scholarly journals Gene action and combining ability estimates of newly developed CMS based heterotic rice hybrids (Oryza sativa L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1557-1565
Author(s):  
R. Madhuri ◽  
N. Shivakumar ◽  
K. G. Bindhu ◽  
H. C. Lohithaswa ◽  
R. Pavan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Ability Estimates ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Level Of Significance

An insight knowledge nature and relative magnitude of gene actions involved and combining ability is useful for a breeder to assess nicking ability in self-pollinated crops. In this connection, an attempt was made to esti- mate the gene action and combining ability of 70 newly developed CMS based heterotic rice hybrids developed from ten newly developed CMS lines and seven testers were evaluated for grain yield and its components at Hybrid rice scheme, ZARS, V. C. Farm, Mandya. Among the lines, CMS 2 had significant gca effects at 1% level of significance in desired direction for four traits viz., panicle weight, pollen fertility, spikelet fertility and number of spikelets per pan- icle. Out of seven testers, KMR 3 found to be good general combiner for five traits viz., days to 50 per cent flower- ing, plant height, number of tillers per plant, number of panicles per plant and grain L/B ratio. Among the 70 hybrids, CMS1 × KMR3 was good specific combiner for grain yield per plant and grain L/B ratio. It further revealed that SCA variances were higher than the GCA variances for all the characters which indicated preponderance of non-additive gene action. Hence, CMS 2 and KMR 3 are identified as promising lines which can be used in further breeding pro- gramme.

scholarly journals Combining ability analysis for grain yield and its attributes in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
BP Mallikarjuna ◽  
N Shivakumar ◽  
J Devendrappa ◽  
VD Sheela ◽  
G Bharamappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene

Combining ability on grain yield and its components from line × tester analysis of thirty rice hybrids (Oryza sativa L.) produced by crossing three newly developed CMS lines and ten testers of local origin were studied. The analysis revealed higher SCA variance than GCA variance for all the characters except plant height indicating the prevalence of non-additive gene action. The line KCMS 45A and testers MSN 36 and KMR 3 were the good general combiners for yield and its major contributing characters. MSN 99 was the only good general combiner among the male parents for earliness and dwarfness. The hybrids KCMS 46A × MSN 75, KCMS 44A × KMR 4 and KCMS 45A × KMR 3 were identified as potential hybrids for yield contributing characters based on SCA effects which could be exploited in future rice breeding programme by adopting heterosis breeding strategy. The contribution of testers towards the total variance was found higher than lines and line x tester interaction suggesting predominant of testers influence for these characters. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i1.21107 SAARC J. Agri., 12(1): 1-8 (2014)

scholarly journals Estimates of combining ability and standard heterosis for grain yield and various agromorphological traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 526-532
Author(s):  
Gaurav Kamboj ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Devi Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Standard Heterosis ◽  
Half Diallel

A study was conducted for estimating combining ability and standard heterosis for grain yield and various agromorphological traits involving 10 parents and their 45 F1s (half diallel) during 2012-13 and 2013-14. The results of present investigation revealed that additive gene action played a predominant role in the inheritance of most of the traits under study. On the basis of general combining ability (GCA) effects and specific combining ability (SCA) effects, three parents (Vallabh Basmati 21, Pusa Basmati 1, CSR 13) and three crosses (Vallabh Basmati 21 x Pusa 1121, Pusa 1121 x CSR 13 and Pusa Basmati 1 x CSR 13) were found good general and specific combiners. The best combinations mostly involved good x good and good x poor parental GCA effects suggesting that there is addi-tive x additive and additive x dominance type of gene action for yield and other component traits. The cross showing additive gene action can be improved by pedigree breeding and selection can be postponed to later generations. The most appropriate breeding method for the exploitation of non additive gene action will be heterosis breeding. The six best cross combinations (Vallabh Basmati 21 x CSR 30, CSR 30 x CSR 13, Vallabh Basmati 21 x CSR 13, CSR 30 x Pusa basmati 1, Pusa basmati 1 x CSR 13 and Vallabh Basmati 21 x Pusa basmati 1) had significant standard heterosis for grain yield and other component traits. The crosses which showed significant standard heter-osis is highly suitable for commercial exploitation of heterosis in rice crop.

scholarly journals The Effects of Combining Ability for Yield Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Sodic Soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Durgesh Kumar Shukla ◽  
S. N. Singh ◽  
S. C. Gaur ◽  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Hybrid Vigour ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Positive Effect

Information on combining ability is derived from data on twelve yield and yield contributing characters in fifteen male and three female parents utilised in line x tester fashion to estimate combining ability of rice genotypes under coastal saline condition. Forty Five hybrids generated from crossing three lines with fifteen testers were studied along with their parents for combining ability and gene action involved in the expression of characters in rice. The gca and sca effects were significant for all the characters. The magnitude of sca variance was higher than the gca variance for all the characters revealed the presence of predominance of non-additive gene action for all the characters under study. Halchal (-12.29) was found to be good general combiners for days to 50% flowering and early maturity, Halchal (-13.39). However, IR-24 (1.88) was good general combiners with significant positive effect for tallness. Magic (-12.05) good general combiners for dwarfness and Shriram 434 (1.57) was good general combiners for test weight however, Moti was best general combiner with gca estimates of 7.07 for harvest index and Kuber (3.48) was the good general combiners for yield/hill. Cross combinations RHR 27 x IR 24 (4.04) was significant and positive effect for yield/hill, performance for ear bearing tillers per plant were RHR 27 x IR 24 (1.88). In general, the crosses showing significant and desirable combining ability effects were associated with better per se performance for the respective traits. These hybrids could be utilized in heterosis breeding to exploit hybrid vigour.

scholarly journals Combining ability analysis for yield and yield contributing traits in maize (Zea mays L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-259
Author(s):  
HZ Raihan ◽  
S Sultana ◽  
M Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

An experiment on combining ability was carried out with 21 crosses produced from 7×7 diallel cross without reciprocal for grain yield and yield contributing characters in maize. Analysis of variance for combining ability showed that mean square (MS) due to GCA & SCA were highly significant for all characters except GCA in plant height, cob length and 1000 grain weight and SCA in maturity and row/cob indicated that all but mentioned traits were governed by both additive and non-additive gene action. Variances due to GCA were higher for all characters except thousand grain weight revealed that the predominance of additive gene action for all characters except thousand grain weight. Parent CML 487 and Ki 21 were the best general combiner for yield and most of the yield contributing characters. Parent BMZ 57 & BMZ 15 were the best general combiner for dwarf & earliness in plant. Among all the crosses CML 473 × Ki 21, CML 487 × Ki 21 and CML 429 × BIL 182 exhibited significant positive SCA effect for grain yield. The cross CML 429 × BIL 182 may be considered as the best cross with recorded significant mean value and desired SCA for traits like 1000 grain weight, yield (t/ha), days to 50% pollen shedding, days to 50% silking, plant height, ear height and days to maturity. The promising single crosses with significant and positive SCA could be used for variety development after verifying them across locations. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(2): 253-259, June 2019

scholarly journals Exploitation of combining ability and heterosis for development of maize hybrids for tarai region of Uttarakhand

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1570-1575
Author(s):  
Manjeet Kumar ◽  
S. S. Verma ◽  
Meenakshi Uniyal ◽  
Anupam Barh ◽  
N.K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Standard Heterosis ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Heterosis Breeding

The present investigation was carried out with fifty six genotypes involving 10 parents, their 45 F1s hybrids and one check hybrid in tarai region of Uttarakhand. The presence of more amount of variance due to SCA effects than GCA effects in our experimental material indicated that heterosis breeding is better choice. The good general combiners were P1, P3 and P4 for ear length; P8 for ear diameter; P5 and P8 for number of kernel rows per ear; P1 and P4 for number of kernels per row, P8 and P9 for100-kernel weight and P5 for grain yield, which can be utilized directly or indirectly in breeding programme. The best eight specific combiners for grain yield were P1xP8, P4xP10, P7xP8, P5xP8, P5xP9, P4xP9, P1xP2 and P5xP10 involving average x average, good x average, good x poor and average x poor parental combinations of generalcombining ability indicating the presence of non-additive gene action. The nine crosses, P1xP2, P1 xP5, P1xP8, P4xP9, P4xP10, P5 xP8, P5xP9, P5xP10 and P7xP8 had positive significant per cent heterosis for grain yield, and crosses namely P1xP4, P1xP5 and P1xP8 for ear length; P1xP3 and P1xP5 for number of kernels per row and P1xP8 and P9x P10 for 100-kernel weight were having positive significant per cent heterosis at 1% and/or 5% level of significance for respective traits. The crosses, P1xP2, P1xP8, P4xP9 andP7xP8 manifested high SCA effects along with excellent standard heterosis and per se performance for grain yield and also for most of the studied characters, therefore, classified as potential hybrids.

scholarly journals COMBING ABILITY OF CMS AND RESTORERS IN RICE (O. sativa L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
P. S. Biswas ◽  
A. W. Julfiquar ◽  
M. Wazuddin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Gene Interactions ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Additive Gene

General and specific combining ability effects were estimated from a 5 line × 8 tester crosses to explore the genetic behavior of CMS and restorers in rice. The variance for GCA and SCA showed predominance of non-additive gene action for all the ten morpho-physiological traits. The estimates of GCA effects revealed that none of the parent was general combiner for all the traits in desired direction. Gan46A and BR827R were good general combiners for higher grain yield coupled with earliness, and IR46R and BR168R was good general combiner for grain yield and lateness in maturity. Good x poor general combiners (Gan46A × Gui99R) for grain yield produced the best specific cross for higher grain yield coupled with earliness, longer panicle, panicles/plant, filled grains/panicle and less sterility (%). Additive × additive, additive × dominance and dominance × dominance gene interactions were involved in deriving good specific cross for grain yield.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v20i1.17013

Combining ability and testcross performance of low N tolerant intermediate maize inbred lines under low soil nitrogen and optimal environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (5) ◽  
pp. 351-370
Author(s):  
P.F. Ribeiro ◽  
B. Badu Apraku ◽  
V. Gracen ◽  
E.Y. Danquah ◽  
C. Afriyie-Debrah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
On Farm

AbstractLow soil nitrogen (low N) threatens maize production in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA). We examined the mode of gene action conditioning grain yield of intermediate maturing inbreds and evaluated lines in hybrid combinations for high yield, stability and tolerance to low N. Thirty-two sets of inbreds were crossed to three elite testers (87036, 1368 and 9071) to generate 96 F1 hybrids. The testcrosses plus four hybrid checks were evaluated under low (30 kg/ha) and high (90 kg/ha) N environments at three locations for 2 years in Ghana. Significant general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were detected for grain yield and most measured traits across test environments, indicating that both additive and non-additive gene action governed the inheritance of the traits. GCA effects were greater than SCA effects, indicating that most traits were controlled predominantly by additive gene action and that inbreds with positive significant GCA effects for grain yield and other traits would contribute favourable alleles to progenies across environments. Hybrid CZL 0001 × 9071 possessed high GY, increased EPP, desirable EHT and PLHT and was the highest yielding under each of two research conditions. Significant genetic correlations were observed between GY and PLHT, EPP, EHT, CA and PA implying that improvement of these traits would lead to significant gains in grain yield under low-N conditions. Hybrids CLWN 247 × 9071, ZM523B-29-2-1-1-B*6 × 9071, TZD II 68 × 1368 and P43SCRq Fs100-1-1-8 × 9071 were high-yielding, stable and low-N tolerant and should be tested on-farm and commercialized.

Response of wheat to post-anthesis water stress, and the nature of gene action as revealed by combining ability analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Sultan Mia ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Xingyi Wang ◽  
Zhanyuan Lu ◽  
Guijun Yan
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Stressed Condition ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene

Post-anthesis water stress is a major limitation to wheat grain yield globally. Understanding the nature of gene action of yield related traits under post-anthesis water stress will help to breed stress-resilient genotypes. Four bread wheat genotypes having varying degree of drought tolerance were crossed in a full-diallel fashion and the resultant crosses along with the parental genotypes, were subjected to water stress after the onset of anthesis in order to investigate their comparative performance and nature of gene action. Parental genotypes Babax (B) and Westonia (W) performed better compared with C306 (C) and Dharwar Dry (D) with respect to relative reduction in grain yield and related traits under stressed condition. Direct cross B × D and reciprocal cross W × C were more tolerant to water stress, while cross between C306 and Dharwar Dry, either direct or reciprocal, produced more sensitive genotypes. Combining ability analysis revealed that both additive and non-additive gene action were involved in governing the inheritance of the studied traits, with predominance of non-additive gene action for most of the traits. Among the parents, Babax and Westonia were better combiners for grain yield under stress condition. B × D in stressed condition, and C × W in both stressed and stress-free conditions, were the most suitable specific crosses. Moreover, specificity of parental genotypes as female parents in cross combination was also evident from the significant reciprocal combining ability effects of certain traits. Low to medium narrow sense heritability and high broad sense heritability were observed for most of the studied traits in both well watered and water stress conditions. The results of the study suggested that specific cross combinations with high specific combining ability involving better performing parents with high general combining ability may generate hybrids as well as segregating populations suitable for further breeding programs.

scholarly journals Heterosis and combining ability estimates for the total number of eggs laid per female in silkworm, Bombyx mori L.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
H A Rashid ◽  
S M Rahman ◽  
M K Ahsan
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Ability Estimates ◽  
Diallel Crossing ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori

Heterosis and combining ability for total number of eggs laid per female silkworm Bombyx mori L were investigated in a six parent diallel crossing programme in four rearing seasons. Magnitude of heterosis varied from seasons to season and was not consistent over characters. Effect of season was important in the expression of genetic variances and other parameters studied. Considerable amount to heterosis was obtained in the crosses where parents Nistari Oval (G), BSRI-98 and BV-High were involved. Parental performance as judged by general combining ability quantities indicated that BSRI-98 was the best general combining parent in all the rearing seasons. The variance due to the specific combing ability (?2 sca) was higher than the general combining ability (?2gca) in all seasons, indicating the preponderance of non-additive gene action in inheritance of that trait. Majority of the crosses showing significant sca effects had either one or both the parents were good general combiners. Thus the combining ability of parents may be considered as a reliable guide in the prediction of the yield potential of those crosses. The crosses Nistari Oval (G)×BSRI-98, Nistari×BSRI-98 and BSRI-95× Nan Nung7B are recommended for the commercial exploitation of heterosis as an important egg producing breeds in majority of the rearing seasons.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v30.10754 Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 30, 2011 pp. 55-59

scholarly journals Gene action, combining ability and heterosis in rice genotypes of North Western Himalayas

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-278
Author(s):  
Hausila Prasad Singh ◽  
Daisy Basandrai ◽  
Om Prakash Raigar ◽  
Ashwani Kumar Basandrai
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Western Himalayas ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Maturity Period ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Results of these studies revealed that both additive and non-additive gene actions were involved in the inheritance of all traits. Preponderance of additive gene action was observed in the inheritance of ten traits viz., days to 75% maturity, plant height, spikelets/panicle, grains/panicle, harvest index, grain length, grain breadth, L:B ratio, amylose content and grain yield/plant. Preponderance of non-additive gene action was observed in the inheritance of eight traits viz., days to 50% flowering, maturity period, total tillers/plant, effective tillers/plant, panicle length, spikelet fertility, biological yield/plant and test weight. Genotype HPR 3007 followed by HPR 1156 and Kasturi were identified as superior parents based on high grain yield/plant and general combining ability. HPR 3007 × HPR 2373 followed by HPR 3007 × HPR 2612, Kasturi × HPR 2612 and HPR 3007 × HPR 3010 were identified as promising crosses based on high grain yield/plant, heterosis and specific combining ability. Identified superior parents and crosses can be used as donor parents for the improvement of existing low yielding basmati cultivars.

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