Effects of genetic polymorphism on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Antonenko ◽  
T. V. Beregova
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C

Non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) takes the first place among liver diseases in the countries with developed economies. In the year 2020, the group of experts proposed a new term, metabolic‑associated fatty liver disease, that allows to specify the diagnosis, to divide different NAFLD phenotypes and to optimize its treatment. The course of metabolic‑associated liver disease can range from mild forms (simple nonalcoholic steatosis, characterized by the accumulation of triglycerides in liver cells) up to an aggressive course with the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Aggressive course of the disease is observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, high body mass index, abdominal obesity and histologically confirmed steatohepatitis. Epidemiological and genetic studies have shown an association between the morphological stage of metabolic‑associated liver disease and hereditary factors. Progression to HCC is common in patients with severe steatohepatitis, although recent literature data showed a significant increase in the proportion of patients with F1/F2 fibrosis and НСС. This is due to the presence of metabolic syndrome and gene polymorphism. Three main genes can be singled out, the polymorphism of which is associated with the development of metabolic‑associated liver disease, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and fibrogenesis: PNPLA3, TM6SF2 and GCKR. Recently, an MBOAT7 gene polymorphism has been also identified, it peculiarly increases the risk of steatohepatitis development in patients who are alcohol abusers and/or have chronic viral hepatitis C. Detection of polymorphisms in these genes is useful for identifying groups at high risk for disease progression. Early diagnosis of HCC and risk stratification will allow to diagnose the disease at an early stage and optimize its treatment.

scholarly journals Clinical-morphological parallels of the PNPLA3 gene polymorphism in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
A S Tikhomirova ◽  
V A Kislyakov ◽  
I E Baykova ◽  
I G Nikitin
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and its detection in the general population has reached a global scale. Despite the fact that in the early stages the disease is characterized by a relatively mild period, the development during its natural course of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma causes deterioration of long-term forecast. Growing evidence indicates that NAFLD is a complex, multifaceted etiology, involving many factors, including genetic. In the present review, we focused on the genetic component of NAFLD, namely, the role of the PNPLA3 gene polymorphism in the development and course of the disease, and States its progression, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

scholarly journals Clinical and experimental substantiation of the use of bentonite suspension in the complex rehabilitation of patients with chronic viral hepatitis C with concomitant non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 472-476
Author(s):  
Ganna IZHA ◽  
Natalia DRAGOMIRETSKA ◽  
Sergey GUSHCHA ◽  
Alexander PLAKIDA
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis C

Introduction. One of the most severe diffuse liver diseases is chronic viral hepatitis C (CHC) combined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). After completing the treatment of CHC with drugs of direct antiviral action, there remains a high risk of further progression of liver fibrosis associated with the presence of comorbid pathology - NAFLD in patients. The above circumstances initiated us to search for new non-drug technologies to treat this category of patients. Purpose of the work: to study the effectiveness of use bentonite suspension in rats with a model of NAFLD and to substantiate the practicality of using bentonite in the complex treatment of CHC patients with concomitant NAFLD. Methods: experimental, anamnestic and clinical, general clinical, biochemical, determination of the HOMA index, leptin and adiponectin levels, ultrasonographic studies of the digestive system, bacteriological examination of feces, statistical methods.Results: According to microscopic examination, bentonite application in animals with the NAFLC model leads to a decrease in liver steatosis, restoration of bile formation and bile secretion, and protein-synthesizing liver function. In the blood, there was a positive dynamics to the restoration of energy-dependent transmembrane ion transport according to the activity of Na+/K+ -ATPase and Mg2+/Ca2+ -ATPase (in the liver tissue) and the balance of the antioxidant system (to restrain malondialdehyde and catalase activity). We examined 40 patients with CHC with concomitant NAFLD, who completed the course of antiviral therapy (AVT) and were divided into two groups. 1 (control) group (20 people) received a basic treatment complex (diet therapy, which corresponded to the Mediterranean diet, a regimen of dosed physical exertion, patients of 2 groups (20 people, the main group) additionally received a preparation based on bentonite clay inside - 10 days (1 dose three times a day) Evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment was carried out one month after the start of treatment. Conclusion: The treatment carried out in both groups was accompanied by positive dynamics in most of the diseaseʹs symptoms. But a significant advantage was observed in the second group, where the normalization of cholestatic and dyslipidemic syndromes was established, that is, the effect on the pathogenetic links of the progression of NAFLD was proved. The results obtained confirm the practicality of using the drug with bentonite in the complex treatment of CHC patients with concomitant NAFLD. Keywords: chronic viral hepatitis C, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, bentonite clay,

A review on fatty liver disease or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 156-162
Author(s):  
Daniel Toman ◽  
Petr Vavra ◽  
Petr Jelinek ◽  
Petr Ostruszka ◽  
Peter Ihnat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the predominant etiological factor for liver disease. There is a risk of the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients suffering from NAFLD. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the risk factors for the development of HCC. The aim is to discuss an association of NAFLD and HCC in the adult population. HCC is one of the debilitating complications of NAFLD/NASH and obesity is a causative factor for NAFLD/NASH. Various clinical data suggest that obesity appears to be a causative factor in the progression of NAFLD/NASH to HCC. We searched data from the PubMed/Medline and Google Scholar databases including various studies and review articles. Significantly, an increased number of HCC patients with cryptogenic liver disease had well-differentiated tumors than in HCC patients with chronic viral hepatitis and alcoholism. HCC is one of the debilitating complications of NAFLD/NASH and obesity is a causative factor for NAFLD/NASH. Various preclinical and clinical data suggest that obesity appears to be an important causative factor in the progression of NAFLD/NASH to HCC.

scholarly journals Performance of Ultrasound Techniques and the Potential of Artificial Intelligence in the Evaluation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 790
Author(s):  
Monica Lupsor-Platon ◽  
Teodora Serban ◽  
Alexandra Iulia Silion ◽  
George Razvan Tirpe ◽  
Alexandru Tirpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Lesion ◽  
Focal Liver Lesion ◽  
Ultrasound Contrast Agents ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Global statistics show an increasing percentage of patients that develop non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and NAFLD-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), even in the absence of cirrhosis. In the present review, we analyzed the diagnostic performance of ultrasonography (US) in the non-invasive evaluation of NAFLD and NAFLD-related HCC, as well as possibilities of optimizing US diagnosis with the help of artificial intelligence (AI) assistance. To date, US is the first-line examination recommended in the screening of patients with clinical suspicion of NAFLD, as it is readily available and leads to a better disease-specific surveillance. However, the conventional US presents limitations that significantly hamper its applicability in quantifying NAFLD and accurately characterizing a given focal liver lesion (FLL). Ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) are an essential add-on to the conventional B-mode US and to the Doppler US that further empower this method, allowing the evaluation of the enhancement properties and the vascular architecture of FLLs, in comparison to the background parenchyma. The current paper also explores the new universe of AI and the various implications of deep learning algorithms in the evaluation of NAFLD and NAFLD-related HCC through US methods, concluding that it could potentially be a game changer for patient care.

scholarly journals Two Metabolomics Phenotypes of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease According to Fibrosis Severity

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Benjamin Buchard ◽  
Camille Teilhet ◽  
Natali Abeywickrama Samarakoon ◽  
Sylvie Massoulier ◽  
Juliette Joubert-Zakeyh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Metabolic Reprogramming ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is considered as the forthcoming predominant cause for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NAFLD-HCC may rise in non-cirrhotic livers in 40 to 50% of patients. The aim of this study was to identify different metabolic pathways of HCC according to fibrosis level (F0F1 vs. F3F4). A non-targeted metabolomics strategy was applied. We analyzed 52 pairs of human HCC and adjacent non-tumoral tissues which included 26 HCC developed in severe fibrosis or cirrhosis (F3F4) and 26 in no or mild fibrosis (F0F1). Tissue extracts were analyzed using 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy. An optimization evolutionary method based on genetic algorithm was used to identify discriminant metabolites. We identified 34 metabolites differentiating the two groups of NAFLD-HCC according to fibrosis level, allowing us to propose two metabolomics phenotypes of NAFLD-HCC. We showed that HCC-F0F1 mainly overexpressed choline derivatives and glutamine, whereas HCC-F3F4 were characterized by a decreased content of monounsaturated fatty acids (FA), an increase of saturated FA and an accumulation of branched amino acids. Comparing HCC-F0F1 and HCC-F3F4, differential expression levels of glucose, choline derivatives and phosphoethanolamine, monounsaturated FA, triacylglycerides were identified as specific signatures. Our metabolomics analysis of HCC tissues revealed for the first time two phenotypes of HCC developed in NAFLD according to fibrosis level. This study highlighted the impact of the underlying liver disease on metabolic reprogramming of the tumor.

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