scholarly journals Vegetation succession associated with wilding conifer removal

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 374-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.S.H. Paul ◽  
N.J. Ledgard
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Vegetation Succession ◽  
Plant Biodiversity ◽  
Vegetation Composition ◽  
Standing Trees ◽  
Vigorous Plant

Techniques used to remove unwanted wilding conifers can impact on subsequent vegetation successions Five South Island sites were assessed for vegetation successions after conifers had been removed by four methods felled to waste mulched harvested or killed standing by stem poisoning Felled conifers created a flush of vigorous plant growth but this increase was not longlasting and the end result was reduced plant biodiversity Mulching reduced all plant cover initially but gave poor wilding control Harvesting led to a dominance of exotics including wildings whereas solely native plants were found under dead standing trees that had been poisoned Results indicated that while there were differences in vegetation composition between the low and high altitude sites there are good opportunities for manipulating wilding control towards more desirable vegetation covers particularly involving native plants

Quantification of biogeomorphic interactions between small-scale sediment transport and primary vegetation succession on proglacial slopes of the Gepatschferner, Austria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Haselberger ◽  
Lisa-Maria Ohler ◽  
Jan-Christoph Otto ◽  
Robert R. Junker ◽  
Thomas Glade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Vegetation Composition ◽  
Mechanical Erosion ◽  
Successional Stages ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Specific Sediment Yield

<p>Proglacial slopes provide suitable conditions to observe the co-development of abiotic and biotic systems. The frequency and magnitude of geomorphic processes and composition of plants govern this interplay, which is described in the biogeormorphic feedback window for glacier forelands. The study sets out to quantify small-scale sediment transport via mechanical erosion plots along a plant cover gradient and to investigate the multidirectional interactions between abiotic and biotic processes. We aim to generate quantitative data to test the biogeomorphic feedback window.</p><p>Small-scale biogeomorphic interactions were investigated on 30 test plots of 2 x 3 m size on proglacial slopes of the Gepatschferner (Kaunertal) in the Austrian Alps during snow-free summer months over three consecutive years. The experimental plots were established on slopes along a plant cover gradient. A detailed vegetation survey was carried out to capture biotic conditions and specific sediment yield was measured at each plot. Species abundance and composition at each site, as well as plant functional types reflected successional stages.</p><p>We observed a strong decline in geomorphic activity on plots with above 30% plant cover. Mean monthly rates of specific sediment yield decreased from 111 g m<sup>-2 </sup>to 37 g m<sup>-2</sup>. Non-metric multidimensional scaling showed distinct vegetation composition for the three stages of biogeomorphic succession. Quantified process rates and observed vegetation composition support the concept of biogeomorphic feedback windows. The findings help to narrow down a stage during succession where the importance of biotic processes start to dominate.</p>

The growth of Yellow Bells (Geleznowia verrucosa) seedlings in response to additions of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus fertiliser

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 385
Author(s):  
R. F. Brennan ◽  
A. M. Crowhurst ◽  
M. G. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Critical Concentrations ◽  
Phosphorus Fertiliser ◽  
N Fertilisers ◽  
Optimum Production

Summary. Native plants are increasingly grown in Western Australia to produce flowers for export. The nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) requirements for optimum production of one of these species, Geleznowia verrucosa (Yellow Bells), was measured for 17-week-old seedlings in a glasshouse experiment reported here. There was a significant (P<0.05) growth response to all levels of N fertilisers. At all levels of P and K, except for the nil K treatments, the lowest level of applied N (20 mg N/kg soil) gave the maximum dry weight of shoots. The dry weight of shoots increased with the addition of P fertiliser to the highest level (160 mg P/kg soil), particularly for the lower levels of applied K (0 and 30 mg/kg soil) and the lowest level of applied N (20 mg/kg soil). Combinations of high levels of P (P160) and N (N80) fertiliser severely depressed shoot growth. When applied at greater than 30 mg K/kg soil, K fertiliser depressed plant growth at all levels of N and P when compared with the lower levels of applied K. At the seedling stage of growth, critical concentrations for deficiency of both N and K were 1.3% in shoots. The critical concentrations for toxicity in whole shoots of Yellow Bells appeared to be about 1.7% for N and about 2.2% for K. Adequate concentrations of N were 1.4–1.5%, while 1.7% K appeared adequate for growth of Yellow Bell shoots.

Use of native plants for ornamental purposes to conserve plant biodiversity: Case of study of Majella National Park

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 125839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Di Martino ◽  
Valter Di Cecco ◽  
Mirella Di Cecco ◽  
Marco Di Santo ◽  
Giampiero Ciaschetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Plant Biodiversity

Biocontrol Capacities and Plant Growth-Promoting Traits of Endophytic Actinobacteria Isolated from Native Plants of Algerian Sahara

2015 ◽  
Vol 122 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyada Zamoum ◽  
Yacine Goudjal ◽  
Nasserdine Sabaou ◽  
Mustapha Barakate ◽  
Florence Mathieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Algerian Sahara ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Endophytic Actinobacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Traits

Nitrification potential in the rhizosphere of Australian native vegetation

Soil Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saikat Chowdhury ◽  
Ramya Thangarajan ◽  
Nanthi Bolan ◽  
Julianne O'Reilly-Wapstra ◽  
Anitha Kunhikrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Rhizosphere Soils ◽  
Nitrification Potential ◽  
Growth Experiments ◽  
Australian Native Plants

The rhizosphere influences nutrient dynamics in soil mainly by altering microbial activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the rhizosphere effect on nitrogen transformation in Australian native vegetation in relation to nitrification potential (NP). Microbial activity, NP, and nitrifiers (ammonia-oxidising bacteria, AOB) were compared between rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of several Australian native vegetation under field conditions. These parameters were also measured with increasing distance from the rhizosphere of selected plant species using plant growth experiments. To examine the persistence of nitrification inhibitory activity of rhizosphere soil on non-rhizosphere soil, the soils were mixed at various ratios and examined for NP and AOB populations. The rhizosphere soil from all native vegetation (29 species) had higher microbial activity than non-rhizosphere soil, whereas 13 species showed very low NP in the rhizosphere when compared with non-rhizosphere soil. Nitrification potential and AOB populations obtained in the soil mixture were lower than the predicted values, indicating the persistence of a nitrification inhibitory effect of the rhizosphere soils on non-rhizosphere soils. In plant growth experiments the microbial activity decreased with increasing distance from rhizosphere, whereas the opposite was observed for NP and AOB populations, indicating the selective inhibition of nitrification process in the rhizosphere of the Australian native plants Scaevola albida, Chrysocephalum semipapposum, and Enteropogon acicularis. Some Australian native plants inhibited nitrification in their rhizosphere. We propose future studies on these selected plant species by identifying and characterising the nitrification inhibiting compounds and also the potential of nitrification inhibition in reducing nitrogen losses through nitrate leaching and nitrous oxide emission.

scholarly journals A simple ecohydrological model captures essentials of seasonal leaf dynamics in semi-arid tropical grasslands

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 8661-8690
Author(s):  
P. Choler ◽  
W. Sea ◽  
P. Briggs ◽  
M. Raupach ◽  
R. Leuning
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Tropical Grasslands ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Leaf Dynamics

Abstract. Modelling leaf phenology in water-controlled ecosystems remains a difficult task because of high spatial and temporal variability in the interaction of plant growth and soil moisture. Here, we move beyond widely used linear models to examine the performance of low-dimensional, nonlinear ecohydrological models that couple the dynamics of plant cover and soil moisture. The study area encompasses 400 000 km2 of semi-arid perennial tropical grasslands, dominated by C4 grasses, in the Northern Territory and Queensland (Australia). We prepared 8 yr time series (2001–2008) of climatic variables and estimates of fractional vegetation cover derived from MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for 400 randomly chosen sites, of which 25% were used for model calibration and 75% for model validation. We found that the mean absolute error of linear and nonlinear models did not markedly differ. However, nonlinear models presented key advantages: (1) they exhibited far less systematic error than their linear counterparts; (2) their error magnitude was consistent throughout a precipitation gradient while the performance of linear models deteriorated at the driest sites, and (3) they better captured the sharp transitions in leaf cover that are observed under high seasonality of precipitation. Our results showed that low-dimensional models including feedbacks between soil water balance and plant growth adequately predict leaf dynamics in semi-arid perennial grasslands. Because these models attempt to capture fundamental ecohydrological processes, they should be the favoured approach for prognostic models of phenology.

Native plants facilitate vegetation succession on amended and unamended mine tailings

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Kimber E. Munford ◽  
Asma Asemaninejad ◽  
Nathan Basiliko ◽  
Nadia C. S. Mykytczuk ◽  
Susan Glasauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Vegetation Succession

scholarly journals A simple ecohydrological model captures essentials of seasonal leaf dynamics in semi-arid tropical grasslands

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 907-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Choler ◽  
W. Sea ◽  
P. Briggs ◽  
M. Raupach ◽  
R. Leuning
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Tropical Grasslands ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Leaf Dynamics

Abstract. Modelling leaf phenology in water-controlled ecosystems remains a difficult task because of high spatial and temporal variability in the interaction of plant growth and soil moisture. Here, we move beyond widely used linear models to examine the performance of low-dimensional, nonlinear ecohydrological models that couple the dynamics of plant cover and soil moisture. The study area encompasses 400 000 km2 of semi-arid perennial tropical grasslands, dominated by C4 grasses, in the Northern Territory and Queensland (Australia). We prepared 8-year time series (2001–2008) of climatic variables and estimates of fractional vegetation cover derived from MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for 400 randomly chosen sites, of which 25% were used for model calibration and 75% for model validation. We found that the mean absolute error of linear and nonlinear models did not markedly differ. However, nonlinear models presented key advantages: (1) they exhibited far less systematic error than their linear counterparts; (2) their error magnitude was consistent throughout a precipitation gradient while the performance of linear models deteriorated at the driest sites, and (3) they better captured the sharp transitions in leaf cover that are observed under high seasonality of precipitation. Our results showed that low-dimensional models including feedbacks between soil water balance and plant growth adequately predict leaf dynamics in semi-arid perennial grasslands. Because these models attempt to capture fundamental ecohydrological processes, they should be the favoured approach for prognostic models of phenology.

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