scholarly journals Radiological risk assessment of fuel fabrication facility at Al- Tuwaitha nuclear site

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (31) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Yousif M. Zayir Al-Bakhat
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Radiological Hazard ◽  
Radiological Risk ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Fuel Fabrication ◽  
Nuclear Site ◽  
The Mean

The specific activity of 29 soil samples collected from FuelFabrication Facility FFF at AL-Tuwaitha site, 20 km south ofBaghdad were determined using HPGe detector in a low backgroundconfiguration, it's relative efficiency of 40%, and resolution of 2keVfor the 1332 keV gamma ray emission of 60Co. The range of activityconcentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were between (12.56-31.96),(10.2-18.4) and (47.47-402.1) Bq/kg respectively. In order to assessany radiological hazard to human health, the absorbed gamma doserate D in air at 1m above the ground surface was calculated in therange (18.87 to 36.46) nGy/h; the outdoor annual effective doseequivalent AEDE was evaluated to vary from 0.0039 to 0.0076mSv/y with the mean value 0.0059 mSv/y, this value comparable tothe worldwide effective dose 0.48mSv/y. The Radium EquivalentRaeq for all samples were evaluated and were lower than the acceptedsafety limit value of 370 Bq/kg. The results indicated that theradiation of hazards from primordial radionudlides in all samples inthis study is not significant.

Comparing of the Natural Radioactivity in Soil Samples of University at Al-Husseineya and Al-Mothafeen Sites of Kerbala, Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-191
Keyword(s):  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Radiological Hazard ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Radiological Hazard Indices

Abstract: Radioactivity must be studied in soil to see the changes in the doses of human exposure. In this study, natural radioactivity and radiological hazard indices in soil samples of the Faculty of Agriculture (Al-Husseineya site) and the Faculty of Medicine (Al-Mothafeen site) in Kerbala Governorate were determined using gamma-ray spectroscopy. The results showed that the mean values of specific activity (in units of Bq/kg) and standard errors of: 238U, 232Th and 40K at Al-Husseineya site was 21.7±7.2, 9.43±3.2 and 335.8±82.2, respectively, while at Al-Mothafeen site, the mean values and standard errors were 22.4±8.8, 11.2±3.3 and 333.1±70.7, respectively. Radiation maps of natural radioactivity (238U, 232Th and 40K) at Al-Husseineya and Al-Mothafeen sites were mapped using geographic information system (GIS) technology. Moreover, most results in the present study fall within the acceptable levels, as defined by OCDE, UNSCEAR and ICRP. Therefore, there is no significant radiological hazard at the sites which were studied. Keywords: Radiological hazard, Natural radioactivity, Soil, NaI (Tl), Gamma-ray, Karbela University.

scholarly journals Environmental Radioactivity evaluation and its health-related effects using gamma spectrometry in Delanta-Dawunt, Wollo District, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekuanint Lemlem Legasu ◽  
Ashok K Chaubey
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background & Methodology : The specific activity concentration of naturally occurring radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and their health related effects were determined in different environmental samples(gemstones) collected from Delanta-Dawunt. Which is one of the mining place in Ethiopia to extract mainly opals (gemstones). Sample collection and the gamma spectroscopic analysis followed the recommended international procedures for such type of research. Gamma-ray spectrometry was applied using HPGe gamma-ray detector and PC-based MCA. The Purpose of this research: to determine the activity concentrations of the radionuclides U/Th series and K of gemstones(opals), to determine life time cancer risk of radionuclide in the environment , to assess the hazard and risk to the public associated with these dose values , to conduct the geochemical studies by quantifying the levels of trace gemstones as well as the physical parameters in soil samples within and around it, and To determine the radiation doses from these activity concentrations and compare with international recommended dose limits. Results: The results of the activity concentration on our research work showed significant variations from 11.97 ± 2.46 to 62.44 ± 14.99 Bq kg-1 for 226Ra, 25.69 ± 3.69 to 137.84 ± 13.23 Bq kg-1 for 232Th and 184.84 ± 3.59 to 969.56 ±18.16 Bq kg-1 for 40K. The mean radioactivity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K was found to be around 29.84 ± 6.53, 68.44 ± 18.94, 390.87 ± 6.09 Bk kg-1 respectively. Conculsion: The mean values of Radium equivalent activity (Raeq), absorbed dose, annual effective dose equivalent, external and internal radiation hazard (Hex and Hin) index ,and activity utilization index is 151.68±19.46 Bq kg-1, 72.19 ± 8.48 nGy h-1, 0.07 ± 0.01mSv y-1,0.43, 0.51, 0.57 ± 0.08 and 0.29 ± 0.03 respectively. The specific activity of 232Th is higher than the world mean value and 40K is the same as the world mean value. The radiation hazard indices, ELCR values found in this study are lower than the world mean values. However, the absorbed dose is higher than the world means value. This is due to the reason of high thorium concentration existence and opal mining is highly explored on such study areas.

scholarly journals Specific Activities of Natural Radionuclides and Annual Effective Dose Due to the Intake of Some Types of Children Powdered Milk Available in Baghdad Markets

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-624
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Sodium Iodide ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Specific Activities

In this research the specific activity of natural radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were determined by sodium iodide enhanced by thallium NaI(TI) detector and assessed the annual effective dose in Dielac 1 and 2 and Nactalia 1 and 2 for children of less than 1 year which are available in Baghdad markets. The specific activity of 40K has the greater value in all the types which is in the range of allowed levels globally that suggested by UNSCEAR. The mean value of annual effective doses were 2.92, 4.005 and 1.6325 mSv/y for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K respectively.

scholarly journals Assessing the Radiological Risks Associated with High Natural Radioactivity of Microgranitic Rocks: A Case Study in a Northeastern Desert of Egypt

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
Neveen S. Abed ◽  
Mohamed Abdel Monsif ◽  
Hesham M. H. Zakaly ◽  
Hamdy A. Awad ◽  
Mahmoud M. Hessien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Radiological Hazard ◽  
United Nations Scientific Committee ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometer ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Radiological Hazards ◽  
The Mean

This study aimed to evaluate the radiological hazards of uranium (238U), thorium (232Th), and potassium (40K) in microgranitic rocks from the southeastern part of Wadi Baroud, a northeastern desert of Egypt. The activity concentrations of the measured radionuclides were determined by using a gamma-ray spectrometer (NaI-Tl-activated detector). The mean (238U), (232Th), and (40K) concentrations in the studied rocks were found to be 3680.3, 3635.2, and 822.76 Bq/kg, respectively. The contents in these rocks were elevated, reaching up to 6.3 wt%. This indicated the alkaline nature of these rocks. The high ratios of Th/U in the mineralized rocks could be related to late magmatic mineralization, suggesting the ascent of late magmatic fluids through weak planes such as faults and the contact of these rocks with older granites. The present data were higher than those of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) guideline limits. All the radiological hazard results indicated high human health risks. This confirmed that this area is not radiologically safe, and care must be taken when working in this area. This study showed that the area under investigation had high U content suitable for uranium extraction that could be used in the nuclear fuel cycle.

scholarly journals Surface Radio Refractivity of Akure and Ondo town, Southwest Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 212-219
Author(s):  
IP Onujagbe ◽  
F Ahmed-Ade ◽  
M Mopah ◽  
AJ David
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
K Value ◽  
Earth Radius ◽  
A Value ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
The Mean

The surface radio refractivity, refractivity gradient at 1km above ground surface and the effective earth radius factor, K over Akure and Ondo town of South west Nigeria has been investigated using Ten (10) years daily data of the meteorological parameters of Pressure, air temperature and humidity. The result showed that the mean monthly value of the surface refractivity at the Ondo station is generally slightly higher than that of Akure. The monthly mean value of refractivity at the two stations was found to be strongly correlated with a value of 0.915. The most negative refractive gradient value observed at Ondo and Akure are of -46.48N-units/km and -45.64N-units/km respectively and the least effective earth radius factor, k value of 1.421 and 1.410 were observed at the station respectively. These results showed that the Ondo and Akure station were generally super-refractive. The Ondo station was however found to be slightly more super-refractive than the Akure station.

scholarly journals Scattering intensity limit value at very small angles

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 594-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvino Ciccariello
Keyword(s):  
Density Fluctuation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Scattering Intensity ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
The Mean

The existence of a limit of the sample scattering intensity, as the scattering vector approaches zero, requires and is ensured by the property that the mean value of the scattering density fluctuation over a volume V behaves asymptotically, at large V, as νV −1/2, ν being an appropriate constant. The limit of the normalized scattering intensity is then equal to ν2. The implications of this result are also analysed in the case of samples made up of two homogeneous phases.

Green Tuff: Gamma Index in a Typical Building Material of Ciglio Area (Ischia Island)

2021 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Giuseppe La Verde ◽  
Adelaide Raulo ◽  
Vittoria D’Avino ◽  
Vincenzo Roca ◽  
Riccardo de Asmundis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Natural Gamma ◽  
Gamma Index ◽  
Ischia Island ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Radiological Characterization

Radiological characterization of tuff of Ciglio area in Ischia Island was performed to assess the potential radiological hazard associated with its use. For this purpose, high resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy was used. In five green tuff samples was measured the activity concentration of natural gamma-ray emitting radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K so, the mean gamma index was calculated. The mean value of the gamma index resulted lower than the reference level and it meets the dose criterion for the safety use of green tuff as building material.

scholarly journals Assessment of Natural Radioactivity for Some Secondary Ceilings Samples in Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 877 (1) ◽  
pp. 012034
Author(s):  
Ali Saeed Al Rmahi ◽  
Ali Abid Abojassim
Keyword(s):  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Radiological Hazard ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Hazard Risk ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The World ◽  
Radiological Hazard Indices

Abstract This research focuses on measuring of specific activity of natural radioactive sources (238U, 232Th and 40K) in some types of secondary ceilings that used as a decorate material and available in Iraqi markets. The measurements were done using gamma ray spectroscopy system that based on NaI(Tl) Detector. Also, the radiological hazard indices have been assessed for all samples in present study. The results show that the specific activity vary from 8.7±0.6 to 32.9±2.3 Bq/kg for 238U, 2.9±0.2 to 40.3±1.5 Bq/kg for 232Th, and 117.4±2.6 to 649.1±7.9Bq/kg for 40K. The latter levels were compared with the world mean values that reported by the UNSCEAR 2008. It was found that all values of 238U and 232Th were below the world wide published values, while the values of only two samples of 40K were above the upper range of the world wide published values. Regarding the average values of radiological hazard risk were found to be within the permissible limit according to the OECD, UNSCEAR 2000, and ICRP. It can be concluded that natural radioactivity levels together with radiological hazard risk studied from the most of the secondary ceilings samples available in local markets of Iraq within natural rates of permissible limits and may not cause any danger to the human when being used.

scholarly journals Assessment of natural radioactivity levels and annual equivalent doses in some milk powdered samples for adults used in Baghdad

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (32) ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
Basim Khalaf Rejah
Keyword(s):  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Sodium Iodide ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Powder Milk ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Radioactivity Levels

In this paper the specific activity of 238U, 232Th and 40Kradionuclides were determined by sodium iodide enhanced bythallium NaI(Tl) detector and assessment the annual effective dosein samples of powder milk from different companies such asAlmunaish, Seven Caw, Molty and Altunsa for adult available inBaghdad markets. The specific activity of 40K has the greater value inall the samples which is in the range of allowed levels globally thatsuggested by UNSCEAR. The mean value of annual effective doseswere 0.121, 0.314775 and 0.305 mSv/y for 238U, 232Th and 40Krespectively.

scholarly journals Assessment of Levels of Natural Radioactivity in Sand Samples Collected from Ekalakala in Machakos County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Lucia Nyiva Munyao ◽  
Daniel Kipngetich Ketui ◽  
Calford Otieno ◽  
Margaret Wairimu Chege
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Average Dose ◽  
Radiation Dose Rate ◽  
World Average ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Significant Health

Construction sand is naturally polluted with radionuclides of terrestrial origin. In this study, specific activities of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in 30 sand samples collected along the Ekalakala River, Machakos County, Kenya, were measured using a high-purity germanium γ-ray spectrometer. The specific activities ranged between 9.7 Bqkg−1 and 24.0 Bqkg−1, 11.5 Bqkg−1 and 26.2 Bqkg−1, and 820 Bqkg−1 and 1850 Bqkg−1 for 238U, 232Th, and 40K, respectively. While the mean specific activities for 238U and 232Th were less than half of the world average values of 33 Bqkg−1 and 45 Bqkg−1, respectively, the average specific activity of 40K was significant since it was three times the global mean value of 420 Bqkg−1. A calculated absorbed radiation dose rate for the sand varied between 46.8 nGyh−1 and 94.2 nGyh−1 with a mean of 68.5 ± 13.3 nGyh−1. This is not significantly different from the world average dose rate of 60 nGyh−1 for geological samples. The AEDR and Hex had maximum values of 0.29 mSvy−1 and 0.52, respectively, both within the recommended limits of radiation exposure for members of the general public. Based on these results, the sand from Ekalakala River does not pose significant health implication to the sand harvesters as well as the inhabitants of the houses constructed using this sand.

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