scholarly journals Research on Green Transformation of Campus Sponge and Energy Saving Facilities on Sloping Land

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Qiliang Tan ◽  
Yuhang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Rainwater Runoff ◽  
Sloping Land ◽  
Transformation Methods ◽  
Characteristic Scheme

Based on the renovation of sponge and energy-saving facilities in a middle school in Nanning, this paper systematically studies the overall elevation of the campus, the composition of the drainage system and the layout of space functions, and formulates a characteristic scheme for the renovation of sponge and energy-saving facilities according to the characteristics of the sloping campus. In order to control the total amount of rainwater runoff, the sponge transformation mainly adopts the transformation methods of partition catchment, upper storage and lower use, multi-stage detection and classification treatment. For the purpose of solar energy and wind energy utilization, solar photovoltaic panels and small-scale wind power generation system are adopted. The application effects of sponge and energy-saving facilities are estimated and evaluated.

Pilot test of environment-friendly catalysts for the DeNOx of low-temperature flue gas from a coal-fired plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Guo ◽  
Jianjiang Lu ◽  
Yonggang Zhao ◽  
Chengzhi Wang ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pilot Test ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Efficient Environment

Efficient, environment-friendly, and energy-saving low-temperature denitration (DeNOx) catalysts, applicable in practical flue gas, has a widespread market for use in small-scale boilers. A novel Ce-based low-temperature honeycomb catalyst was tested...

scholarly journals Profitability of Small Scale Vegetable Production in Southern District, Botswana

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Sekgopa T. Kealeboga ◽  
Lagat K. Job ◽  
Tselaesele M. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Households ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Eradication Programme ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Production Program ◽  
Extreme Poverty ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Multi Stage

Government determination to eradicate extreme poverty and food insecurity among Batswana through small scale vegetable production program appears not to transform their economic stance. Rural households that are part of Poverty Eradication Programme were investigated to determine if backyard gardens were profitable enough to improve incomes, reduce extreme poverty, and increase food security. The study aimed at analysing profitability and identifying factors that affect profitability of backyard gardening. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to collect data from 100 rural households who are part of the backyard garden scheme. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis and regression analysis. Results indicated that backyard gardening was a viable activity though profitability was affected by amount of fertilizer applied, market availability and area planted. Beneficiaries indicated that the production and marketing constraints they faced included pests and diseases, lack of water, lack of market and poor prices. Program leaders must recognize the production and marketing constraints themselves as well as plan for the possibility that continual financial support for investment in the initial years of operation.

Ground Source Heat Pump and Conventional Heat Sources to Match the Design and Operation Mode for Energy Saving

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 955-959
Author(s):  
Lei Sun ◽  
Jia Fu Xiao ◽  
Chun Yu Ran ◽  
Li Yun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Composite System ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Matching Design

According to China's current energy present situation, the use of renewable energy, saving energy and reducing consumption has become the energy industry development should follow the basic principles. Ground-source heat pump and conventional heat source composite system as a kind of building energy efficiency technology, mainly reflected in soil source heat pump renewable energy utilization aspects. In this paper the soil source heat pump and conventional heat source matching design and operation mode research, from the matching design principle chart, operation mode, the practical engineering application, economic and technical analysis into consideration, it is concluded that the soil source heat pump and conventional heat source composite system can be applied and research.

Line–Line Fault Analysis and Protection Challenges in Solar Photovoltaic Arrays

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 3784-3795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Zhao ◽  
Jean-Francois De Palma ◽  
Jerry Mosesian ◽  
Robert Lyons ◽  
Brad Lehman
Keyword(s):  
Fault Location ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Fault Analysis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Safety Hazards ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Pv Inverter ◽  
Power Point

Fault analysis in solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays is a fundamental task to protect PV modules from damage and to eliminate risks of safety hazards. This paper focuses on line-line faults in PV arrays that may be caused by short-circuit faults or double ground faults. The effect on fault current from a maximum-power-point tracking of a PV inverter is discussed and shown to, at times, prevent overcurrent protection devices (OCPDs) to operate properly. Furthermore, fault behavior of PV arrays is highly related to the fault location, fault impedance, irradiance level, and use of blocking diodes. Particularly, this paper examines the challenges to OCPD in a PV array brought by unique faults: One is a fault that occurs under low-irradiance conditions, and the other is a fault that occurs at night and evolves during “night-to-day” transition. In both circumstances, the faults might remain hidden in the PV system, no matter how irradiance changes afterward. These unique faults may subsequently lead to unexpected safety hazards, reduced system efficiency, and reduced reliability. A small-scale experimental PV system has been developed to further validate the conclusions.

scholarly journals Integration of a Solar Parabolic Dish Collector with a Small-Scale Multi-Stage Flash Desalination Unit: Experimental Evaluation, Exergy and Economic Analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11295
Author(s):  
Ali Babaeebazaz ◽  
Shiva Gorjian ◽  
Majid Amidpour
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Conical Cavity ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Circulation Circuit ◽  
Parabolic Dish ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
The Cost

In this study, a small-scale two-stage multi-stage flash (MSF) desalination unit equipped with a vacuum pump and a solar parabolic collector (PDC) with a conical cavity receiver were integrated. To eliminate the need for heat exchangers, a water circulation circuit was designed in a way that the saline feedwater could directly flow through the receiver of the PDC. The system’s performance was examined during six days in July 2020, from 10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m., under two distinct scenarios of the MSF desalination operation under the vacuum (−10 kPa) and atmospheric pressure by considering three saline feedwater water flow rates of 0.7, 1 and 1.3 L/min. Furthermore, the performance of the solar PDC-MSF desalination plant was evaluated by conducting energy and exergy analyses. The results indicated that the intensity of solar radiation, which directly affects the top brine temperature (TBT), and the values of the saline feedwater flow rate have the most impact on productivity. The maximum productivity of 3.22 L per 5 h in a day was obtained when the temperature and saline feedwater flow rate were 94.25 °C (at the maximum solar radiation of 1015.3 W/m2) and 0.7 L/min, respectively, and the MSF was under vacuum pressure. Additionally, it was found that increasing the feedwater flow rate from 0.7 to 1.3 L/min reduces distillate production by 76.4% while applying the vacuum improves the productivity by about 34% at feedwater flow rate of 0.7 L/min. The exergy efficiency of the MSF unit was obtained as 0.07% with the highest share of exergy destruction in stages. The quality parameters of the produced distillate including pH, TDS, EC and DO were measured, ensuring they lie within the standard range for drinking water. Moreover, the cost of freshwater produced by the MSF plant varied from 37 US$/m3 to 1.5 US$/m3 when the treatment capacity increased to 8000 L/day.

scholarly journals Mass and Heat Transfer at Different Heat Exchange Surfaces and Their Suitability for Use in Thermal Desalination Plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Schwarzer ◽  
H.J. Bart
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Water Side ◽  
Thermal Desalination ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Desalination Plants

A new concept for small scale multi-stage distillation (MSD) desalination plants is presented allowing an installation in remote rural areal due to low maintenance, operating and investment costs. It is based on extensive studies on heat and mass transfer using 6 different condensation / heat transfer surfaces or material combinations. Basically all 6 condensation surfaces except glass are of a sheet metal or an expanded metal (to the evaporation side) in combination to an acid- and heat-resistant foil (on the salt water side). The basic experiments were performed in a "lab scale" unit to determine their thermodynamic and structural characteristics and user-friendliness. After validation in a prototype novel oxidic condensation surfaces (AF) and material combinations are in actual use in the new MSD systems, following the requirements, including a good wetting and condensation behavior and a good heat transfer.

scholarly journals Food Security Analysis of Smallscale Fishermen in Karanggongso, Trenggalek Regency

2019 ◽  
Vol 006 (02) ◽  
pp. 183-193
Author(s):  
Candra Adi Intyas ◽  
◽  
Agus Tjahjono ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Smoked Fish ◽  
Multi Stage

Sea resources that open access are causing competitive competition among fishermen. This mainly affects 87.5% of small-scale fishermen in Indonesia who are commonly in poverty. The problems faced are the marketing and production institutions that have not been optimal also the mindset of fishermen who are still subsistence. One way that small-scale fishermen try to increase their income is processing fresh fish to become smoked fish (traditional methode). The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of food security of small-scale fishermen household who also do smoked fish processing activities (NKPA) compared to small-scale fishermen household who did not undertake smoked fish processing (NKNPA). The sampling method uses multi stage cluster sampling. Data analysis used an analysis of food security using the Desirable Dietary Pattern. From the results of the study on the quantity aspect, overall AKE and AKP values in NKPA were 100.71% (good category) and 119.35% (the conditions were very food-resistant) while the NKNPA were 82.58% (moderate category) and 101.50 % (the conditions were very food-resistant). In terms of quality, the calculation of Desirable Dietary Pattern consumption from NKPA had a score of 88.49 and NKNPA of 71.77 which means that the conditions are quite ideal.

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