INFLUENCE OF PYROPHORIC SULPHIDES OVER THE FLAMMABILITY PARAMETERS OF LIQUIDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 901-905
Author(s):  
Maria Prodan ◽  
Emilian Ghicioi ◽  
Irina Nalboc ◽  
Andrei Szollosi-Mosa ◽  
Sonia Suvar
Keyword(s):  
Flammability Parameters

scholarly journals A Simple Technique to Estimate the Flammability Index of Moroccan Forest Fuels

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M'Hamed Hachmi ◽  
Abdessadek Sesbou ◽  
Hassan Benjelloun ◽  
Nesrine El Handouz ◽  
Fadoua Bouanane
Keyword(s):  
Simple Technique ◽  
Ignition Time ◽  
Flame Height ◽  
Fuel Moisture ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Forest Fuels ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Flammability Parameters ◽  
Threshold Point

A formula to estimate forest fuel flammability index (FI) is proposed, integrating three species flammability parameters: time to ignition, time of combustion, and flame height. Thirty-one (31) Moroccan tree and shrub species were tested within a wide range of fuel moisture contents. Six species flammability classes were identified. An ANOVA of the FI-values was performed and analyzed using four different sample sizes of 12, 24, 36, and 50 flammability tests. Fuel humidity content is inversely correlated to the FI-value, and the linear model appears to be the most adequate equation that may predict the hypothetical threshold-point of humidity of extinction. Most of the Moroccan forest fuels studied are classified as moderately flammable to flammable species based on their average humidity content, calculated for the summer period from July to September.

scholarly journals Flammability parameters of sprayed and foam aerosols selected for studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 00029
Author(s):  
Bozena Kukfisz
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Flame Height ◽  
Explosion Hazard ◽  
Confined Space ◽  
Combustion Heat ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Flammability Parameters ◽  
Propane Butane

The paper presents classification criteria for flammability parameters of sprayed and foamed aerosols [1-3]. Tests were carried out to determine such flammability criteria, as combustion heat of a substance, distance of sprayed aerosol from the ignition source at which ignition takes place, time equivalent necessary for ignition to take place and the density of deflagration for sprayed aerosols. For foamed aerosols the determined parameters comprised combustion heat parameters for a substance, the maximum flame height and the flame retention time. Based on the obtained flammability it may be unequivocally stated that aerosol products pose a serious fire hazard. Aerosols selected for testing pose a serious explosion hazard within a confined space. It seems that from among all the tested aerosols the most hazardous products in this respect comprise solvent and stain remover and DW 40. Within a space of 200 dm3 those products required 3 and 4 seconds of aerosol spraying respectively until the moment of initiating an explosion. Aerosol products in which use was made of propane-butane a carrier gas characterise by very similar flammability and explosivitiy parameters within a closed or confined space.

scholarly journals Flammability of litter sampled according to two different methods: comparison of results in laboratory experiments

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Ganteaume ◽  
Marielle Jappiot ◽  
Thomas Curt ◽  
Corinne Lampin ◽  
Laurent Borgniet
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Fire Behaviour ◽  
Rate Of Spread ◽  
Litter Flammability ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Flammability Parameters ◽  
Density Rate

In the laboratory, different types of litter samples (constructed v. intact) can be used in flammability experiments but the sampling method of these litters could affect litter flammability results. To assess this effect, samples of litters were collected in South-eastern France, according to two different methods previously used in other studies, one keeping intact the structure of the litter layers (non-constructed litter) and the other requiring the construction of the litter, using mainly the surface litter layer (constructed litter). The comparison of flammability results showed that the sampling method had a significant effect on litter bulk-density, rate of spread and rate of consumption, intact litter being more flammable than reconstructed litter that was artificially compacted. The type of vegetation had a significant effect on litter depth, ignitability, sustainability, consumability and combustibility (except on rate of spread) and the litter composition could explain in part this fire behaviour. The effect of the construction of litters on flammability parameters and its magnitude also differed according to vegetation types. Intact litter structure appeared to be an important driver of its flammability, especially of combustibility and consumability. The assessment of these flammability components will differ when using constructed litter samples instead of intact litter samples, especially according to vegetation types. Future research on litter flammability should take into account the bias due to the litter sampling method when the litter is constructed.

Polyurethane-solid wood composites. II. Flammability parameters

2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 3279-3285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Gao ◽  
Wenqiang Su ◽  
Di Wu
Keyword(s):  
Solid Wood ◽  
Wood Composites ◽  
Flammability Parameters

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOISTURE CONTENT AND FLAMMABILITY OF CERRADO SPECIES IN SOUTHERN TOCANTINS

FLORESTA ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Marcileia Dias De Oliveira ◽  
Marcos Giongo
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Time To Ignition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vatairea Macrocarpa ◽  
Flammability Parameters ◽  
Curatella Americana

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between moisture content and flammability of nine plant species from the Cerrado in southern Tocantins. The species studied were: Machaerium brasiliense, Qualea grandiflora, Luehea grandiflora, Campomanesia guaviroba, Astronium fraxinifolium, Curatella americana, Bauhinia forficata, Vatairea macrocarpa, and Anacardium Occidentale. The plants were analyzed at four moisture contents (M1, M2, M3, and M4). For each level, 50 samples (1 g ± 0.1 g) of each species were collected, and 50 repetitions of burning were performed. The parameters analyzed were: time to ignition (TI), frequency of ignition (FI), duration of combustion (DC), combustion index (CI), flammability value (FV), and height of flames (HF). Our results showed that moisture contents influence flammability in Cerrado plant species. The correlation coefficients between moisture and flammability parameters were r = 0.951 (TI), r = -0.962 (DC), r = -0.977 (HF), and r = -0.988 (FI).

Flammability Parameters

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-44
Author(s):  
Nieves Fernandez-Anez ◽  
Blanca Castells Somoza ◽  
Isabel Amez Arenillas ◽  
Javier Garcia-Torrent
Keyword(s):  
Flammability Parameters

Flammability Parameters of Materials: Ignition, Combustion, and Fire Propagation

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tewarson
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Critical Heat Flux ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Fire Propagation ◽  
Flammability Parameters ◽  
Param Eters

In this paper, flammability parameters associated with the igni tion, combustion, and fire propagation processes and their usefulness for the development of fire resistant materials are discussed. The flammability param eters discussed are: (a) Critical Heat Flux (CHF) and Thermal Response Param eter (TRP), associated with ignition, (b) Heat Release Parameter (HRP) and Fire Propagation Index (FPI), associated with combustion and fire propagation.

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