IMPROVING THE SYSTEM FOR OBTAINING THE HEALTHY PLANTING MATERIAL OF STONE FRUIT CROPS IN THE KRASNODAR TERRITORY

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 92-96
Author(s):  
N.N. Kovalenko ◽  
◽  
V.N. Podorozhny ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Planting Material

Winter graftings is one of the ways of reproduction of stone fruit crops

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
V. V. Tankevich ◽  
A. I. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Wild Cherry ◽  
Cherry Tree ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Grafting Technique ◽  
Balanced Distribution

The article presents the results of the study of some techniques for obtaining planting material of stone fruit crops (fruit trees). Rootstocks and scions for cherry ( Prunus subg. Cerasus) and wild cherry ( Prunus avium ) mostly of Russian selection together with cultivars zoned in the region were the objects of the research. Winter grafting, including a double one, was used as a method of propagation. Three-component grafting (using intermediate scions) was done in order to accelerate the process of growing young trees for laying gardens of moderate growth power. The analysis of the data obtained during the period of stratification and nursery fields with a planting scheme 70 x 15 cm was presented in the article. The phenological and biometric indicators of grafted plants were described. This allowed us to make a conclusion about the effect of cultivar-and-rootstock combinations on the power of plant growth. The tallest ones were saplings of cherry tree cultivar Melitopolskaya Desertnaya in the control variant of the experiment (grafted on wild cherry). The standard output was 79 thousand young trees per hectare. Weak-growing ones were cherry plants with the scions of cherry cultivar Bordovaya. The output of the standard was 23% less than in the control and amounted up to 61 thousand young trees per hectare. Speaking about wild cherry, the combination of Melitopolskaya Chernaya cultivar grafted on wild cherry with the SL 64 scion could be attributed to the tall ones. More than 75% of grafted trees were 121-143 cm high. Growing of planting material with the use of the winter grafting technique is one of the leading methods of propagation. It causes a more balanced distribution of labor forces during the year and the time of young trees growing become one year shorter.

Peculiarities of the phytosanitary state of pome fruits in industrial horticulture

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
V. V. Antonenko ◽  
A. V. Zubkov ◽  
S. N. Kruchina
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Relative Safety ◽  
Pome Fruits ◽  
Weed Plants ◽  
Spread Of Infection

Data were obtained on the basis of the results of research carried out on the territory of the educational and experimental farm of the Timiryazev State Agrarian University, in Moscow during 2018-2019. As a result of the surveys, the most dangerous diseases and pests of pome crops on the territory of this farm were established. The most resistant apple and pear varieties to major diseases have been identified. Peculiarities of development of alternariosis on pear are described, the harmfulness of the disease on pear and apple seedlings is noted. A possible role in the transfer of alternariosis infection from garden-protective plantations and weed vegetation to fruit trees was noted. A possible role has been established in the transport of septoriosis, powdery dew infection from dicotyledonous weeds plants. The peculiarities of the spread of infection under the influence of wind direction are noted. The results and peculiarities of the application of various methods of scaring birds in the orchard are presented. As a result of route surveys the most harmful weed plants have been identified. The possibility of using herbicides of different mechanism of action in fruit gardens for weed control has been studied. High efficiency and relative safety of application of herbicides of contact action in nursery fields, operational orchards and for control of piglets on fruit trees are shown. Recommendations are given for the use of soil and systemic herbicides of soil in seedlings beds, the first and second fields of the nursery, as well as in the process of production of large-scale planting material and operational orchards of fruit crops. The safety of the herbicides in question is established when used in accordance with the recommended methods of use.

scholarly journals Certification of stone fruit crops in Ukraine

2018 ◽  
pp. 219-227
Author(s):  
N. Triapitsyna ◽  
K. Udovychenko ◽  
S. Vasyuta
Keyword(s):  
Plant Material ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Stone Fruits ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Selection Of

The results are the work during 2004—2018 years in Ukraine on the selection of material of stone fruits crops, which satisfies the requirements of the normative international documents for the creation of a prebasic clones collection. Analyzed state of plant material certification of these cultures.

scholarly journals Сondition analysis of stone fruit crops during their processing on perforated surface under centrifugal forces

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
М. I. Kepin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Centrifugal Forces ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Inner Surface

In this article there is analysis of condition of stone fruit crops in fresh during their rotative movement on immobile perforated surface of cylindrical coating under field of centrifugal forces aimed at division onto semi-product (flesh) and waste (stones). Division is being performed via separation of flesh fragments from stones by hole edges. Separation intensiveness (productivity of the process) depends on structural-mechanical properties of fruit fleshes and their rotative speed.On the example of separate fruit it has been experimentally proved that besides rotative movement on inner surface of the coating there is rotative movement of a fruit around its own axle what promotes even separation of flesh. Such a rotation is typical for fruits with maturity stage even throughout the volume, otherwise breach of skin with following flesh separation occurs locally.Experimental researches carried out with apricot fruits and cornel have shown that productivity of the process of fruit separation depends of strength features of tissues and rotative speed of blades. Offered way of processing is carried out in non-stop mode and may be realized for all types of stone fruit crops independently on association between flesh and stone.

scholarly journals THE USE OF THE DRIVER-KUNIYUKI NUTRIENT MEDIUM FOR MICROPROPAGATION OF ROOTSTOCKS OF LC-52 (Cerasus vulgaris х Cerasus fruticose) AND GIZELA 6 (Peisica vulgaris х Cerasus canescens) STONE FRUIT CROPS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Magomedovich Khamurzaev ◽  
◽  
Ibragim Musaevich Bamatov ◽  
Elina Minerovna Butsaeva ◽  
Sergey Vasilievich Sibiryatkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Fruit Crops

scholarly journals Features of the strawberry field repository formation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 715-724
Author(s):  
M. T. Upadyshev ◽  
T. A. Tumaeva ◽  
A. A. Borisova ◽  
N. V. Andronova ◽  
A. D. Petrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Arabis Mosaic Virus ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Intact Plants ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Horticultural Research

For the successful functioning of a breeding and nursery center of scientific and practical work with fruit and small fruit crops, an important task is to create repositories, including thosein the field. A field repository is a plant gene bank based in accordance with international standards on planting material that is free from dangerous pathogens, including viruses, representing tested for productivity typical plants.For the purpose of a comparative study of promising varieties, hybrids and clones-candidates for original plants, a field repository and mother plantation of strawberries clones and varieties have been created on the territory of the Federal Horticultural Research Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery.As a result of research in 2015-2020, 386 high-yielding strawberry plants were selected and tested for the main harmful viruses using diagnostic kits from “Loewe” firm (Germany). The prevalence of harmful Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Raspberry ringspot virus (RpRSV), Tomato black ring virus (TBRV), Strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in strawberry plantations depended on the area cultivation, varietal composition of plantings and ranged from 31 to 69 %. The prevalence of viruses RpRSV (up to 36 %), TBRV (up to 31 %) and CMV (up to 22 %) was established. The high efficiency of dry-air thermotherapy for the recovery of strawberries with the number of virus-free intact plants of 56 % has been shown.A genebank of "candidates for original plants" has been formed from 234 strawberry plants of 39 varieties and hybrids, which, after confirming their status by PCR, will be transferred to the category of "original plants".

scholarly journals Ufa forestry-technical school, of the Ministry of Forestry of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
F. V. Sadykova ◽  
E. G. Bilalova
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Technical School ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
The Republic

In the Republic of Bashkortostan, in the greenhouse of the year-round operation of the experimental farm of the state-run vocational training school "Ufa forestry-technical school" (Limonary in Ufa city), tropical and subtropical fruit crops have been cultivated for many years. The farm constantly monitors the agrochemical, physico-chemical, biochemical indicators of soil grounds. The agrochemical characteristics of soils during the cultivation of exotic fruit crops have been studied. For fertilizing all cultivated plants of the farm, organic and mineral macro- and micronutrient fertilizers are regularly added at regular intervals. When using fertilizers, the need for nutrient elements of crops is taken into account for successful growth and fruiting by periods of growth and agrochemical data. The study presents a comparative characteristic of soil grounds for 2016 and 2018, which shows: humus content, mobile forms of P2O5 and K2O, mineral forms of nitrogen, pH (salt). The results of agrochemical surveys allow you to adjust the dose of fertilizers for the cultivation of major crops, planting material and for the formation of the crop.

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