scholarly journals Forensic Investigation of Crimes Against the Amur Tiger and Other Animals: Problems and Solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
S. V. Aramilev ◽  
E. S. Kiseleva ◽  
P. V. Fomenko
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Amur Tiger ◽  
Forensic Investigation ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
Wildlife Forensics ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
Diagnostic Center ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Illicit Trafficking

The late 20th century saw the development of a new special framework for the conservation of large mammals – both tigers and their prey, mostly ungulates, – along with their habitats in the Far East of Russia. Tightening controls on poaching, illicit trafficking and trade in wild animals and their parts, as well as enforcement of adequate penalties for these crimes rely on effective crime detection procedures and quality forensic investigation, which provides important grounds for prosecution. There are currently only four organizations conducting such forensic investigations within the geographic range of the Amur tiger.Efforts to facilitate forensic assistance have included production of the monograph “The Basics of Wildlife Forensics”, establishment of a veterinary treatment and diagnostic center for post-mortem examinations and a carcass storage facility for preservation of forensic evidence, and ongoing work to create biorepositories.However, there is still no streamlined system for state-supported forensic investigation of crimes against wildlife and forensic examinations of wild animals, their parts and derivatives.Such examinations should be conducted by specialized centers under designated conservation authorities of the constituent subjects of the Russian Federation, similar to the forensic bureaus of the Ministry of the Interior.

scholarly journals Culicoides biting midges at the National Zoological Gardens of South Africa : research communication

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Labuschagne ◽  
L.J. Gerber ◽  
I. Espie ◽  
S. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Far East ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Research Communication ◽  
Culicoides Imicola ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Culicoides Biting Midges

Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are responsible for the transmission of a large number of pathogens to livestock and wild animals. In this study the presence of the genus, using light traps based at four different sites within the National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, was investigated during 2002-2004. In total, 37 species were recorded, including large numbers of Culicoides imicola Kieffer, 1913, which is responsible for the transmission of economically important arboviruses in South Africa, Europe, Middle and Far East. These results are discussed with reference to the wider Culicoides fauna in the Onderstepoort area of South Africa, their vector competence as well as biosecurity at the National Zoological Gardens.

scholarly journals A novel approach of using shed skins of the green tree python, Morelia viridis, for forensic purposes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Jitka Kufnerová
Keyword(s):  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
Pet Trade ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
Viable Method

Green tree python (Morelia viridis, Schlegel 1872) is a highly sought-after Indonesian/Papuan NG/Australian species in terms of the international trade in reptile pets. As the trade in wild animals is mostly prohibited nowadays, captive breeding supplies the international pet trade. There is evidence that captive breeding might be used as a cover for specimen’s illegally sourced from the wild, as there are very few possibilities of distinguishing wild from captive-bred animals. These rely on invasive sampling (cutting off the end of the tail in order to obtain a sample of blood/muscle/bone tissues) or presence of ecto- and/or endoparasites (method overcome by breeders housing animals in semi wild conditions). Therefore, we examined the possibility of using stable isotope analysis for determining: either the place of origin or diet as a means of defining whether they are captive bred or illegally sourced from the wild. We also review the use of non-invasive samples of shed (moulted) skins. We conclude that shed skins that are currently not used for identifying the source of green tree python could be used as forensic evidence, subject to the development of a viable method.

scholarly journals Distemper, extinction, and vaccination of the Amur tiger

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (50) ◽  
pp. 31954-31962
Author(s):  
Martin Gilbert ◽  
Nadezhda Sulikhan ◽  
Olga Uphyrkina ◽  
Mikhail Goncharuk ◽  
Linda Kerley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Amur Tiger ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Wildlife Populations ◽  
Effective Decision Making

Canine distemper virus (CDV) has recently emerged as an extinction threat for the endangered Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica). CDV is vaccine-preventable, and control strategies could require vaccination of domestic dogs and/or wildlife populations. However, vaccination of endangered wildlife remains controversial, which has led to a focus on interventions in domestic dogs, often assumed to be the source of infection. Effective decision making requires an understanding of the true reservoir dynamics, which poses substantial challenges in remote areas with diverse host communities. We carried out serological, demographic, and phylogenetic studies of dog and wildlife populations in the Russian Far East to show that a number of wildlife species are more important than dogs, both in maintaining CDV and as sources of infection for tigers. Critically, therefore, because CDV circulates among multiple wildlife sources, dog vaccination alone would not be effective at protecting tigers. We show, however, that low-coverage vaccination of tigers themselves is feasible and would produce substantive reductions in extinction risks. Vaccination of endangered wildlife provides a valuable component of conservation strategies for endangered species.

scholarly journals Distinctive features of the morphometric parameters of the heart of the Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) in natural habitat and in captivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 04010
Author(s):  
R.A. Zhilin ◽  
I.P. Korotkova ◽  
E.N. Lyubchenko ◽  
A.A. Kozhushko ◽  
D.V. Kapralov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Amur Tiger ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Evolutionary Forces ◽  
Panthera Tigris Altaica ◽  
Diagnostic Center ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
In The Wild

In the process of working with anatomical material supplied to the Animal Disease Diagnostic Center of the Primorskaya State Agricultural Academy, in the order of forensic examinations, a characteristic feature consisting in differences in the structure of the organs of animals living in natural habitat and in captivity was revealed. Evolutionary forces are reflected in the adaptability of animals to survive in the wild, honing adaptive characteristics and sweeping away all unnecessary things. Studying previously published works on the topic in question, it can be noted that the heart of animals in their natural habitat is slender, with a strong left side and relatively weak right side. As a rule, trabecular structures in such animals are smoothed, maximally “built” into the walls of the heart chambers. It is not often possible to find crossbeams as an element of myoendocardial formations in wild animals. However, for the internal structures of the human heart and domesticated animal species, this is not uncommon. There is an opinion that additional muscle-trabecular elements, such as: muscle crossbeams [3]; additional papillary muscles; pectinate muscles of the atria, located in a storey network - take part in the intensification of heart contractions and the creation of a swirling blood flow, providing its translational-rotational movement. This process can be considered an adaptive response to a decrease in physical activity during the evolution of a species, formed from birth to death of an organism. In the course of postmortem examinations, we examined the heart of a four-year-old female Amur tiger raised in captivity with the distinctive features of myoendocardial formations in comparison with other individuals of this species.

A New Digital Evidence Retrieval Model For Gambling Machine Forensic Investigation

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pritheega Magalingam ◽  
Azizah Abdul Manaf ◽  
Zuraimi Yahya ◽  
Rabiah Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Digital Evidence ◽  
Retrieval Model ◽  
Forensic Investigation ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
Retrieval Method ◽  
Illegal Gambling ◽  
Digital Forensic ◽  
Evidence Analysis ◽  
Gaming Machine

Analisis forensik perkakasan melibatkan proses menganalisa data yang di perolehi secara elektronik untuk menunjukkan bukti sama ada peralatan elektronik adalah digunakan untuk melakukan jenayah, mengandungi bukti jenayah atau ia adalah satu sasaran jenayah. Penyalahgunaan mesin permainan merupakan sumber utama permainan haram dijalankan. Kerja penyelidikan ini memperkenalkan kaedah mendapatkan maklumat dari satu mesin permainan yang telah dirampas oleh PDRM dan menganalisis data yang diterjemahkan untuk membuktikan bahawa mesin permainan tersebut digunakan secara haram. Prosedur mendapatkan bukti digital ini dibina untuk membantu pihak polis atau penyiasat dalam penganalisaan maklumat digital dan ia boleh dijadikan sebagai satu garis panduan untuk mengenalpasti bukti yang relevan untuk menunjukan aktiviti perjudian haram dijalankan. Kata kunci: Forensik digital, analisis forensik, mesin judi, kaedah pengambilan informasi, penterjemahan, pencarian kata Hardware forensic analysis involves the process of analyzing digital evidence derived from digital sources. The analysis is done to facilitate and prove either the device is used to commit crime, whether it contains evidence of a crime or is the target of a crime. Gambling machines serve as the main source by which illegal games are conducted. This paper presents a method for retrieving information from a seized gaming machine, along with an analysis of the interpreted information to prove that the gaming machine was used illegally. The proposed procedures for the gambling machine forensic process will be important for forensic investigators (e.g., the police or private investigators), as they will assist these individuals in the digital forensic evidence analysis necessary to produce evidence relevant to illegal gambling. Key words: digital forensic, forensic analysis, gambling machine, information retrieval method, interpretation, string search

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