scholarly journals Profitability of Small Scale Vegetable Production in Southern District, Botswana

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Sekgopa T. Kealeboga ◽  
Lagat K. Job ◽  
Tselaesele M. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Households ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Eradication Programme ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Production Program ◽  
Extreme Poverty ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Multi Stage

Government determination to eradicate extreme poverty and food insecurity among Batswana through small scale vegetable production program appears not to transform their economic stance. Rural households that are part of Poverty Eradication Programme were investigated to determine if backyard gardens were profitable enough to improve incomes, reduce extreme poverty, and increase food security. The study aimed at analysing profitability and identifying factors that affect profitability of backyard gardening. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to collect data from 100 rural households who are part of the backyard garden scheme. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis and regression analysis. Results indicated that backyard gardening was a viable activity though profitability was affected by amount of fertilizer applied, market availability and area planted. Beneficiaries indicated that the production and marketing constraints they faced included pests and diseases, lack of water, lack of market and poor prices. Program leaders must recognize the production and marketing constraints themselves as well as plan for the possibility that continual financial support for investment in the initial years of operation.

scholarly journals Profitability analysis of paddy production: A case of agricultural zone 1, Niger State Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
Madu Ali Bwala ◽  
Aniobi U John
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

This study estimated the profitability of rice production among small scale farmers in Bida agricultural zone of Niger state. The study utilized a multi-stage random sampling technique to select a total of one hundred and five (105) rice farmers in the area. The data was collected through a well-structured questionnaire from four communities in the study area. Descriptive statistics and farm budgeting tools were used for the analyses. The descriptive analysis showed that the farmers are highly productive between the age range of 37- 48 years. Furthermore, results also revealed land area cultivated by the farmers to be generally below two hectares. The finding further revealed the variable cost per hectare for rice production to be $126,100 per production cycle, while total revenue of $227,500 was realized by the respondents. The results also revealed cost of labour to account for the largest portion (54.0%) of the total variable cost. This is followed by the cost of seed, fertilizer, transportation, herbicide, pesticide and bagging. The farm budgeting analysis revealed the costs and returns of rice production to be profitable with a gross margin of $101,400 and net farm profit of $98,546.4. The gross profit ratio was calculated to be 0.45 which implies that farmers are selling their rice produce at a relatively high profit percentage. Based on the results obtained from the study, it was concluded that rice production in Bida Agricultural Zone of Niger State is profitable. Hence, the cultivation of rice is an important enterprise that should be encourage, considering the fact that it is a major staple. It is therefore recommended that timely availability of farm inputs such as improved seed variety and agrochemicals will further boos trice production in the area. Furthermore, provision of credit facilities to small scale farmers is a viable policy to be pursuedJ. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(1): 88-92, April 2018

scholarly journals Are There Road Blocks to Access Micro-Credit From Selected Microfinance Banks in Delta State, Nigeria? Implications for Small Scale Farmers Sustainability!

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gbigbi Theophilus Miebi
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cash Balance ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Cooperative Society ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

The study was carried out to investigate the factors that affect small scale farmers to access fund and utilized for greater efficiency in production in Delta State, Nigeria. The logit model was used to analyze the data. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used for the study. Charts were used to analyze the socioeconomic characteristics of the farmers. About 120 farmers were interviewed using pretested questionnaire. The study showed that sex, education, farm size, cash balance, collateral, frequency of transaction and membership of cooperative society were positive and significant at 1%, 5% and 10% probability levels respectively. The coefficient of age, interest rate, household size and distance were negative and significant at 10% and 5% levels. The results of the study call for policies aimed at encouraging microfinance banks to consider the farmers in accessing credit to increase their output, income and productivity in the study area.

Analysis of whole and filleted stockfish (Gadusmorhua) marketing IN Ebonyi Rural Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
M.O. Nwabunike ◽  
G.V.C. Igwe ◽  
I.K. Agama ◽  
C.E. Esheya
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Comparative Cost ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Broad Objective ◽  
Benefit Cost

The study was conducted with the broad objective of analyzing the profitability of marketing different forms (whole and filleted) of stock fish in Ebonyi rural markets. A total of 80 stock fish sellers were carefully selected through an unbiased (multi-stage and random) sampling technique. The data collected were analyzed using simple frequency and percentages as well as gross margin and comparative cost ratio. The result showed that 92.5% of the stockfish sellers were females and married with mean age of 38 years, mean household size of 9 persons and mean year of experience of 14. It was further observed that between the two forms of stock fish marketed in Ebonyi rural communities, filleted type was more profitable having a profit of N669,000 and benefit cost ratio (BCR) of N1: 2.352 as against that of whole form with a profit of N286,000 and BCR of N1: 1.685. The results of the study implied that it is advisable to market stock fish in the filleted form rather than selling it whole. Keywords: Stock fish, gross margin, marketing, profitability, Ebonyi Rural Area

Economic Analysis of Non-Farm and Off-Farm Income Sector: A Way Ahead in Making Farmers Income Profitable

2021 ◽  
pp. 112-119
Keyword(s):  
Public Investment ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Small Farmers ◽  
Income Diversification ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Multi Stage

Income diversification is an important strategy to augments income among small and marginal farmers. This study evaluated the income diversification among farm households in the Ariyalur district. A multi-stage sampling technique was used, and 115 rural households were selected by applying Arkin and Colton formula. The data collected were analyzed using the Herfindahl index and Gini-coefficient. The results showed that the average number of income sources accessed by all marginal farmers is about 1.81, and small farmers are about 1.90, and small farmers had an income diversification range of 0.64 to 0.65, which is a medium diversification category. When the non-farm and off income were considered together with agricultural income, the overall income inequality dropped. The results suggested that the local government should take serious steps to create employment avenues for smallholders outside agriculture that provide credit, training, and necessary inputs to rural households and recommended for public investment in rural infrastructures, such as roads and bridges, telecommunications, education, energy, and water.

scholarly journals Analysis of the challenges of small-scale farmers’ access to labor in North Central Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
O.S Akintobi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
North Central ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Human Labour ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Good Access

The study analyzed the challenges experienced by small-scale farmers’ in accessing human labour in North Central Nigeria. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used for sample selection while questionnaires were used for data collection. A total of 1,750 farmers were randomly interviewed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and one-way factorial analysis of variance and mean separation was done at 5% probability level. Result revealed small scale farmers perceived a lack of access to human labour for agricultural activities in the zone while mean separation showed Niger state has the highest access to labour while Abuja and Kwara states are the least state with access to labour. High cost of labour, lack of fund and scarcity of labour are the major challenges experienced by the farmers in accessing labour for agricultural production. Based on the findings, the research concluded that small scale farmers do not good access to labour while facing serious challenges which has resulted into increased cost of production for the small-scale farmers. The study recommends among others that combine hiring should be encouraged among farmers for the adoption of expensive labour saving technologies/ implements.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND PATTERN OF AGROCHEMICALS USE AMONG SMALLHOLDER CROP FARMERS IN EDU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KWARA STATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adedeji Sharafadeen Olayinka ◽  
Alimi Folorunsho Lawal ◽  
Madu Ali Bwala ◽  
Umaru Habiba Mohammed ◽  
Ajao Ibrahim Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Crop Farmer

This study addresses the economic analysis and pattern of agrochemicals use among smallholder crop farmers in Edu Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria. A multistage random sampling technique was used to select 144 small-scale crop farmers interviewed for the study. Descriptive statistics and farm budgeting techniques were used for data analysis. The result shows that a typical small-scale crop farmer in the study area is, on average, a 31-year-oldmale with 11 to 20 years of farming experience. These groups of farmers also cultivate 0.78 hectares and have a household size of 8. Herbicides are the predominant agrochemical used during the survey; it was mostly applied both before and after crop emergence. Usually, pesticides were applied without following safety instructions. Users of agrochemicals obtained a total gross margin of USD 1,469.95 per hectare with a profitability ratio of 1.22 which indicates that farming is a profitable business in the study area. The study recommends to increase awareness on farmer safety measures when handlingagrochemicals; and to establish educational programs that will educate farmers on how to safely use agrochemicals.

scholarly journals Stakeholders’ Perception of Coconut Palm Insurance Scheme: A Study on the Coastal States of India

CORD ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
D. Rajasenan ◽  
Rajeev B.
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Coconut Palm ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Insurance Scheme ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Analysis Point

The Coconut Palm Insurance Scheme (CPIS) is a mechanism, devised to endow effective risk management aid, to those coconut growers who are likely to be impacted by non-preventable natural factors as well as pests and diseases. This study analyses the perception of the stakeholders for drawing empirical validity, so as to appraise sustainability of CPIS as a measure towards financial inclusion. 528 samples, encompassing Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Goa and Maharashtra states, classified into three regions, were taken using multi-stage proportionate random sampling technique with a view to develop a recurrent scheme to assist the coconut growers. Analyses and inferences, based on Factor Analysis, point out that growers across the regions are convinced that the scheme is necessary for a crop like coconut and, accordingly, the scheme seems to have achieved its goal.

scholarly journals Profitability and economic efficiency of groundnut production in Benue state, Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (59) ◽  
pp. 8091-8105
Author(s):  
DP Ani ◽  
◽  
JC Umeh ◽  
EA Weye
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Simple Machines ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Selection Of

There has been a remarkable reduction in the contribution of groundnut to Nigeria’s foreign exchange earnings since the discovery of petroleum resources. There is need to re -position this valuable crop to assume its rightful position in the nation’s economy. Thus, this study assessed the profitability of groundnut production and level of technical and allocative efficiencies of the farmers using Benue State as a case study. Multi -stage sampling technique, which involves purposive selection of two Local Government Areas (Makurdi and Ogbadigbo) and subsequent random selection of groundnut farmers from the selected three communities was adopted in collecting cross -sectional data from 270 groundnut farmers using structured questionnaire and oral interview. Descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis and Stochastic Frontier Model were used to analyse the data. The study found that the mean gross margin per hectare of groundnut was N 1,897.86 per month while the profitability test shows that it is profitable (t= 6.87; P ≤ 0.01). However, the key variables that influence profitability are hired labour, cost of seed, agrochemical and cost of fertilizer. Meanwhile, the mean technical efficiency estimate of groundnut farmers in the study area was found to be as low as 4%. This could be attributed to high demand for labour, land and agrochemicals which are the critical factors that play a significant role in groundnut production. The socio- economic factors that affect groundnut production in the study area include farmers’ age, household size and annual income. Similarly, an average farmer spent about 28% above the minimum frontier cost. Furthermore, the elasticity of cost of production with respect to cost of hired labour and cost of seed was found to be relatively high indicating their importance in groundnut production. More land should be put into groundnut production and farmers should be given essential agricultural inputs that will enhance the productivity of this cash crop. The study further recommends the development and dissemination of simple machines that can facilitate the stages involved in the production of groundnut.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Small Scale Sweet Potato Farms in Oyo State, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Olayinka Isiaka Baruwa
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Stochastic Production Frontier ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Frontier Analysis

AbstractThis study carried out an analysis of the performance of sweet potato production among small holder farmers in Oyo State of Nigeria. A combination of purposive and a two-stage random sampling technique were used to obtain information from 65 respondents. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, stochastic frontier functions and budgetary technique. Results indicated that majority of the farmers were literate, aged 43.3 years on the average, full time in sweet potato production and with mean farm size of 1.0 hectare. The gross margin and net profit were ₦76, 884.8 and ₦67,292.8, respectively (₦, naira Nigerian Currency, ₦160 = 1$US) indicating that sweet potato production was profitable. The return to scale (RTS) for the production function revealed that farmers operated in the irrational zone (stage I) of the production surface. The stochastic production frontier analysis revealed that the technical efficiencies of farmers was found to be fairly high with a mean of 0.92% which suggest that the average sweet potato output falls 0.08% short of the maximum possible level but the efficiency can be increased by better use of available resources.

RURAL HOUSEHOLDS' SOURCES OF WATER AND WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY FOR IMPROVED WATER SERVICES IN SOUTH-WEST, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. DARE ◽  
I. A. AYINDE ◽  
A. M. SHITTU
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Study Results

Households' source of water is one of the core development indicators recently gaining prominence in Nigeria. This study examined rural households' sources of water and its Willingness to Pay (WTP).  A cross sectional survey involving the use of questionnaire was adopted while a dichotomous choice (DC) with follow up was used as elicitation method. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select 437 rural households. Descriptive statistics and Tobit model was used as analytical tool for the study. Results from this study revealed that almost 70% fetched from unimproved water sources. Only 74.4% of the respondents showed WTP for improved water sources. Age(p<0.01), Sex (p<0.01), Education (p<0.01), Occupation(p<0.01), Income (p<0.01), Price of water(P<0.01), Quantity of water (p<0.01), Household size(p<0.01) and Distance(p<0.01) to existing water sources significantly influenced rural households' WTP for these services. Therefore, good water sources should be cited nearer to rural community at a relatively low price by rural households.  

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