HIV/AIDS knowledge and stigma among women of reproductive age in Ethiopia

Background: With only less than a decade left till 2030, it is essential to research the burden and trends of women of reproductive age (WRA) mortality in order to design appropriate interventions toward achieving goal three of the sustainable development goals (SDGs), good health and well-being. For several low-income countries, such data are often lacking or sometimes extrapolated from non-representative facility-based studies. In this paper, we presented trends, causes, and determinants of mortality among reproductive-age women under follow-up for 12 years through the Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) located in eastern Ethiopia.Methods: We used 12 years of (2008 to 2019) open cohort data of women aged 15–49 living in Kersa HDSS in Eastern Ethiopia. In the HDSS, data on socio-demographic and basic household conditions are recorded for every household member at enrollment, and data on vital events such as births, deaths, and migration were collected and updated biannually as the event happened. Mortality was determined by automated verbal autopsy (InterVA) algorism. We assessed trends in women's reproductive age mortality and the associated determinants using crude and adjusted Cox regression models.Results: In the 12-years cohort, we followed 74,790 women of reproductive age for 339,909.26 person-years-at-risk of observation (PYO), of whom 919 died. Overall, the standardized mortality rate was 270 per 100,000 PYO. There was a notable increase in mortality in the first 3 years (2009 to 2011) which then declined significantly (p = 0.0001) until 2019. Most of the deaths were caused by HIV/AIDS (27.88%) and pulmonary tuberculosis (10.62%). In the adjusted Cox regression analysis, the hazard of death was higher among rural residents (AHR, 2.03: 95% CI: 1.60–2.58), unemployed women (AHR, 1.50: 95% CI: 1.19–1.89), and women with no formal education (AHR, 1.24: 95% CI: 1.01–1.52).Conclusion: The study showed a high number of women of reproductive age are still dying mainly due to causes for which preventable strategies are known and have been successfully implemented. The study identified that the main causes of death were related to HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis, and there was a higher hazard of mortality among rural residents, unemployed women, and those with no formal education, who need effective implementation in achieving the SDG three.

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SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS AND KNOWLEDGE OF HIV/AIDS AMONG WOMEN IN REPRODUCTIVE AGE OF SINDH-PAKISTAN

Pakistan Journal of Public Health ◽

10.32413/pjph.v8i3.117 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 160-164

Author(s):

Muhammad Irfan ◽

Hira Fatima Waseem ◽

Syed Mustansir Hussain Zaidi

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Demographic Factors ◽

Married Women ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Comprehensive Knowledge ◽

Aids Knowledge ◽

Socio Demographic Factors ◽

Hiv Aids

Background: HIV/AIDS pandemic continues its deadly assault with more than 20 million deaths all around world since first identified case of aids in United States. The main purpose of present study is to determine the prevalence of HIV/AIDS knowledge as well as its association with socio demographic factors among women in reproductive age from Sindh, Pakistan. Methods: Multiple indicator cluster survey (MICS-5) data were obtained from UNICEF. Total 7,863 women (who heard about HIV/AIDS) were included in study. Women with at least 70% correct answers were considered as adequate knowledge. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS version 21.Bivariate analysis was done by Pearson's chi square test while univariate and multivariate analysis was done by using binary logistic regression. Results: We found significant association of HIV.AIDS knowledge with age, marital status, education, area and wealth quintile index. Women with age 15-25 and 26-35 years are less likely to have HIV/AIDS knowledge in comparison of women with age>35 years. Currently married women had 1.71 times more likely to have knowledge as compared to women who never married. Formerly married women were 1.162 times more likely to have HIV/AIDS knowledge. Women from urban areas are more likely to have HIV.AIDS knowledge as compared to females from rural areas. Prevalence of HIV/AIDS knowledge was found 44.5% among women in reproductive age from sindh. Conclusion: Women from urban areas were found with more adequate and comprehensive knowledge. Educated women were also found with good comprehensive knowledge.

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Knowledge and attitude on HIV/AIDS among married women of reproductive age attending a teaching hospital

Indian Journal of Community Medicine ◽

10.4103/0970-0218.53416 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 82

Author(s):

S Sarkar ◽

M Danabalan ◽

GA Kumar

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

Married Women ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

Hiv Aids

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Trends and Determinants of Attitudes Towards People Living with HIV/AIDS Among Women of Reproductive Age in Tajikistan

Central Asian Journal of Global Health ◽

10.5195/cajgh.2019.349 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hakim Zainiddinov

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Representative Sample ◽

Aids Prevention ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Wide Range ◽

Prevention Methods ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Introduction: Despite having one of lowest rates of newly diagnosed HIV infections among former Soviet countries, Tajikistan has a substantial level of discriminatory attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). While initial attempts were made to explore discriminatory attitudes of a wide range of professionals, women’s general attitudes towards PLWHA received less scholarly attention. Employing a nationally representative sample from the 2000 and 2005 Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), sociodemographic determinants of HIV-related discriminatory attitudes of women aged 15-49 in Tajikistan were identified and examined over time.Methods: A representative sample included 5,453 women of reproductive age from the capital city and four regions of Tajikistan. Two dichotomized scenarios representing the agreement to let an HIV-infected teacher continue teaching in school and the willingness to buy food from an HIV-infected cashier were constructed. Univariate and multivariable analyses of HIV-related discriminatory attitudes were obtained using Stata 14.Results: Insignificant but positive changes were observed in the women’s attitudes between 2000 and 2005. Logistic regression models showed that negative attitudes were associated with the lack of knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention methods, endorsement of HIV/AIDS transmission misconceptions, and never having been tested for HIV (p≤0.001). Women living in the rural areas, married, with lower education, and from low income households were less tolerant towards PLWHA.Conclusions: The data from Tajikistan underscore the persistence of HIV-related discriminatory attitudes among low socioeconomic status women. The study findings can be potentially used to target the disadvantaged groups and guide the design and implementation of programs that promote voluntary HIV-testing, raise awareness about HIV/AIDS prevention methods, and help dispel transmission misconceptions.

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HIV/AIDS Awareness and Knowledge Among Ghanaian Women of Reproductive Age: What Are the Correlates?

Journal of Asian and African Studies ◽

10.1177/0021909618810037 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 267-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Edward Nketiah-Amponsah ◽

Emmanuel A Codjoe ◽

Samuel Ampaw

Keyword(s):

Health Knowledge ◽

Religious Affiliation ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Wealth Status ◽

Aids Awareness ◽

Region Of Residence ◽

Pregnancy Status ◽

Ghanaian Women ◽

Hiv Aids

This paper explores the predictors of HIV/AIDS awareness and knowledge among older and younger Ghanaian women of reproductive age. Logistic regression was estimated using the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey data. Results indicate that older Ghanaian women are significantly different from their younger counterparts in terms of the selected socio-economic and demographic characteristics that influence awareness and knowledge of the epidemic. In all, the respondents’ age, region of residence, wealth status, education, marital status and religious affiliation were found to significantly predict knowledge and awareness of HIV/AIDS among women. In addition, pregnancy status and place of residence proved to be significant correlates of HIV/AIDS awareness among Ghanaian women. The study suggests that higher social status is critical in determining whether women of reproductive age are aware of and knowledgeable about the epidemic. Thus, there is the need for policies and interventions to target messages taking into account the varied socio-economic and demographic backgrounds of women in Ghana. Further, health education interventions should be sensitive to the changing technological landscape in order to develop messages that can be delivered via mobile phones, whether as reminders or ringtones, and therefore enhance health knowledge and promote behaviour that brings about desirable health outcomes.

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