota</em><em> </em><em>island than other</em><em> location</em><em>s. Soft coral cover percentage was also found in larger</em><em> </em><em>cover percentage in Waha and  Sombu regions than other locations.</em></p> <p><strong><em> </em></strong></p> <strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: coral reefs, geographic information system (GIS), Wangi-wangi Island</em>

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