scholarly journals Calibration of DRAINMOD for prediction of water table depths and drain discharges under waterlogged Vertisols of Maharashtra, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 724-731
Author(s):  
Shrimant Rathod ◽  
Sudhir Dahiwalkar ◽  
Sunil Gorantiwar ◽  
Mukund Shinde
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Design System ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Drain Spacing ◽  
Drainage Design ◽  
Rainy Days

An estimation of optimal design parameters of subsurface drainage system through monitoring of water table depths and drain discharges are expensive in terms of time and money. The simulation modeling is an effective tool for estimation of drainage design parameters at less cost and short time. In view to this, calibration of DRAINMOD model for prediction of water table depths and drain discharges were conducted by installing subsurface drainage system with 40 m drain spacing and 1.0 m drain depth at Agricultural Research Station, Kasbe Digraj, Dist. Sangli (Maharashtra) during 2012-13 to 2013-14. The field data on water table depth and drain discharge were used for calibration of DRAINMOD model. The input data files on climatic, soil, crop and drainage design system parameters were attached to DRAINMOD model and calibrated successfully. It is found that both observed and simulated water table depths and drain discharges showed a fluctuating trend and predicted both water table depths and drain discharges closely with the observed values during frequent rainy days and following the rainy days. The DRAINMOD model reliably predicted water table depths with a goodness of fit (R2 = 0.97), MAE (12.23 cm), RMSE (15.49 cm) and CRM (0.05); drain discharges with R2 of  0.93, MAE of 0.095 mm day-1, RMSE of 0.1876 mm day-1and CRM of 0.04. Thus, the calibrated DRAINMOD model can be used to simulate the water table depths and drain discharges in semi-arid climatic conditions of Maharashtra and in turn to estimate and evaluate drain spacing and depth.

scholarly journals Field Evaluation of Unsteady Drain Spacing Equations for Optimal Design of Subsurface Drainage System under Waterlogged Vertisols of Maharashtra

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Rathod ◽  
S. D. Dahiwalkar ◽  
S. D. Gorantiwar ◽  
M. G. Gorantiwar
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Depth Estimation ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Drain Spacing

The field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Kasbe Digraj, Dist. Sangli during Adsali sugarcane season of 2012-13 to 2013-14. The experiment was conducted by installing subsurface drainage system with 10, 20, 30 and 40 m drain spacing and 1 m drain depth. In view of different costs and effectiveness of subsurface drainage associated with the varying depths and spacings, field evaluation of unsteady drain spacing equations was important for finding out the optimal drain spacing equation among various equations. The field evaluation of unsteady drain spacing equations revealed that the van Schilfgaarde, Hammad, Modified Glover, Guyon and Integrated Hooghoudt’s equation performed satisfactory for estimation of water table depths among seven unsteady drain spacing equations. The Glover-Dumm and Modified Glover-Dumm’s equations were not performed satisfactory for estimation of water table depths. Among unsteady drain spacing equations, van Schilfgaarde’s equation performed better and hence recommended for water table depth estimation and in turn for optimal design of subsurface drainage system under waterlogged Vertisols of Maharashtra.

scholarly journals Modeling Tile Drainage Outflow in Thin Agricultural Soils with Impermeable under Layer in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Lordwin Girish Kumar Jeyakumar ◽  
◽  
David B. McKenzie ◽  
Yuanmei Zhang ◽  
Lakshman Galagedara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Newfoundland And Labrador ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Tile Drainage ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Drainage Design ◽  
Water Outflow ◽  
Avalon Peninsula

Subsurface tile drainage installation helps to maintain water table levels and to meet adequate crop moisture requirements. Artificial subsurface drainage continues to be a common practice in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) and elsewhere around the world. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of DRAINMOD in simulating water table depth (WTD) and water outflow from tile drained agricultural fields. This site on the Avalon Peninsula of Eastern Newfoundland has a rolling landscape with predominantly Podzolic soils. The tile drainage was installed at 1.0 m deep and spaced 12 m apart. Drainage outflows (two per plot) from twelve experimental plots (32 m x 60 m each) were monitored for two years. The simulated WTD ranged from 140 cm to 160 cm during rainfall season. The performance of the model was evaluated by the Index of agreement (IOA). It was 0.600 in 2017 and 0.559 in 2018. The result was considered to have acceptable accuracy, which can help to design or evaluate subsurface drainage systems in NL, Canada. However, further evaluation including additional sites are necessary to ensure optimum drainage design parameters for the major agricultural soils.

Research on Red Sandstone Area Expressway Subgrade Drainage System Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 505-506 ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Hua Zhao ◽  
Mao Jin Lei ◽  
Shui Gen Peng
Keyword(s):  
Drainage System ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Longitudinal Gradient ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Red Sandstone ◽  
Structure Damage ◽  
Drainage Design ◽  
Current Specification ◽  
The Relationship

Aimed at the feature of expressway subgrade drainage facilities in typical red sandstone areas in Jiangxi province and based on the importance of the structure, damage conditions, service requirements and the current specification requirements related to various types of ditches, the designed repetition period of rainfall and proposed safety depth values for drainage facilities were put forward by considering reasonably the key design parameters to regional drainage facilities. The relationship between prerequisite of discharging sediment in ditches or conduits and minimum longitudinal gradient was discussed. Combined with the characteristics of red sandstone subgrade drainage with high requirements, the design elements of red sandstone area expressway subgrade drainage system were obtained, which can provide beneficial references for the subgrade drainage design in red sandstone areas.

scholarly journals Impact of Subsurface Drainage System on Water Table and Soil Hydologic Parameters

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 4014-4020
Author(s):  
Rahul Patil ◽  
P. Balakrishnan ◽  
U. Satish Kumar ◽  
G.V. Srinivasa Reddy ◽  
A.S. Channabasavanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Subsurface Drainage

scholarly journals Some properties of Dagan’s method for drain spacing determination in marshy - gley soil

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevenka Djurovic ◽  
Ruzica Stricevic
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Linear Function ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Drain Spacing ◽  
State Water ◽  
Dry Out

Dagan?s method as well as Kirkham?s one belong to the group of methods for drain spacing determination in steady state water flow conditions. Both methods are based on the assumption that drainage spacing (L) is linear function of water table depth and drainage discharge (h/q). The only difference can be distinguished in the values of coefficients. To dry out eugley type of soil, drain spacing is better determined by Dagan?s method in all treatments, as compared with Kirkham?s one. Advantage of this method is especially marked on the drainage system with narrower drain spacing.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Parallel Pipe Subsurface Drainage System in a Waterlogged Paddy Field

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (March) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Kathirvel L ◽  
◽  
Manikandan M ◽  
Raviraj A ◽  
Baskar M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Drain Pipe ◽  
Drain Spacing

Inadequate natural drainage facilities and flat lands causes, some of the Cauvery river basin command are suffering waterlogging and alkalinity problems during the canal water supply and period of excess rainfall. Subsurface drainage system is the method to lower the depth to groundwater level below the root zone and creates a favorable environment for crop growth. A study aimed to evaluate the performance of the parallel pipe subsurface system installed in farmers’ field at Sembari village, Lalgudi Taluk, Trichy District, Tamil Nadu in a waterlogged paddy field from October 2020 to February 2021. The field experiment was conducted with the combination of three lateral drain spacing (7.5, 10.0 and 12.5 m) and two drain depths (60 and 80 cm). 63 mm PVC perforated pipes wrapped with coir envelope were laid as lateral drains at a grade 0.3%. Inspection chambers connected with collector drains laid at a grade of 0.6% were used to measure the drain water discharge, observation wells installed midway between lateral pipes drains were used for measuring the depth to groundwater level. Hydraulic properties of soil, depth to water level, discharge collected in drain pipe were used as evaluation parameters. This study revealed that soil hydraulic conductivity had been increased to 30%, pH, EC and ESP has been reduced to 12, 54 and 20%, respectively. The system has performed well to alleviate the waterlogged condition in 7.5 m lateral drain spacing and 80 cm drain depth treatment by observing the higher rate of decrease in depth to water of 0.3 to 0.4 m and a drainage coefficient of 0.069 to 0.29 cm/day.

Experimental design and evaluation of a peatland drainage system for forestry by optimization of synthetic hydrographs

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Tóth ◽  
Don Gillard
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Flood Duration

A ditch system was designed, constructed, and evaluated on a 1-km2 experimental plot in peat-covered wetland in Slave Lake Forest, Alberta, Canada, during 1981–1985. The purpose of the experiment was the development of techniques and procedures for the design of drainage systems for water-table control in large tracts of forested peatlands of northern Alberta, in order to enhance tree growth. The technical objective of the envisaged drainage systems is to prevent the water table from rising above a specified depth, or drainage norm νm, below the land surface, for a continuous time interval longer than a specified flood duration limit λm, during the growing season. The position of the water table and the rate and amplitude of its fluctuations in a ditched area depend on the environmental parameters (K, hydraulic conductivity; S*, field coefficient of water-table response to precipitation; z, depth to the first effectively impermeable stratum; P, pattern of daily rainfall) the design parameters (L, ditch spacing; u, ditch depth), and at later stages of drainage, the effect of the tree stand. The objective of the design is, therefore, to determine appropriate values of L and u as functions of the environmental parameters to be used in the construction of operational drainage systems. The central component of the design procedure is the optimization of synthetic hydrographs. The synthetic hydrograph is a graphical representation of calculated time series of the water table's fluctuations reflecting the effect of discrete rainfall events under specified drainage conditions. Synthetic hydrographs were calculated with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation drain spacing formula adapted here for daily rainfall events and ranges of estimated environmental and assumed design parameters. An experimental drainage system was constructed with preliminary design parameters that were expected to satisfy the criteria νm and λm. In addition, 14 water-table observation wells and a rain gauge were installed and operated for two summers. Synthetic hydrographs were then computed using the actually implemented design parameters, the actual rainfall pattern and a fixed z value, leaving K and S* as the only unknown variables. Those K and S* values giving the best approximation of calculated to observed hydrographs were considered to represent the effective field values and were used in turn to calculate the final design parameters, again by hydrograph matching. Final values for K and S* for two subregions of the experimental plot were found to be K1 = 0.37 m/d, S1* = 0.13; and K2 = 0.26 m/d, S2* = 0.11. For subregion No. 2 a ditch spacing L = 25 m and ditch depth u = 0.9 m satisfy the stipulated drainage norm νm = 0.4 m and flood duration limit λm = 14 days, using P1962, which was the wettest year for the last 28 years in the region.

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