Inhibition of Staphylococcus hyicus and Staphylococcus aureus by Staphylococci of Porcine Origin In Vitro and In Vivo

Smoking is considered a key risk factor for implant survival; however, how it interacts with the pathogens in peri-implant infections is not clear. Here, we identified that nicotine, the key component of cigarette smoking, can interact with Staphylococcus aureus and synergistically induce peri-implant infections in a rat osteolysis model. The nicotine–S. aureus combination group increased the gross bone pathology, osteolysis, periosteal reactions, and bone resorption compared to the nicotine or S. aureus single treated group (p < 0.05). Nicotine did not promote the proliferation of S. aureus both in vitro and in vivo, but it can significantly upregulate the expression of staphylococcal protein A (SpA), a key virulence factor of S. aureus. The nicotine–S. aureus combination also synergistically activated the expression of RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand, p < 0.05) to promote the development of peri-implant infections. The synergistic effects between nicotine and S. aureus infection can be a new target to reduce the peri-implant infections.

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Oral Administration of the Broad-Spectrum Antibiofilm Compound Toremifene Inhibits Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm FormationIn Vivo

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.03869-14 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 58 (12) ◽

pp. 7606-7610 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Kaat De Cremer ◽

Nicolas Delattin ◽

Katrijn De Brucker ◽

Annelies Peeters ◽

Soña Kucharíková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Broad Spectrum ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Candida Krusei ◽

Content Type ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

ABSTRACTWe here report on thein vitroactivity of toremifene to inhibit biofilm formation of different fungal and bacterial pathogens, includingCandida albicans,Candida glabrata,Candida dubliniensis,Candida krusei,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococcus aureus, andStaphylococcus epidermidis. We validated thein vivoefficacy of orally administered toremifene againstC. albicans and S. aureusbiofilm formation in a rat subcutaneous catheter model. Combined, our results demonstrate the potential of toremifene as a broad-spectrum oral antibiofilm compound.

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DEGRADATION OF PENICILLIN G AND THREE SEMISYNTHETIC PENICILLINS BY BACILLUS CEREUS AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS PENICILLINASE

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m66-006 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 35-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. A. Yurchenco ◽

M. W. Hopper ◽

G. H. Warren

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Bacillus Cereus ◽

Enzymatic Degradation ◽

Penicillin G ◽

Aureus Infection ◽

Penicillanic Acid ◽

Potassium Penicillin ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

An in vivo procedure is described for determining the relative sensitivities of potassium penicillin G and three semisynthetic penicillins to degradation by Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus penicillinases. The inactivating concentrations (IC50) of the penicillinases necessary to reduce the protective activity of each of the penicillins against an S. aureus infection in mice from PD95 to a PD50 level was determined. Conventional in vitro studies were carried out for purposes of comparison. After interaction with B. cereus penicillinase, Wy-3206 [6-(2-methoxy-1-naphthamido) penicillanic acid] had the greatest residual therapeutic activity, followed in order by nafcillin [6-(2-ethoxy-1-naphthamido)penicillanic acid], methicillin [sodium 6-(2, 6-dimethoxybenzamido)penicillinate monohydrate], and potassium penicillin G. Penicillin G proved to be the most sensitive to enzymatic degradation by S. aureus penicillinase, whereas nafcillin and methicillin were resistant to the highest concentration employed. These findings were, in general, supported by the in vitro results.

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The Autofluorescence Patterns of Acanthamoeba castellanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus: Effects of Antibiotics and Tetracaine

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10070894 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 894

Author(s):

Hari Peguda ◽

Saabah Mahbub ◽

Tashi Sherpa ◽

Dinesh Subedi ◽

Abbas Habibalahi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Vision Loss ◽

Delayed Diagnosis ◽

Acanthamoeba Castellanii ◽

Acanthamoeba Keratitis ◽

Fluorescence Pattern ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

Acanthamoeba Keratitis (AK) can lead to substantial vision loss and morbidity among contact lens wearers. Misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis is a major factor contributing to poor outcomes of AK. This study aimed to assess the effect of two antibiotics and one anaesthetic drug used in the diagnosis and nonspecific management of keratitis on the autofluorescence patterns of Acanthamoeba and two common bacteria that may also cause keratitis. Acanthamoeba castellanii ATCC 30868, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 were grown then diluted in either PBS (bacteria) or ¼ strength Ringer’s solution (Acanthamoeba) to give final concentrations of 0.1 OD at 660 nm or 104 cells/mL. Cells were then treated with ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, tetracaine, or no treatment (naïve). Excitation–emission matrices (EEMs) were collected for each sample with excitation at 270–500 nm with increments in 5 nm steps and emission at 280–700 nm at 2 nm steps using a Fluoromax-4 spectrometer. The data were analysed using MATLAB software to produce smoothed color-coded images of the samples tested. Acanthamoeba exhibited a distinctive fluorescence pattern compared to bacteria. The addition of antibiotics and anaesthetic had variable effects on autofluorescence. Tetracaine altered the fluorescence of all three microorganisms, whereas tetracycline did not show any effect on the fluorescence. Ciprofloxacin produced changes to the fluorescence pattern for the bacteria, but not Acanthamoeba. Fluorescence spectroscopy was able to differentiate Acanthamoeba from P. aeruginosa and S. aureus in vitro. There is a need for further assessment of the fluorescence pattern for different strains of Acanthamoeba and bacteria. Additionally, analysis of the effects of anti-amoebic drugs on the fluorescence pattern of Acanthamoeba and bacteria would be prudent before in vivo testing of the fluorescence diagnostic approach in the animal models.

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Antibiotic combinations against Gram-negative bacilli and Staphylococcus aureus in cancer patients: comparative in-vitro and in-vivo activity of cefoperazone and mezlocillin singly or combined together

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy ◽

10.1093/jac/9.suppl_a.47 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 9 (suppl A) ◽

pp. 47-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

H. C. Standiford ◽

A. F. Viollier ◽

M. Moody ◽

J. Klastersky ◽

B. Tatem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Gram Negative ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

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In vitro synergistic potentials of novel antibacterial combination therapies against Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

10.21203/rs.2.9511/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Md Akil Hossain ◽

Hae-Chul Park ◽

Kwang-jick Lee ◽

Sung-Won Park ◽

Seung-Chun Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Phenolic Compound ◽

Virulence Factors ◽

In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽

E Coli ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

Abstract Background: Bacteria have remarkable abilities to acquire resistance against antibiotics by several mechanisms. New strategies are needed to block the development of resistance and to prolong the life of traditional antibiotics. This study aimed to increase the efficacy of existing antibiotics by combining them with the opportunistic phenolic compound gallic acid (GA) and its derivatives. Fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indexes of phenolic compound-antibiotic combinations against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were determined. Based on the FIC indexes and clinical importance, 3 combinations were selected to evaluate their effects on the virulence factors of these bacteria. The in vitro cytotoxicity of GA and hamamelitannin in the Rattus norvegicus (IEC-6) cell line were evaluated. Results: Phenolic compounds demonstrated considerable antibacterial effects as the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of epigallocatechin, GA and hamamelitannin found against different strains were (32–1024), (128–1024) and (512–≥2048) μg/mL, respectively. The FIC indexes of the combined antibacterials against these strains were 0.281–1.016. The ultrastructural morphology and time-kill assays showed that the GA-ceftiofur combination, and hamamelitannin-erythromycin and GA-ampicillin combinations more efficiently inhibited the growth of S. Typhimurium and E. coli, respectively, compared to the individual antibiotics. Biofilm viability and the swimming and swarming motilities of S. Typhimurium in the presence of GA-ceftiofur and E. coli in the presence of the hamamelitannin-erythromycin and GA-ampicillin combinations were more competently inhibited than individual antimicrobials. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of GA and hamamelitannin in IEC-6 cells were 564.55 μM and 988.54 μM, respectively. Conclusions: The phenolic compounds increase the efficacy of existing antibiotics might be by disrupting virulence factors. We can conclude that these antibacterial combinations are safe and can be potential medications to treat S. Typhimurium, E. coli and S. aureus infections in animals and humans. Further study to confirm this effect in in vivo system and to determine the precise mechanism of action should be undertaken to establish these combinations as medications.

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Differential Contribution of Toll-Like Receptors 4 and 2 to the Cytokine Response to Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus in Mice

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.71.10.6058-6062.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 71 (10) ◽

pp. 6058-6062 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Annalisa Lembo ◽

Christoph Kalis ◽

Carsten J. Kirschning ◽

Vincenzo Mitolo ◽

Emilio Jirillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Toll Like Receptors ◽

Cytokine Induction ◽

Serovar Typhimurium ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Differential Contribution

ABSTRACT The contribution of murine Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR2 and -4, respectively) to cytokine induction by heat-killed bacteria was analyzed in vitro and in vivo. Gram-negative bacteria induced cytokines primarily via TLR4; the contribution of TLR2 was only minor. Neither TLR4 nor, surprisingly, TLR2 was required in the MyD88-dependent response to Staphylococcus aureus.

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