Inovação em tecnologias submarinas na exploração oceânica: passado e presente

O objetivo neste texto é analisar, ao longo da história, inovações em tecnologias submarinas desde as invenções de Leonardo Da Vinci aos dias de hoje e a multiplicidade de seus empregos na exploração da última fronteira: o mar.

Visual art as a form of individualization of collective experience: Renaissance discourse

The purpose of the article consists of exploring visual arts in the context of Renaissance discourse as a form of individualization of collective experience. The methodology consists of the application of analytical method – to determine the theoretical and methodological foundations of the study of visual art as a form of individualization of collective experience in the works of the Renaissance theorists: Alberti, G. Vasari, Marsilio Ficino, Lorenzo Valla, Pietro Pomponazzi; Renaissance artists – Giotto, Masaccio, Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael Santi, Titian; formalization method – to clarify visual art within the subject field of art history in the context of the culture of the Renaissance; method of comparative studies – for analyzing approaches to understanding the visual art as a form of individualization of collective experience. The scientific novelty of the work is that for the first time the essence of visual art is a form of individualization of collective experience in the context of the Renaissance discourse. Conclusions. The article explores visual art in the context of the Renaissance discourse as a form of individualization of collective experience. Clarified the meaning of the concept of visual art and painting in the framework of the subject field of art history (concepts of A. Gabrichevsky, M. Kagan, V. Vlasov, A. Hildebrand). In the socio-cultural development of the Renaissance, there is an intensive process of individualization of the artist, and there is also a tendency to intensively turn to samples of ancient art, which testifies to the visual art as the brightest form of individualization of collective experience. In the context of comparative analysis, the concepts of Cennino D'Andrea Cennini, G. Vasari, Alberti, Lorenzo Ghiberti, Filarete, Piero Della Francesco, Leonardo da Vinci, Jean Peleren, Albrecht Dürer, Pietro Aretino, who described all the advantages of painting based on color, are considered; the Venetian artist Paolo Pino, author of Dialogue on Painting; Lodovico Dolci, author of Dialogue on Painting; the Tuscan writer A. Doni, who in his dialogue "About drawing" explained the priority of the Florentine tradition, in which the emphasis was on drawing, and not on coloring. Key words: visual art, renaissance, painting, collective experience, individualization

Simetrijske grupe končnih vzorcev

Končni vzorci so najprej definirani intuitivno, kasneje pa še eksaktno (matematično). Simetrije končnih vzorcev so definirane s pomočjo izometrij ravnine. Obravnavani so štirje osnovni razredi izometrij ravnine: zrcaljenje, rotacija, translacija ter drsno zrcaljenje. V klasifikacijskem izreku je dokazano, da vsaka izometrija spada v enega od osnovnih štirih razredov. Pri obravnavi vektorjev in matrik se omejimo na ravnino in trirazsežni vektorski prostor. Dokazano je, da izometrijam ravnine s fiksno točko pripadajo natanko ortogonalne matrike. V poglavju o grupah so obravnavani pojmi: (pod)grupa, red grupe, izomorfizem grup ter generatorji grupe. Glavni rezultat je klasifikacija simetrijskih grup končnih vzorcev v ciklične ali diedrske, kar danes imenujemo Leonardov izrek. Podano je tudi nekaj informacij o zgodovinski dobi, v kateri je deloval Leonardo da Vinci in nekaterih povezavah med njegovim delom in matematiko. Učbenik je namenjen študentom arhitekture in vsebuje številne primere, rešene naloge ter obsežno slikovno gradivo.

Uma reflexão sobre o design de exposições e o modelo dos parques de diversões

Este artigo compara as características das atuais exposições-espetáculo desenvolvidas sob o paradigma do design de exposições e o modelo estabelecido pelos parques de diversões. Para tal, serão pontuados momentos históricos importantes a partir de estudos de Tony Bennett e de Sonia Salcedo Del Castillo para compreensão de características tais como a popularização das exposições, a relação entre as mostras e os museus, além das definições das qualidades das feiras e dos parques de diversão. Finalmente, será apresentado uma descrição e análise da exposição “Leonardo Da Vinci - 500 anos de um gênio”, apresentada em São Paulo em 2019 no MIS Experience, tendo em vista os assuntos levantados pela pesquisa.

Towards a mathematical model of plant growth

Mankind has long been interested in the growth of plants, even in the Middle Ages, Leonardo da Vinci observed the seasonality of growth and some features of plant forms. In recent years, many agricultural producers have begun to implement a coordinate (precise) farming system. In this regard, there is a need to improve methods for assessing and managing the growth of agricultural crops. To assess the functioning of the system “plant - soil - air [[CHECK_DOUBLEQUOT_ENT]] (P-S-A), the concept of plant growth potential is introduced, which is the ratio of the power spent on the formation of a unit of vegetation mass. The paper considers the theoretical prerequisites for determining the growth potential. Since the operational management of the formation of the crop yield is an important task in crop production, the functioning of the P-S-A system during the growing season is proposed to be evaluated by dimensionless coefficients, which represent the ratio of the substance mastered by plants to the incoming one. The product of these coefficients in terms of light-heat-food-gas-and moisture supply represents the reliability of the P-S-A system, and allows you to evaluate and effectively manage the technological process of the growth of cultivated plants during the growing season.

Amor e conhecimento: Freud e Espinosa

Resumo: Neste artigo, elabora-se uma reflexão sobre a relação entre amor e conhecimento em Freud e Espinosa, tomando-se como núcleo da análise as teses de Freud, em seu famoso ensaio sobre Leonardo da Vinci. Busca-se mostrar que a oposição freudiana entre amor e conhecimento, a qual se deixa captar no conceito de sublimação, mas não tem lugar no pensamento de Espinosa. Na teoria espinosana dos afetos, tal oposição se desfaz; e é sobretudo através do conceito de Amor Dei Intellectuallis, apresentado na Parte V de sua Ética, que Espinosa deixa ver que, em vez de oposição, há antes a realização plena do amor enquanto ação da mente que conhece a si no seio da Natureza imanente.

Dual mode imaging in mid infrared with thermal signal reconstruction for innovative diagnostics of the “Monocromo” by Leonardo da Vinci

Dual mode imaging in the mid infrared band, a joint use of thermography and quasi-thermal reflectography, was recently proposed as a full field diagnostic tool in cultural heritage. Here we discuss for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, a detailed application of such non destructive technique to the diagnostics of frescoes, with an emphasis on the location of detachments. We also investigate the use of a thermographic method based on TSR (thermal signal reconstruction), in a long pulse stimulus scheme, as well as the spatial registration of thermal images after post-processing analysis to their visible counterpart, so as to obtain a fine resolution diagnostic map. As an exemplar case study, we report about the application of dual mode imaging with a 500 $${\upmu }\hbox {m}$$ μ m pixel size at object plane on the “Monocromo”, a fresco by Leonardo da Vinci located in the Sforza Castle (Milan, Italy). Our technique was used to guide the conservators during the restoration works, opening new perspectives in artwork diagnostics.