macroalgal biomass
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Author(s):  
Yequan Sheng ◽  
Sabarathinam Shanmugam ◽  
Arunachalam Chinnathambi ◽  
Saleh H. Salmen ◽  
Shengbo Ge ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maéva Brunet ◽  
Nolwen Le Duff ◽  
Tristan Barbeyron ◽  
François Thomas

Macroalgae represent huge amounts of biomass worldwide, largely recycled by marine heterotrophic bacteria. We investigated the strategies of pioneer bacteria within the flavobacterial genus Zobellia to initiate the degradation of fresh brown macroalgae, which has received little attention compared to the degradation of isolated polysaccharides. Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT could use macroalgae as a sole carbon source and extensively degrade algal tissues without requiring physical contact, via the secretion of extracellular enzymes. This indicated a sharing behaviour, whereby pioneers release public goods that can fuel other bacteria. Comparisons of eight Zobellia strains, and strong transcriptomic shifts in Z. galactanivorans cells using fresh macroalgae vs. isolated polysaccharides, revealed potential overlooked traits of pioneer bacteria. Besides brown algal polysaccharide degradation, they notably include stress resistance proteins, type IX secretion system proteins and novel uncharacterized Polysaccharide Utilization Loci. Overall, this work highlights the relevance of studying fresh macroalga degradation to fully understand the niche, metabolism and evolution of pioneer degraders, as well as their cooperative interactions within microbial communities, as key players in macroalgal biomass turnover.


2021 ◽  
pp. 100863
Author(s):  
K.D. González-Gloria ◽  
Rosa M. Rodríguez-Jasso ◽  
Shiva ◽  
E. Aparicio ◽  
Mónica L. Chávez González ◽  
...  

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256838
Author(s):  
John A. Berges ◽  
Allison M. Driskill ◽  
Emily J. Guinn ◽  
Kaytee Pokrzywinski ◽  
Jessica Quinlan ◽  
...  

Si cycling is linked with processes from global carbon sequestration to community composition and is especially important in aquatic ecosystems. Lake Michigan has seen dramatic fluctuations in dissolved silica (dSi) over several decades, which have been examined in the context of planktonic processes (diatom blooms), but the role of benthic organisms (macroalgae and their epiphytes) in Si cycling have not been explored. To assess significance of nearshore benthic algae in Si dynamics, we assembled dSi data from an offshore site sampled since the late 1980’s, and sampled off three Milwaukee beaches during 2005–19. Using colorimetric assays and alkaline digestion, we measured dSi, biogenic silica in particulate suspended material (pSi) and biogenic silica in benthic macroalgae (Cladophora) and epiphytic diatoms (bSi). Offshore, dSi increased about 1 μM per year from 25 μM in the late 1980’s to nearly 40 μM in 2019. Nearshore dSi fluctuated dramatically annually, from near zero to concentrations similar to offshore. Both Cladophora and its epiphytes contained significant bSi, reaching up to 30% of dry mass (300 mg Si g dry mass-1) of the assemblage in summer. Microscopic analyses including localization with a Si-specific-stain and X-ray microanalysis showed bSi in epiphytic diatom cells walls, but the nature and localization of Si in macroalgae remained unclear. A simple model was developed estimating Si demand of algae using the areal macroalgal biomass, growth rates inferred from P-content, and bSi content, and comparing Si demand with dSi available in the water column. This indicated that 7–70% of the dSi in water overlying nearshore benthic algal beds could be removed per day. Key elements of the Si cycle, including which organisms sequester bSi and how rapidly Si is recycled, remain unclear. This work has implications for coastal marine waters where large macroalgal biomass accumulates but bSi content is virtually unknown.


Author(s):  
Minlan Li ◽  
Haozhan Feng ◽  
Xiaokun Ouyang ◽  
Junhong Ling

Abstract Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid natural product with extensive biological activities and offers a variety of health benefits. Brown algae and diatoms are known producers of this compound as an important component of their light-harvesting complexes. Considering its important function in algal photosynthesis, we assume that the massive biomass from macroalgal blooms is potential bioresources of this compound. Accordingly, a high-performance liquid chromatography–ultra-violet (HPLC–UV) method was developed and validated for quantitation of fucoxanthin in bloom-forming macroalgal species from coastal waters of north China. The linear regression was acquired with r = 0.9991. The precisions were evaluated by intra- and inter-day tests, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) values were within the range of 0.59 and 2.30%, respectively. The recoveries for the method were observed over the range of 99.3–100.4% with RSD values < 2.6%. Our results showed that fucoxanthin occurs in all the tested algae including red and green algal species, which are not generally considered as fucoxanthin producers. Application of HPLC–time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the qualitative analysis further confirmed the production of fucoxanthin in these species. The developed method provided an insight into the potential of the macroalgal biomass commercial production of fucoxanthin.


Author(s):  
Guifang Tang ◽  
Yanjun Li ◽  
Paul S. Wills ◽  
Dennis M. Hanisak ◽  
Bing Ouyang
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Panagiotis Tsapekos ◽  
Adam Kovalovszki ◽  
Merlin Alvarado-Morales ◽  
Amata Rudatis ◽  
Panagiotis G. Kougias ◽  
...  

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 649
Author(s):  
Estefanía Noriega-Fernández ◽  
Izumi Sone ◽  
Leire Astráin-Redín ◽  
Leena Prabhu ◽  
Morten Sivertsvik ◽  
...  

The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of ultrasound (US), alone or in combination with mild heating and/or EDTA towards reduction of As, Cd, I, and Hg content of Laminaria hyperborea. Concentrations of As, Cd, I, and Hg of 56.29, 0.596, 7340, and <0.01 mg kg−1 of dry weight, respectively, were found in L. hyperborea blades. Treatment with US at 50 °C increased approx. 2-fold the amount of As released, although did not affect significantly the content of Cd or I, as compared to control (no US) samples. Reducing the temperature to 8 °C significantly decreased the effect of US, but heating at 80 °C did not cause a significant effect as compared to treatments at 50 °C. On the other hand, treatment with 0.1 N EDTA at 50 °C enhanced the percentage of Cd released by approximately 7-fold, regardless of sonication. In the present work, the combination of US and EDTA at 50 °C for 5 min led to a significant reduction of the As (32%), Cd (52%) and I (31%) content in L. hyperborea, thus improving the product’s safety for consumers.


Chemosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 128539
Author(s):  
Ranjit Gurav ◽  
Shashi Kant Bhatia ◽  
Tae-Rim Choi ◽  
Yong-Keun Choi ◽  
Hyun Joong Kim ◽  
...  

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