Tinjauan Anatomi Klinik dan Manajemen Bell's Palsy

Bell's Palsy is a peripheral facial nerve weakness (facial nerve) with acute onset on one side of the face. This condition causes the inability of the patient to move half of his face consciously (volunter) on the affected side. The Bell's Palsy incidence is 20-30 cases out of 100.000 people and accounts for 60-70% of all cases of unilateral facial paralysis. The disease is self-limited, but causes great suffering for patients who are not treated properly. Controversy in the management is still debated, and the cause is still unknown. The underlying hypothesis is ischemic, vascular, viral, bacterial, hereditary, and immunologic. Therapy done so far is to improve facial nerve function and healing process. The management of the therapy used will be closely related to the structure of the anatomy and its functions and associated abnormalities. The modalities of Bell's Palsy therapy are with corticosteroids and antivirals, facial exercises, electrostimulation, physiotherapy and decompression operations. Approximately 80-90% of patients with Bell's palsy recover completely within 6 months, even in 50-60% of cases improved within 3 weeks. Approximately 10% experienced persistent facial muscle asymmetry, and 5% experienced severe sequelae, and 8% of cases were recurrent.

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Serial gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and assessment of facial nerve function in Bell's Palsy

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1016/s0194-5998(97)70031-7 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 117 (5) ◽

pp. 559-566 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

M ENGSTROM ◽

S ABDSALEH ◽

H AHLSTROM ◽

L JOHANSSON ◽

E STALBERG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Facial Nerve ◽

Bell’S Palsy ◽

Nerve Function ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Facial Nerve Function ◽

Bell's Palsy

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COMPLETE MANAGEMENT OF ARDITA (BELL’S PALSY) AS PER AYURVEDA CHIKITSA SUTRA – A CASE REPORT

November 2020 - International Ayurvedic Medical Journal ◽

10.46607/iamj2209032021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 09 (3) ◽

pp. 650-656

Author(s):

Ram Lakhan Meena ◽

Santoshkumar Bhatted ◽

Nilam Meena

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Facial Nerve ◽

Present Report ◽

Complete Recovery ◽

Bell’S Palsy ◽

Bell's Palsy ◽

Contemporary Science ◽

The Face ◽

Grading Scale

Bell’s palsy, also known as acute idiopathic lower motor neuron facial paralysis, is characterized by sud-den onset paralysis or weakness of the muscles to one side of the face controlled by the facial nerve. In contemporary science, administration of steroids is the treatment of choice for complete facial palsy. Cer-tain Panchakarma procedures and internal Ayurvedic medicines have been proved to be beneficial in the management of Ardita vata. The present report deals with a case of 62-year-old male patient diagnosed as Ardita vata was treated with various Panchakarma procedures like Nasya, Shirobasti, Kukkutanda Swedana, Dashmoola Ksheer Dhoom, Gandoosh and oral Ayurveda medicines. Criteria of assessment was based on the scoring of House-Brackmann Facial Nerve Grading scale. After completion of Ayurveda treatment, the patient Shown almost complete recovery without any adverse effects. This case is an evi-dence to demonstrate the effectiveness of Ayurveda treatment in case of Ardita vata (Bell’s palsy).

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Clinical Study of Bell's Palsy at Tertiary Care: Our Experience

Annals of Otology and Neurotology ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1693096 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 02 (01) ◽

pp. 16-20

Author(s):

M. B. Bharathi ◽

Thanzeem Unisa ◽

Swathi Chandresh ◽

Venkatesh C. R. ◽

Harsha S.

Keyword(s):

Facial Nerve ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Bell’S Palsy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Bell's Palsy ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tertiary Referral Center ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

The Face ◽

History Of

Abstract Introduction Bell's palsy (BP) is the common cause of facial palsy. This study aims to report and analyze the age, sex distribution, symptomatology, site of lesion, and prognosis in 101 patients with (BP). Materials and Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted at tertiary referral center, JSS Hospital, Mysuru. All patients consenting to participate in this study, of all ages, of either sex, both outpatients and inpatients with a diagnosis of BP during this study period were included. Results Of the 101 patients analyzed, maximum cases (25.7%) were in third decade of age; 55.4% were males, and both right and left sides of the face were equally involved. Maximum number of patients (50.5%) had a history of postaural pain at presentation Topodiagnostic tests showed majority of BP cases involving geniculate or suprageniculate regions (67.3%) in our study. 20.8% had lesion above the nerve to stapedius, and 11.9% had lesion below the nerve to stapedius. Electrodiagnostic test—electroneuromyography (ENMG)—was abnormal in 57 (67.1%) individuals at day 4. 50.4% of patients had a House-Brackmann (HB) facial nerve grade IV at presentation. 90% of the BP group in our study recovered normal to near-normal facial nerve function by the end of 28 days’ time. Conclusion Each case of BP should be evaluated with thorough clinical examination, topodiagnostic tests, and electrodiagnostic tests. Appropriate management will help in almost full recovery of disease.

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A REVIEW STUDY ON THE MODE OF ACTION OF KSHEERA DHOMA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ARDITA (BELL’S PALSY)

November 2020 - International Ayurvedic Medical Journal ◽

10.46607/iamj.2909012021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 09 (1) ◽

pp. 179-182

Author(s):

Supriya Guddad ◽

Shanakarling Maidaragi

Keyword(s):

Facial Nerve ◽

Medical Condition ◽

Motor Impairment ◽

Facial Asymmetry ◽

Bell’S Palsy ◽

Modern Medicine ◽

Bell's Palsy ◽

Tactile Sensibility ◽

The Face ◽

Review Study

Arditais a medical condition causing the Vakratha[deviation] of Mukha ardha and leads to facial asymmetry and malfunction. It occurs due to aggravated Vatadosha. It has been included in Vataja Nanatmaja Vyadhi. It can be correlated to facial palsy in modern which carries similar complaints to Ardita of deviation of half of the face with sensory & motor impairment on the affected side. Acharya Sushruta and Charaka mentioned Nadi sweda in the Ardita chikitsa sootra. The modified form of Nadisweda itself is Ksheera Dhooma. As there is a weakness of Facial nerve in Bell’s palsy and the same moist heat is indicated in Bell's palsy by modern medicine. This effect is ensured by Swedana and it has the capacity to stimulate the nerve centres and increases the tactile sensibility. It is seen that Ksheeradhooma is having good efficacy on Ardita. Keywords: Ardita, Ksheera dhooma, bell’s Palsy

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The Epidemiology and Management of Bell’s Palsy in the Sudan

The Open Dentistry Journal ◽

10.2174/1874210601812010827 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 827-836 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ahmed Hassan Kamil Mustafa ◽

Ahmed Mohammed Sulaiman

Keyword(s):

Facial Nerve ◽

Bell’S Palsy ◽

Facial Nerve Paralysis ◽

Age Group ◽

Bell's Palsy ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nerve Paralysis ◽

Dental Hospital ◽

The Face ◽

The Right

Background: Bell’s palsy is an acute idiopathic facial nerve paralysis of sudden onset. It is the most common cause of lower motor neuron facial nerve paralysis with an annual incidence of 15-30 per 100,000. The objective of this work is to study the prevalence and the management of Bell’s palsy in the Sudan. A descreptive retrospective cross-sectional study was carried at Khartoum Teaching Dental Hospital, Khartoum General Teaching Hospital. In the retrospective, the records and files of 698 patients with Bell’s palsy, were reviewed in relation to age, gender, site, risk factors, season, and type of treatment. In addition, 48 patients with Bell’s palsy were evaluated using the House–Brackman scale in relation to the above-mentioned variables. Therefore, a total number of 746 cases were studied. Fifty five percent of them were females and the remaining 45% were males, around 38% of them were in the age group 21-40 year. Fifty seven percent of the patients were affected on the right side of the face. Winter was the commonest season of onset where 53.5% of the cases occurred. Steroids are the commonly prescribed drugs in majority of the cases, accounting for 47.3%. Study Design: The study is a retrospective cross sectional hospital based study. The study was carried out in Khartoum Teaching Dental Hospital and in the Physiotherapy Department of Khartoum Teaching General hospital. The files and records of the patients with Bell’s palsy in Khartoum Teaching Dental Hospital in the years 1/1/2004 -31/12/2008, and Khartoum Teaching General Hospital (physiotherapy department) in the years 2007- July 2009 (total number 746). Results: A total number of 746 cases were studied . Fifty five percent of them were females and the remaining 45% were male. Around 38% of them were in the group 21-40 year. Fifty seven percent of the patients were affected on the right side of the face. Winter was the commonest season of the onset where 53.5% of the cases occurred. Conclusion: The study showed predominance of females. A peak incidence was seen in the age group 21-40 years. A predilection was found for the right side of face.

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Mona Lisa Syndrome: Solving the Enigma of the Gioconda Smile

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/000348948909800306 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 98 (3) ◽

pp. 196-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kedar K. Adour

Keyword(s):

Facial Nerve ◽

Wallerian Degeneration ◽

Da Vinci ◽

Bell’S Palsy ◽

Leonardo Da Vinci ◽

Facial Muscle ◽

Bell's Palsy ◽

Art And Science ◽

Muscle Contracture ◽

Mona Lisa

The Mona Lisa smile is presented as a possible example of facial muscle contracture that develops after Bell's palsy when the facial nerve has undergone partial wallerian degeneration and has regenerated. The accompanying synkinesis would explain many of the known facts surrounding the painting and is a classic example of Leonardo da Vinci as the compulsive anatomist who combined art and science.

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Bell's palsy: а literature reference and own clinical case

Modern pediatrics. Ukraine ◽

10.15574/sp.2021.114.83 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 83-87

Author(s):

D.S. Khapchenkova ◽

◽

S.О. Dubyna ◽

K.Yu. Yena ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Facial Nerve ◽

Facial Expressions ◽

Muscle Weakness ◽

Clinical Case ◽

Bell’S Palsy ◽

Motor Nucleus ◽

Bell's Palsy ◽

Facial Muscles ◽

The Face ◽

The Right

Bell's palsy is an acute peripheral paralysis of the facial nerve of unknown etiology. The facial nerve is the seventh cranial nerve. One part of the facial nerve is the motor fibers that innervate the facial muscles. The facial nerve emerges from the brain between the posterior edge of the pons and the medulla oblongata with two roots. The main motor nucleus is responsible for the voluntary control of facial muscles. There are central and peripheral paresis of the facial nerve. Central paresis occurs during а stroke. Peripheral paresis (unilateral muscle weakness of the entire half of the face) develops when the facial nerve is affected from the motor nucleus to the exit from the stylomastoid foramen. Among the various localizations of damage to the peripheral part of the facial nerve, the most common is Bell's palsy as a result of edema and compression of the nerve in the bone canal. Clinical symptoms of facial nerve neuropathy are characterized by acute paralysis or paresis of facial muscles: smoothed skin fold on the affected side of the face; swelling of the cheeks; an inability to close the eyelid, Bell's symptom; facial muscle weakness. The degree of damage is determined by the House Brackmann scale. Treatment with glucocorticosteroids, antiviral drugs, physiotherapy procedures. Purpose — to present a clinical case of a patient with Bell's palsy as an example of delayed diagnosis, treatment and, as a result, long-term restoration of the facial muscles functions. Clinical case. The boy after suffering from the flu, began to complain of acute ear pain, vomiting, lack of movement in the right half of the face, dizziness, insomnia. Asymmetry of the face, lack of movement of the right side of the face, inability to completely close the right eye, a symptom of sailing on the right, muscle weakness were revealed during examination. The general condition of the patient improved, facial expressions were restored, sleep was normalized after hormonal, metabolic therapy, physiotherapy procedures. Conclusions. The article describes a case of inflammation of the facial nerve or Bell's palsy in a teenager who developed on the background of the flu. Timely diagnosis and treatment of the above pathology is the key to a satisfactory prognosis for the restoration of facial expressions, prevention of negative consequences of the the disease. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: facial nerve, Bell's palsy, flu, inflammation.

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