Oral health and its influence on cognitive behavioral therapy in patients fulfilling the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV criteria for intra-oral injection phobia

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maren Lillehaug Agdal ◽  
Magne Raadal ◽  
Erik Skaret ◽  
Gerd Kvale
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

scholarly journals KLEPTOMANIA: MANIFESTASI KLINIS DAN PILIHAN TERAPI

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Yelvi Levani ◽  
Aldo Dwi Prastya ◽  
Safira Nur Ramadhani
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
American Psychiatric Association ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

Kleptomania (curi patologis) merupakan salah satu bentuk gangguan kejiawaan yang ditandai dengan mencuri berulang. Perilaku tersebut disertai dengan keinginan kuat yang sulit dikendalikan. Kleptomania dapat berhubungan dengan gangguan kejiwaan seperti depresi, kecanduan alcohol, gangguan kecemasan dan gangguan obsesif kompulsif. Kleptomania memiliki kesamaan gejala dengan adiksi seperti adanya tekanan yang kuat sebelum keinginan tersebut dicapai, penurunan keinginan segera sesaat setelah aksi dilakukan, adanya jeda waktu (jam, hari atau minggu) terhadap munculnya keinginan melakukan aksi pencurian berulang, serta terdapat perasaan senang setelah melakukan aksinya Kleptomania juga dapat berkaitan denganperubahan mood. Kriteria diagnostik untuk kleptomania berdasarkan American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diantaranya adalah prilaku mencuri barang berulang dimana penderita tidak mampu untuk mengendalikan keinginan tersebut. Barang yang dicuri biasanya tidak diperlukan oleh pasien dan bukan untuk dijual. Terdapat beberapa alat bantu untuk penegakkan diagnosis kleptomaniadiantaranya adalah Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale Modified for Kleptomania (K-YBOCS) dan Kleptomania Symptom Asessment Scale (K-SAS). K-YBOSC merupakan alat ukur keparahan gejala kleptomania. Untuk terapi farmakologi diantaranya Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) merupakan golongan antidepresan yang bekerja dengan meningkatkan level serotonin di otak dan naltrexon merupakan terapi medikasi terhadap adiksi alcohol selain itu beberapa psikoterapi yang banyak dilakukan untuk penderita kleptomania adalah Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), psikoterapi kognitif, desensitisasi sistemik dan terapi aversi. Psikoterapi ini bertujuan untuk mengubah persepsi penderita terhadap tindakan mencuri dan mengalihkan minat ke hal lain.Kata kunci: kleptomania, psikopatologi, adiks

scholarly journals Cognitive-behavioral therapy for generalized anxiety

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Scientific Psychology ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Study Completion

As a form of therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is more than a mere “toolbox.” CBT allows us to better understand how the human mind is functioning because it is based on neuroscience and experimental and scientific psychology. At the beginning, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) was “nontheoretical,” but nowadays (the most recent version being DSM-5), it is increasingly based on CBT paradigms (with the insertion of important notions such as cognitions and behaviors). This Brief Report presents what we currently know about generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and how we can treat this condition by nonpharmaceutical means. In the last few years, GAD theories have evolved, becoming more precise about the cognitive functioning of GAD sufferers. Here, we look at current theoretical models and the main techniques of therapeutic care, as well as the advances in research about the “transdiagnostic” process and GAD in childhood. CBT is an effective treatment for GAD, typically leading to reductions in worry, and a study has shown that such therapy is equal to pharmaceutical treatment and more effective 6 months after study completion.

Association between BDNF DNA methylation and symptom improvement following cognitive-behavioral therapy in stress-related mental disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 105009
Author(s):  
Eva Unternaehrer ◽  
Samuel Carleial ◽  
Anke Koebach ◽  
Anja Zeller ◽  
Gunther Meinlschmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Symptom Improvement

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: An Adult Case Responding to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aynur Görmez ◽  
Alperen Kılıç ◽  
İsmet Kırpınar
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Feeding Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a new diagnostic category in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 ( DSM-5) which replaces and extends the DSM-4 diagnosis of feeding disorder of infancy or early childhood. There is limited information as to the characteristics of the patients with ARFID, its course and prognosis and treatment. We aim to contribute to available literature on ARFID by presenting this case. We discussed a young lady with ARFID who responded well to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with successful application of in vivo exposure, systematic desensitization, and cognitive restructuring techniques. After the 12 sessions of CBT as inpatient and eight sessions as outpatient, she gained 4 kg (8.81 lbs); her body mass index (BMI) rising from 16 to 17.5 kg/m2, Hamilton anxiety rating score dropped from 27 to 5. She continued to improve reaching the BMI of 18.3 kg/m2 6-month post-discharge. This case suggests that CBT can be a useful treatment modality in adults with ARFID.

A Clinical Psychological Perspective on Hyper- and Hypo-egoicism

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly E. Moore ◽  
Emily Ann Boren ◽  
June Price Tangney
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

This chapter explores common forms of mental illness, conceptualizing hyper-egoicism as a transdiagnostic factor that has primary relevance to multiple disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. It discusses the degree to which major approaches to psychotherapy (psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive-behavioral, and mindfulness-based therapies) appear to be hyper- or hypo-egoic in focus and outcome, concluding with a discussion of common characteristics of effective clinicians, arguing that they bring to the therapy hour a foundational hypo-egoic mindset but must be able to skillfully and selectively engage in hyper-egoic processes that can inform treatment. The premise of this chapter is that the clinical psychologist’s waiting room is the land of the hyper-egoic—a room rife with people painfully mired in hyper-egoic mindsets.

Management of Depression in Children and Adolescents

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 488-497
Author(s):  
Julie A. Dopheide
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Pediatric Psychiatry

Depression is increasingly recognized as an illness that causes functional impairment and diminished quality of life for all age groups, including children. One to two percent of children and between 4% and 8% of adolescents meet Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(4th ed.) (DSM-IV-TR) criteria for major depression. Psychotherapy, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy, is effective, with 70% response rates. Antidepressants are effective according to limited controlled trials; however, concern exists over the gap between research and clinical practice, as most antidepressants are not well-studied in youth. Nevertheless, pharmacotherapy has gained greater acceptance in pediatric psychiatry, and prescriptions for antidepressants in youth have increased dramatically over the past 5 to 10 years. In 1995, 1.08 million selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor prescriptions were written for children and adolescents. Scientific evidence for the safety and effectiveness of antidepressants in youth is reviewed along with data on nondrug interventions such as cognitive-behavioral therapy. Recommendations for promoting the safe and effective management of depression in children and adolescents is provided.

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