Laboratory Study: Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms in Rat Renal Tissue After Daunorubicin Administration

Abstract Background The main side effect of gentamicin is nephrotoxicity. The effect of cobalamin (Cob) was investigated on gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats. Methods Renal injury induced by i.p. injection of gentamicin (100 mg/kg) for 8 consecutive days. Cobalamin (6 mg/kg/day, i.p) treatment was done for 8 consecutive days as co-treatment and post-treatment protocol. Results Cobalamin significantly increased creatinine clearance levels and renal blood flow which were reduced by gentamicin. Also, cobalamin significantly improved serum electrolytes (sodium and potassium) levels which were disturbed by gentamicin. Cobalamin significantly compensated deficits in the antioxidant defense mechanisms, suppressed lipid per oxidation and ameliorated renal tissue damage mediated by gentamicin. Conclusion The results of the current study indicated that cobalamin effectively protected the kidney tissue against gentamicin induced acute nephrotoxicity in rats. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities can be supposed the main factors responsible for the nephroprotective effect of cobalamin.

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Modulatory Effects of Deltamethrin on Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms and Lipid Peroxidation in Carassius auratus gibelio Liver and Intestine

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ◽

10.1007/s00244-009-9401-0 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 757-764 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Diana Dinu ◽

Diana Marinescu ◽

Maria Cristina Munteanu ◽

Andreea Cristina Staicu ◽

Marieta Costache ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Carassius Auratus ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Carassius Auratus Gibelio

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Structural antioxidant defense mechanisms in the mammalian and nonmammalian kidney: different solutions to the same problem?

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00364.2010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 299 (3) ◽

pp. R723-R727 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Paul M. O'Connor ◽

Roger G. Evans

Keyword(s):

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Tissue Oxygenation ◽

Renal Cortex ◽

Defense Mechanism ◽

Kidney Tissue ◽

Renal Tissue ◽

Renal Veins ◽

Arteries And Veins ◽

Antioxidant Mechanisms

Tissue oxygen levels are tightly regulated in all organs. This poses a challenge for the kidney, as its function requires blood flow, and thus, oxygen delivery to greatly exceed its metabolic requirements. Because superoxide production in the kidney is dependent on oxygen availability, tissue hyperoxia could drive oxidative stress. In the mammalian renal cortex, this problem may have been solved, in part, through a structural antioxidant defense mechanism. That is, arteries and veins are closely associated in a countercurrent arrangement, facilitating diffusional arterial-to-venous (AV) oxygen shunting. Because of this mechanism, a proportion of the oxygen delivered in the renal artery never reaches kidney tissue but instead diffuses to the closely associated renal veins, thus limiting oxygen transport to tissue. In the nonmammalian kidney, arteries and veins are not arranged in an intimate countercurrent fashion as in mammals; thus AV oxygen shunting is likely less important in regulation of kidney oxygenation in these species. Instead, the kidney's blood supply is predominately of venous origin. This likely has a similar impact on tissue oxygenation as AV oxygen shunting, of limiting delivery of oxygen to renal tissue. Thus, we hypothesize the evolution of structural antioxidant mechanisms that are anatomically divergent but functionally homologous in the mammalian and nonmammalian kidney.

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Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction Ameliorates Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms and Improves Replicative Senescence-Associated Oxidative Stress in Human Myoblasts

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2017/3868305 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Shy Cian Khor ◽

Wan Zurinah Wan Ngah ◽

Yasmin Anum Mohd Yusof ◽

Norwahidah Abdul Karim ◽

Suzana Makpol

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Free Radical ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Replicative Senescence ◽

Ros Generation ◽

Tocotrienol Rich Fraction

During aging, oxidative stress affects the normal function of satellite cells, with consequent regeneration defects that lead to sarcopenia. This study aimed to evaluate tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) modulation in reestablishing the oxidative status of myoblasts during replicative senescence and to compare the effects of TRF with other antioxidants (α-tocopherol (ATF) andN-acetyl-cysteine (NAC)). Primary human myoblasts were cultured to young, presenescent, and senescent phases. The cells were treated with antioxidants for 24 h, followed by the assessment of free radical generation, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme mRNA expression and activities, and the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione. Our data showed that replicative senescence increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and lipid peroxidation in myoblasts. Treatment with TRF significantly diminished ROS production and decreased lipid peroxidation in senescent myoblasts. Moreover, the gene expression of superoxide dismutase(SOD2), catalase(CAT),and glutathione peroxidase(GPX1)was modulated by TRF treatment, with increased activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase and reduced glutathione peroxidase in senescent myoblasts. In comparison to ATF and NAC, TRF was more efficient in heightening the antioxidant capacity and reducing free radical insults. These results suggested that TRF is able to ameliorate antioxidant defense mechanisms and improves replicative senescence-associated oxidative stress in myoblasts.

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Evaluation of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense mechanisms in the bone of rats in conditions of separate and combined administration of vanadium (V) and magnesium (Mg)

Chemico-Biological Interactions ◽

10.1016/j.cbi.2018.02.016 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 284 ◽

pp. 112-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Agnieszka Ścibior ◽

Dorota Gołębiowska ◽

Agnieszka Adamczyk ◽

Joanna Kurus ◽

Magdalena Staniszewska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Combined Administration

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Quantification of iron-induced lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense mechanisms in the human small intestine using a newly developed perfusion model

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(03)80740-0 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 124 (4) ◽

pp. A149

Author(s):

Freddy J. Troost ◽

Wim H. Saris ◽

Robert-Jan M. Brummer

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Small Intestine ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Human Small Intestine ◽

Perfusion Model

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Impact of Mycotoxins on Animals’ Oxidative Status

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10020214 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 214

Author(s):

Alexandros Mavrommatis ◽

Elisavet Giamouri ◽

Savvina Tavrizelou ◽

Maria Zacharioudaki ◽

George Danezis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Detrimental Effect ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Integrated Monitoring ◽

Animal Products ◽

Agriculture Sector ◽

By Products

Mycotoxins appear to be the “Achilles’ heel” of the agriculture sector inducing enormous economic losses and representing a severe risk to the health of humans and animals. Although novel determination protocols have been developed and legislation has been implemented within Europe, the side effects of mycotoxins on the homeostatic mechanisms of the animals have not been extensively considered. Feed mycotoxin contamination and the effects on the antioxidant status of livestock (poultry, swine, and ruminants) are presented. The findings support the idea that the antioxidant systems in both monogastrics and ruminants are challenged under the detrimental effect of mycotoxins by increasing the toxic lipid peroxidation by-product malondialdehyde (MDA) and inhibiting the activity of antioxidant defense mechanisms. The degree of oxidative stress is related to the duration of contamination, co-contamination, the synergetic effects, toxin levels, animal age, species, and productive stage. Since the damaging effects of MDA and other by-products derived by lipid peroxidation as well as reactive oxygen species have been extensively studied on human health, a more integrated monitoring mechanism (which will take into account the oxidative stability) is urgently required to be implemented in animal products.

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Depletion of intracellular glutathione and increased lipid peroxidation mediate cytotoxicity of hematite nanoparticles in MRC-5 cells.

Acta Biochimica Polonica ◽

10.18388/abp.2010_2416 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Mihaela Radu ◽

Maria Cristina Munteanu ◽

Sorina Petrache ◽

Andreea Iren Serban ◽

Diana Dinu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Glutathione Transferase ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Lung Cells ◽

Lipid Peroxidation Product ◽

Hematite Nanoparticles ◽

Mediate Cytotoxicity ◽

Peroxidation Product

Particles generated from numerous anthropogenic and/or natural sources, such as crystalline α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles, have the potential to damage lung cells. In our study we investigated the effects of these nanoparticles (12.5 µg/ml) on lipid peroxidation and the antioxidative system in MRC-5 lung fibroblast cells following exposure for 24, 48 or 72h. Exposure to α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles increased lipid peroxidation by 81%, 189% and 110% after 24, 48 and 72h, respectively. Conversely, the reduced glutathione concentration decreased by 23.2% and 51.4% after 48 and 72h of treatment, respectively. In addition, an augmentation of the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transferase and glutathione reductase within the interval between 48-72h was noticed. Taking into account that the reduced glutathione level decreased and the malondialdehyde level, a lipid peroxidation product, remained highly increased up to 72h of exposure, it would appear that the MRC-5 antioxidant defense mechanisms did not efficiently counteract the oxidative stress induced by exposure to hematite nanoparticles.

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Study of biomarkers for damage of renal tissue in patients with oxalate urolithiasis after transurethral contact ureterolithotripsy

Nauchno-prakticheskii zhurnal «Patogenez» ◽

10.25557/2310-0435.2019.02.62-69 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 62-69

Author(s):

А.К. Масальцев ◽

В.Б. Бородулин

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Malonic Dialdehyde ◽

Renal Tissue ◽

Pathological Process ◽

Control Group ◽

Urinary Concentration ◽

Diene Conjugates ◽

Biochemical Indices ◽

Treatment Control Group

Выявление маркеров патологии почек и введение биохимических индексов, объективно отражающих развитие патологического процесса при мочекаменной болезни, может существенно облегчить диагностику данного заболевания и способствовать выработке правильного и адекватного лечения оксалатного уролитиаза. Известно, что при мочекаменной болезни обнаруживается увеличение продуктов липопероксидации. В таком случае, определение метаболитов перекисного окисления липидов в сыворотке крови может служить одним из критериев прогноза и течения различных форм данного заболевания. Методы. Проведено исследование концентрации липокалина (NGAL) в моче, малонового диальдегида (МДА) и диеновых конъюгатов (ДК) в плазме крови, а также активность ферментов каталазы и глутатионпероксидазы (ГПО) у больных оксалатным уролитиазом, после трансуретральной контактной уретеролитотрипсии (КУЛТ). В исследование включены 72 пациента - у 42 человек выполнена КУЛТ, и 30 пациентов с ранее подтвержденный оксалатный уролитиазом, без оперативного лечения. Контролем служили 10 здоровых испытуемых. Был осуществлен забор крови и мочи пациентов, предварительно разделенных на группы в зависимости от стадии лечения. Результаты. Обнаружено достоверное повышение содержания МДА и ДК, также увеличение активности ГПО во время операции и в первые послеоперационные сутки в сравнении с контрольной группой. Возрастание активности каталазы и увеличение содержания стресс-пептида NGAL в моче выявлено на всех этапах заболевания. Заключение. Активация ПОЛ и усиление каталазной активности можно рассматривать в качестве дополнительного критерия оценки степени антиоксидантной защиты у больных с оксалатным уролитиазом. Identification of markers for renal pathology and implementation of biochemical indices objectively reflecting the development of pathological process in urolithiasis disease would significantly facilitate detection of this disease and contribute to development of proper and adequate treatments in oxalic urolithiasis. Increased lipid peroxidation products are known to be present in urolithiasis. Therefore, detection of lipid peroxidation metabolites in serum could serve as a criterion for course and outcome of various forms of this disease. Materials and methods. Concentrations of urinary lipocalin (NGAL), plasma malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and diene conjugates (DC), and activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPO) were measured in patients with oxalate urolithiasis after transurethral contact ureterolithotrization (CULT). The study included 72 patients; 42 of them underwent CULT and 30 patients had documented oxalate urolithiasis without surgical treatment. Control group consisted of 10 healthy subjects. Patients were divided into groups based of the stage of treatment, and blood samples were collected. Results. Concentrations of MDA and DK and GPO activity were increased during the surgery and first postoperative days compared to the control group. Catalase activity and urinary concentration of the NGAL stress peptide were increased at all stages of the disease. Conclusion: Activation of lipid peroxidation and catalase can be considered as an additional criterion for evaluating the degree of antioxidant defense in patients with oxalate urolithiasis.

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