Velcro on the Slippery Slope: The Role of Psychiatry in Active Voluntary Euthanasia

1995 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 580-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher James Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Terminally Ill ◽  
Slippery Slope ◽  
Voluntary Euthanasia ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Slippery Slope Argument ◽  
Affected Person ◽  
The Right

Objective: The aim of the paper is to determine the role that psychiatrists should play in legislation that establishes a right to active voluntary euthanasia (AVE). Method: One version of the “slippery slope” argument, usually invoked against the legalisation of AVE, is recast as an argument for the introduction of strong safeguards in any future AVE legislation. The literature surrounding the prevalence of psychiatric illnesses in the terminally ill, physicians' ability to identify such illnesses and the aetiology of suicide in the terminally ill is examined. Results: The strength of the slippery slope argument, combined with the poor ability of general physicians to diagnose psychiatric illness in the terminally ill, demands that any legislation allowing AVE should require a mandatory psychiatric review of the patient requesting euthanasia. Conclusions: Any legislation adopted that establishes a right to active voluntary euthanasia should include a mandatory psychiatric review of the person requesting euthanasia and a cooling off period before the request is acceded to. In addition, the discovery of a serious mental illness ought to disqualify the affected person from the right to AVE until that illness resolves.

scholarly journals Role of Big Data Analytics in Healthcare

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4174-4177 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Affected Person ◽  
Commercial Enterprise ◽  
The Right ◽  
Use Of Knowledge ◽  
Massive Information

Big data analytics has turn out to be the principle essence of just about every area in modern life such as healthcare, commercial enterprise and plenty of different industries. Recent improvements in technology have absolutely changed the way our every day existence operates as hastily evolving advancements are leading towards bigger use of knowledge in the direction of high-quality lifestyles. Recently, investigators in healthcare technology are generating complex and excessivedimensional records using diverse datasets and for this reason, these disciplines become more record-intensive. Hence, this may be considered as the right time to efficiently use the statistics analytics in healthcare and medical research to enhance remedy and affected person care. One side, big data analytics is coupled with some drawbacks and demanding situations than the existing conventional techniques. However, massive statistics is the imperative part of diverse researches like in human genome, which holds the promising future for subsequent generations. This makes it feasible to achieve a consolidated data associated with patient’s health which allows analysing the expected effects precisely. Therefore, these types of innovations have made it possible to use massive information in healthcare for improving the clinical operations, financial strategies in clinical sectors with digitized record upkeep and early ailment detection. Big data revolution has widened the horizons of healthcare and biomedical technology as it gives open record pool of affected person’s previous health facts for better analysis & assessment in future and thereby improving the medical practices with powerful scientific services.

scholarly journals Pro Bono Legal Aid by Advocates: Guarantee of Justice for the Poor

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-552
Author(s):  
Chairani Azifah
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
Legal Aid ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Pro Bono ◽  
The Law ◽  
Problem Formulations ◽  
The Right

The implementation of legal aid is a manifestation of Indonesia as a legal state that guarantees the human rights of citizens to equality before the law which is guaranteed in the 1945 Constitution. Within the framework of implementing this citizen's human rights, the provision of free legal aid is, among other things, obligated to advocates based on Article 22 Law on advocates and their implementing regulations. From this, two problem formulations were made as follows: What is the juridical review of the provision of pro bono legal aid? And what is the role of advocates in providing pro bono legal aid? This research is based on normative legal research, which is a research conducted by reviewing and analyzing legal materials and legal issues related to the problems studied. The results of the author's discussion found that free legal aid is the right of the poor to obtain the same justice as other communities, so that the protection of their rights is well fulfilled and the principle of equality before the law. Advocates are obliged to provide free legal aid to justice seekers, and to obtain free legal assistance, justice seekers must submit a written application to an advocate organization or legal aid institution.

scholarly journals Mekanisme Kemitraan Petani PIR-TRANS dan PT. Tania SelatanMelalui Koperasi untuk Produksi Kelapa Sawit di Desa Tania Makmur, Kecamatan Lempuing Jaya, Kabupaten OKI, Propinsi Sumatera Selatan

2019 ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
KADEK MARTINI NINGSIH ◽  
I KETUT RANTAU ◽  
PUTU UDAYANI WIJAYANTI
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Harvesting Process ◽  
The Right ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Poor Management

Partnership Mechanism of PIR-TRANS farmers and PT. Tania Selatan through a cooperative for Palm Oil Production in Tania Makmur Village,Lempuing Jaya Sub-district, OKI Regency, South Sumatera Province PIR-TRANS and PT. South Tania could make farmers feel aggrieved because of  the lack of good management company, so the PIR-TRANS farmers need to know the mechanisms and constraints on partnership between farmers PIR-TRANS and PT. South Tania through cooperatives. Mechanisms of partnership can be seen from the rights and obligations of farmers and companies, as well as the role of relevant institutions and the constraints faced by companies and farmers. The data used in the form of qualitative data sourced from primary and secondary data. Methods of data collection in the form of in-depth interviews and documentation. The analytical method used is descriptive qualitative method. The results showed that mechanisms and constraints in the implementation of partnership is based on a written agreement between farmers of PIRTRANS and PT. Tania Selatan has been implemented quite well. Farmers' right to getseeds, development and marketing of crops. The right of the company is to get the harvest in accordance with the standards of the company. The farmer's obligation is to supply all crops according to the company standards. The company's obligation is to maintain the infrastructure. The certainty of roles between farmers and companies has been running optimally. The biggest obstacle faced by farmers and companies is the poor road infrastructure causing inhibition of transportation and harvesting process, especially in the rainy season, and poor management of the company to make farmers feel harmed at the beginning of cooperation done.

Dualism and the ‘difficult patient’: why integrating neuroscience matters

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 327-330
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Novick ◽  
David A. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Difficult Patient ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
False Dichotomy ◽  
Traditional Medical Model ◽  
Behavioural Aspects

SUMMARYPatients with psychiatric illness present a unique challenge to clinicians: in contrast to the traditional medical model, in which patients are conceptualised as being stricken by a disease, patients with certain psychiatric illnesses may seem complicit in the illness. Questions of free will, choice and the role of the physician can cause clinicians to feel helpless, disinterested or even resentful. These tensions are a lasting legacy of centuries of mind–body dualism. Over the past several decades, modern tools have finally allowed us to break down this false dichotomy. Integrating a modern neuroscience perspective into practice allows clinicians to conceptualise individuals with psychiatric illness in a way that promotes empathy and enhances patient care. Specifically, a strong grasp of neuroscience prevents clinicians from falling into the trap in which behavioural aspects of a patient's presentation are perceived as being separate from the disease process. We demonstrate the value of incorporating neuroscience into a biopsychosocial formulation through the example of a ‘difficult patient’.

scholarly journals Immigration Bill 2007: Special Advocates and the Right to be Heard

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lani Inverarity
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Common Law ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Affected Person ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The Right ◽  
Special Advocates ◽  
Similar Development

The increasing role of "special advocates" in common law jurisdictions raises fundamental questions about the development of the law in response to new challenges and the extent to which individual rights can be abrogated in the name of national security. Special advocates are employed to examine and challenge classified evidence, withheld from affected persons and their legal advisors, in closed proceedings. They are, notionally, representing the affected person, but face an almost complete restriction on communication once exposed to the classified evidence. This is strikingly at odds with long-established norms of advocacy and a fair hearing, leading the United Kingdom Joint Committee on Human Rights to describe the system as "Kafkaesque".  The special advocate function, widely utilised in the United Kingdom, will be statutorily introduced into New Zealand with the passing of the Immigration Bill 2007, mirroring a similar development in Canada. The Bill extends the use of classified information in immigration decision-making and allows for special advocates to examine and challenge classified evidence in review, appeal or detention proceedings. That Bill is the subject of this article.

scholarly journals PERAN LEMBAGA AMIL ZAKAT DOMPET DHUAFA DALAM MEMBERDAYAKAN PETERNAK MISKIN DI BANGKALAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 908
Author(s):  
Mar‟atus Sholikah ◽  
Suherman Rosyidi
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Program Success ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Network Provider ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Right

Poverty is a serious problem in Indonesia. As a developing country, the poor inhabitants in Indonesia is still high. According to BPS, shows that 27,7 thousand individu is the poor. Therefore to reduce the problem of poverty, empowerment is one of the right solutions. Especially for poor farmers. Dompet Dhuafa Amil Zakah institution has a empowerment program for the poor farmers, namely “Ternak Berdaya” This study aims to describe the role of Dompet Dhuafa (DD) amil zakat institution in economic empowerment of Farmers in Lantek Temor village, Galis District, Bangkalan City. Using qualitative descriptive approach with study case method, the data collected are donetrough interviews, observation, and documentation. In validating the data, this study uses source triangulation and technique triangulation. Analytical Technique uses descriptive analysis with stages data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The results of this study indicate that DD has a role in economic empowerment of Farmers as a capital giver from zakah and market network provider, but didn‟t optimal yet. It could be seen through the results of the analysis of four indicators of program success, namely welfare consisting of food, clothing, shelter, and spiritual aspects, increasing income, making itwork, and transforming mustahik into muzaki. Among four indicators there are some that have not been met, namely welfare from the spiritual aspect, due to the absence of special religious programs for farmers groups. In addition, the additional income from this program is still relatively small so it can not transform the mustahik be the muzaki of zakah mal.

Interrupting planetary urbanization: A view from Middle Eastern cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Khatam ◽  
Oded Haas
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Political Citizenship ◽  
New City ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

This paper argues that the ‘city’ as a political entity is significant in struggles over the ‘urban’, by identifying two moments of ‘differential urbanization’ in the Middle East. Our study in Iran and Palestine/Israel shows that the vision of the ‘city’ as a legitimizing space for political citizenship is at the heart of conflicting imaginaries: in Iran, ‘cities of revolution’ built through housing the poor around Tehran, and redistributive politics that stand on filling the ‘rural/urban gap’, and in Palestine, the new city of Rawabi as a city of Palestinian independence, where privatized urban development contrasts colonial spatialities with anti-colonial potentials. Thus, the right to the ‘urban’ involves claims for the ‘city’ that go beyond the capitalist logic of urbanization. This theorization points to a troubling gap in the planetary urbanization thesis, which moves from collapsing the ‘urban/non-urban’ divide into ‘concentrated’, extended’ and ‘differential’ urbanization to diminishing the role of distinct sociospatial configurations in claims over the ‘urban’. Our case studies show that examining the reconfiguration of inherited spatialities in the context of particular political regimes is imperative for epistemology of the ‘urban’ in its planetary stage. Urbanization otherwise remains an uninterrupted process towards a non-spatial ‘urban condition’.

VOLUNTARY EUTHANASIA AND THE LOGICAL SLIPPERY SLOPE ARGUMENT

2002 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hallvard Lillehammer
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Slippery Slope ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Voluntary Euthanasia ◽  
Slippery Slope Arguments ◽  
Slippery Slope Argument

In his recent book “Euthanasia, Ethics, and Public Policy”, John Keown puts forward two slippery slope arguments against the legalisation of voluntary euthanasia. One of these arguments claims that a defender of voluntary euthanasia is logically committed to the permissibility of non-voluntary euthanasia. This paper seeks to show that Keown’s argument either rests on a logical confusion or on a misunderstanding of the value of autonomy.

The Kuhse-Singer Euthanasia Survey: Why it Fails to Undermine the Slippery Slope Argument — Comparing Apples and Apples

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bagaric
Keyword(s):  
Medical Journal ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Slippery Slope ◽  
Voluntary Euthanasia ◽  
Slippery Slope Argument ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
The Law

AbstractA survey published in the Medical Journal of Australia in 1997 showed that the incidence of non-voluntary euthanasia in Australia was higher than in the Netherlands. Euthanasia is illegal in Australia, while it is openly practiced in the Netherlands. It has been suggested that the results of the survey undermine the slippery slope argument against legalising euthanasia. This is wrong. Although at the time of the survey, euthanasia was formally prohibited by the law in Australia, the medical and legal culture was such that doctors could practice euthanasia with impunity — in certain circumstances euthanasia by doctors was effectively condoned. This is in fact supported by the findings of the survey. The survey suggests that there were approximately 6,700 cases of euthanasia in Australia in the year from July 1994 to June 1995 — not one of which was prosecuted, let alone resulted in a conviction. Ultimately the survey merely shows that in a climate where voluntary euthanasia is tolerated, wide scale abuses (in the form of non-voluntary euthanasia) occur. Paradoxically the results of the survey give further support to the slippery slope argument.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document