Teacher Reports on Opportunity to Learn: Analyses of the 1993 California Learning Assessment System (CLAS)

1995 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Wiley ◽  
Bokhee Yoon

The California Learning Assessment System 1993 OTL Study allowed examination of the extent to which California public school mathematics teachers had been exposed to the practices consistent with those advocated in the California Curriculum Frameworks; the extent to which those teachers implemented these practices in their classrooms; and their impact on student performance in mathematics. The findings support the conclusion that curriculum and instruction that require higher level skills benefit students’ achievements. The data are the best available measures of California students’ learning of higher level skills, and provide consistent information for discussion and debate among educators about reform strategies.

AI Magazine ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyou Jia

CSIEC (Computer Simulation in Educational Communication), is not only an intelligent web-based human-computer dialogue system with natural language for English instruction, but also a learning assessment system for learners and teachers. Its multiple functions—including grammar-based gap filling exercises, scenario show, free chatting and chatting on a given topic—can satisfy the various requirements for students with different backgrounds and learning abilities. After a brief explanation of the conception of our dialogue system, as well as a survey of related works, we will illustrate the system structure, and describe its pedagogical functions with the underlying AI techniques in detail such as NLP and rule-based reasoning. We will summarize the free Internet usage within a six month period and its integration into English classes in universities and middle schools. The evaluation findings about the class integration show that the chatting function has been improved and frequently utilized by the users, and the application of the CSIEC system on English instruction can motivate the learners to practice English and enhance their learning process. Finally, we will conclude with potential improvements.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-500
Author(s):  
Nataliya Podkhodova ◽  
Viktoria Snegurova ◽  
Natalia Stefanova ◽  
Alla Triapitsyna ◽  
Svetlana Pisareva

Development of students’ mathematical skills is associated with quality teaching, which means that mathematics teachers should be able to successfully solve mathematical, teaching, and professional problems. The article aims to describe the assessment system of mathematics school teachers’ professional competence, which helps identify gaps in their training and design tailor-made retraining courses. 2,359 mathematics teachers from 13 regions of Russia participated in the research on 05–29 September 2017. Foremost, we conducted a survey and collected data about their teacher category and teacher expertise. Next, we provided a preliminary diagnostic test to enable the participants to self-assess their subject matter and teaching competencies. After that, they completed a three-part diagnostic test to assess their abilities to solve mathematical, teaching, and professional problems. Finally, the participants conducted video lessons. The three-part diagnostic test and video lessons allowed determining the professional competence level for every mathematics teacher. 24% participants showed level I of professional competence, 44% – level II, 9% – level II; 23% participants did not pass the basic level of professional competence. The results show that the mathematics teachers have difficulties in solving mathematical, teaching, or professional problems so tailor-made retraining courses are required. The developed assessment system underlies designing the courses.


Author(s):  
Lorelei R. Coddington

Recent shifts in standards of instruction in the United States call for a balance between conceptual and procedural types of teaching and learning. With this shift, an emphasis has also been placed on ensuring teachers have the knowledge and tools to support students to improve student performance. Since many struggle in learning mathematics, teachers need practical ways to support students while also building their conceptual knowledge. Research has highlighted many promising approaches and strategies that can differentiate instruction and provide needed support. This chapter highlights various examples found in the research and explains how the approaches and strategies can be used to maximize student learning in the inclusive classroom.


2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-152
Author(s):  
Allison R. Fleming ◽  
Katherine M. Kline ◽  
Brian N. Phillips

Purpose: To determine methods of student learning assessment and clinical training in rehabilitation counseling programs. With many shifts occurring in postsecondary education and in rehabilitation counseling, it is critical to understand these current practices.Method: The authors used an Internet-based survey design to solicit program approaches to student learning assessment and clinical training. Respondents (n = 34) provided description of assessments, perceived effectiveness, satisfaction, and brief comments on the strengths and weaknesses of the approaches employed by the program.Results: Programs reported various assessments used during and at the completion of the training program. Programs also reported varied frequency and intensity of involvement with clinical placement, although most seek certified rehabilitation counselors as supervisors along with other professionals.Conclusion: Strengthening assessment methods to be able to show that students possess the clinical skills and knowledge necessary to become effective counselors is a high priority for our field and will become increasingly necessary within the context of changing credentialing standards.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
MG. Rini Kristiantari

Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan bekal pemahaman dan keterampilan pada mahasiswaJurusan Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha dalam menulis artikel ilmiah.Alasan yang mendasari dilakukannya kajian ini adalah adanya fakta bahwa selama ini pelaksanaanperkuliahan menulis karya ilmiah cenderung bersifat monoton, dengan teknik presentasi, diskusi,pembelajaran bersifat klasikal. Meskipun variasi metode pembelajaran baru digunakan, namun masihjuga menimbulkan kejenuhan pada mahasiswa dalam belajar dikarenakan masih saja bersifat teori.Untuk itu diperlukan inovasi pembelajaran baru baik model maupun metode yang menggabungkanantara teori dan praktik pembelajaran agar mahasiswa benar-benar paham secara teori maupun praktikmenulis artikel ilmiah, yakni memberikan kesempatan kepada mahasiswa belajar praktik menulis artikeldi dalam maupun di luar kelas, dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis projek (PBP). Kajianini dirancang secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan setting lesson study. Subjek terteliti adalah mahasiswasemester VI PGSD FIP Undiksha di Denpasar. Data pemahaman dalam menulis artikel ilmiah sertaproses kinerja mahasiswa dijaring dengan tes menulis artikel dan pengamatan langsung. Selanjutya datayang terkumpul dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan berdasar pada panduan berupa rubrik penilaian artikelilmiah dan dipersentasekan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara teori pemahaman mahasiswaterhadap teknik menulis artikel ilmiah hasil penelitian meningkat. Hal itu dibuktikan dengan skor/nilaiyang diperoleh mahasiswa terteliti. Pada awal sebelum dilakukan kajian, nilai mahasiswa berada padakategori B, C, bahkan ada yang D; setelah dilakukan kajian skor/nilai mahasiswa berada pada kategori Adan B. Hal ini berarti bahwa pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan model PBP dalamseting lesson study dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan mahasiswa dalam menulis artikelilmiah. This study aims to provide knowledge and skills to University Education students at Ganesha in writing scientificarticles. The reason underlying this research is the fact that so far the implementation of lectures in writing scientificworks has tended to be monotonous, with classical presentation, discussion and learning techniques. Although a varietyof new learning methods have been used, it still causes student saturation in learning because it is still theoretical. Forthis reason, new learning innovations are needed, both models and methods that combine learning theory and practiceso that students truly understand the theory and practice of scientific article writing, namely to provide students withthe opportunity to learn the practice of writing articles inside and outside the classroom, using project-based learningmodel (PBP).This study was designed in a qualitative descriptive manner with lesson study settings. The subjectsstudied were VI semester students at Undiksha FIP in Denpasar. Data about understanding in writing scientific articles and the process of student performance are collected by direct observation methods and article writing tests.Furthermore, the collected data is analyzed qualitatively based on the guidelines in the form of rubrics anddisagreements.The results of the study indicate that in theory students' understanding of the technique of writingscientific articles results of research increases. This is evidenced by the score / value obtained by the students studied. Atthe beginning before the research was conducted, the student grades were in categories B, C, some even D; after thisstudy the value of student studies is in categories A and B. This means that learning carried out using the Project-BasedLearning model in the lesson study setting can improve students' understanding and skills in writing scientific articles.Menulis artikel ilmiah dan pembelajaran berbasis projek


Author(s):  
Honjen Thiharu Maingi Kirikua ◽  
Dr Paul Maithya ◽  
Dr Alexander Ronoh

Performance in Mathematics in Meru County, Kenya from 2012 to 2016 has consistently been deteriorating. The purpose of this study was an evaluation of how the administrative strategies designed by the principals affected students’ performance in the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) in Meru County. Objectives that directed the study were to evaluate the various attributes on student performance in KCSE examination in Meru County. The objective was to evaluate principal’s support to teachers through Mathematics seminars/workshops and student’s performance in Mathematics. This study used ex post facto design. The research instrument was Mathematics teachers’ questionnaire, KCSE document analysis for five years in Meru County and Principal’s interview guide. The target population was 299 principals and 836 Mathematics teachers in the County. This study used stratified random sampling with proportional allocation. The sample size was 30% of the total target population translating to 92 principals and 251 Mathematics teachers. Validity was ensured by piloting the instrument. Reliability was ensured by using split half technique. The findings revealed that principals were not sponsoring Mathematics teachers to attend workshops and seminars.. The principals cited a lack of resources and budgetary allocation to the low number of Mathematics teachers attending seminars and workshops. The findings of the study were expected to be useful to the Ministry of Education, teachers and students as well as other stakeholders in the education sector.


Author(s):  
Heber Gonçalves Guedes ◽  
Aziz Xavier Beiruth

The goal of the study was to analyze the effect of granting financial incentives to teachers in relation to the performance of students from full-time schools of Espírito Santo. A method of matching was used by means PSM (propensity score matching) and then a Tobit regression to analyze the exam scores of the SAEB (National Basic Education Assessment System) in 2017. The results found showed that there is a positive association and related between the BD (Bonificação por Desempenho) program and the Portuguese and mathematics grades of third-year high school students from full-time schools in Espírito Santo. The work concludes by explaining that the success of the program to the reduction in absenteeism and the decrease in teacher turnover.


Author(s):  
Richard Lehrer

There is widespread agreement about the importance of accounting for the extent to which educational systems advance student learning. Yet, the forms and formats of accountable assessments often ill serve students and teachers; the summative judgements of student performance that are typically employed to indicate proficiencies on benchmarks of student learning commonly fail to capture student performance in ways that are specific and actionable for teachers. Timing is another key barrier to the utility of summative assessment. In the US, summative evaluations occur at the end of the school year and may serve future students, but do not help teachers better support the students who were tested. In contrast, formative assessments provide actionable grounds to improve the quality of instruction on the basis of both the granularity and specificity of their content and their timing. Unfortunately, the psychometric qualities of formative assessments are often unknown. I describe an innovative approach to assessment that aims to blend the productive characteristics of both summative and formative assessment. The resulting assessment system is accountable to students and teachers by providing actionable information for improving classroom instruction, and at the same time, it addresses the demands of psychometric quality for purposes of system accountability as it is currently practiced (in the US). The innovative assessment system relies on partnership with teachers to generate (1) a shared conceptual frame for describing instructional goals and valued forms of teaching and learning; (2) a set of electronic tools to help teachers detect, share, analyse, and interpret student learning data; and (3) classroom and school-level community professional development structures to support and sustain a widespread practice of assessing to guide instruction. These features are coupled with new psychometric models, developed by the Berkeley Evaluation and Research Center, that provide more robust estimates of student learning by linking information from multiple sources, including student classroom work, student responses to formative assessments, and summative evaluations. (Mark Wilson will address the psychometric modeling during this conference.) Here I describe challenges and prospects for this innovation with a case study of its implementation in a K–5 elementary school that is seeking to improve the quality of instruction and students’ understandings of measure and rational number arithmetic.


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