The Model of Management Policy In The Application of Hygiene Sanitation Based on Green Hotel: Case Study In Ayodya Resort Bali

Abstract The property rights and the type of ownership (private owners, public domain and commons) are two fundamental concepts in relationship to the local development and to the social and environmental sustainability. Common forests were established in Europe since the Middle Ages, but over the centuries the importance of commons changed in parallel with economic and social changes. In recent decades, the scientific debate focused on the forest management efficiency and sustainability of this type of ownership in comparison to the public and private property. In Italy common forests have a long tradition with substantial differences in the result of historical evolution in various regions. In Sardinia region the private forests are 377.297 ha, the public forests are 201.324 ha, while around 120.000 ha are commons. The respect of the common rights changed in the different historical periods. Today, the common lands are managed directly by municipalities or indirectly through third parties, in both cases the involvement of members of community is very low. The main objective of the paper is to analyse forest management differences in public institutions with and without common property rights. To achieve the objective of the research the forest management preferences of community members and managers were evaluated and compared. The analysis was realized through the use of the principal-agent model and it has been tested in a case study in Sardinia region (Arci-Grighine district). The analysis of the results showed that the categories of actors considered (members of community, municipalities and managers) have a marked productive profile, but municipalities manage forests perceiving a moderate multifunctionality. Moreover, the representatives of the municipalities pay more attention to the interests of the collectivity in comparison to the external managers. They also attribute high importance to environmental and social forest functions.

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Planning and Management Policy for a National Park: Case Study—The Carmel

Tourism Recreation Research ◽

10.1080/02508281.1985.11014381 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 29-34

Author(s):

Ruth Enis ◽

Mordechai Shechter

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Management Policy ◽

Planning And Management

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Diversity Management Policy: A Case Study of Formulation Process Joint Ministerial Regulation No. 8 and 9 of 2006 in Indonesia

International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ◽

10.21275/v5i5.nov163719 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 1376-1379

Keyword(s):

Diversity Management ◽

Management Policy

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THE REFORM OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION: A PUBLIC MANAGEMENT POLICY CYCLE CASE STUDY

Public Administration ◽

10.1111/j.1467-9299.2011.01927.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 89 (4) ◽

pp. 1546-1567 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

ROGER P. LEVY ◽

MICHAEL BARZELAY ◽

ANTONIO-MARTIN PORRAS-GOMEZ

Keyword(s):

European Commission ◽

Financial Management ◽

Public Management ◽

Management Policy ◽

Policy Cycle

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Using tacit knowledge in organizational change: A case study of the Swedish model of management in Singapore

2010 IEEE International Conference on Management of Innovation & Technology ◽

10.1109/icmit.2010.5492822 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

C. M. Cordeiro-Nilsson

Keyword(s):

Organizational Change ◽

Tacit Knowledge ◽

Swedish Model ◽

Model Of Management

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Challenging the Concept of Infinity Retention of Collections in Selected National Museums in Zimbabwe

Handbook of Research on Heritage Management and Preservation - Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-3137-1.ch020 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 408-427

Author(s):

Nyasha Agnes Gurira

Keyword(s):

Multiple Case Study ◽

Management Policy ◽

Storage Space ◽

Limited Information ◽

Collections Management ◽

Study Approach ◽

The Past ◽

National Museums ◽

Multiple Case

The chapter challenges the concept of undefined, infinity, and indefinite retention periods of collections in Zimbabwe's state museums and underscores the need for each state museum to develop a collections management policy. The concept of indefinitely retaining collections characterizes Zimbabwe's National Museums. In that regard, this chapter interrogates issues surrounding collections management in Zimbabwe's state museums. Museums in Zimbabwe are overburdened with inherited collections from the past with limited supporting information. This coupled with the need to store contemporary collections congests the storage space in museums. A multiple case study approach was employed to examine the state of collections in three selected state museums in Zimbabwe. Findings revealed that collections in these museums have been inherited from the past collectors who amassed collections with limited information about them. There was no formal collections management policy. The chapter proposes a regime to guide museums in dealing with their collections.

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Developing Biological Endpoints for Defining Virtual Elimination: a Case Study for PCDDs and PCDFs

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.1999.019 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 391-422

Author(s):

M.R. Servos ◽

J.L. Parrott ◽

J.P. Sherry ◽

S.B. Brown

Keyword(s):

Traditional Approach ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Detection Limits ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Management Policy ◽

Toxic Substances ◽

Biological Responses ◽

Considerable Debate ◽

Mixed Function Oxygenase

Abstract Defining virtual elimination has created considerable debate. A traditional approach has been to use chemically defined detection limits or levels of quantification that are determined using the best currently available methodologies. Ever increasing improvements in analytical techniques could lead to corresponding pressure to reduce the targets for virtual elimination. The current Toxic Substances Management Policy in Canada recognizes this and clearly states that it is not the intent of virtual elimination to have a moving target or to chase down the last molecule of the chemical of concern. Although it may be possible to reduce a chemical to less than some extremely sensitive detection limit, the chemical may or may not exert biological effects at that level. The chemically defined detection limits may be much lower than background levels in the environment, making it an unrealistic target. Conversely biological responses may result from trace levels of a compound that are not detectable in effluents or selected compartments of the environment (i.e., water) using current chemical techniques. Alternatively, an effect-based approach can establish biologically meaningful endpoints to defining virtual elimination. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are used in this study as an example to evaluate the advantages and limitations of several possible approaches of using biological endpoints to determine the presence of these compounds in the environment and ultimately define virtual elimination. A review of the biological responses to PCDD/PCDFs is included to demonstrate the importance of selecting appropriate biological endpoints. Mixed function oxygenase (MFO) induction, although not recommended at this point, is used as an example of a possible sensitive endpoint that could potentially be used to detect exposure of biota to these chemicals. Three different approaches are explored: (1) measuring MFO induction in a sentinel species in the environment; (2) testing environmental extracts for MFO induction in cell lines; and (3) using biological endpoints (MFO induction) to define chemical targets for virtual elimination. While the use of biological end-points is the most desirable approach to defining virtual elimination, there are significant knowledge gaps which limit our selection and application of this approach.

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