A Quantitative Procedure for Estimating Cotton Fiber Growth

1974 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Beasley ◽  
E. H. Birnbaum ◽  
W. M. Dugger ◽  
I. P. Ting
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Fiber Growth ◽  
Quantitative Procedure

scholarly journals Zoom in on Ca2+ pattern and ion flux dynamics to decode spatial and temporal regulation of cotton fiber growth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Shuo Yang ◽  
Jayakumar Bose ◽  
Sergey Shabala ◽  
Yong-Ling Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Tip Growth ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Ion Flux ◽  
Confocal Imaging ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Fiber Elongation ◽  
Fiber Growth

AbstractCotton fibers are single-celled trichomes initiated from ovule epidermis prior to anthesis. Thereafter, the fibers undergo rapid elongation for 20 d before switching to intensive cell wall cellulose synthesis. The final length attained determines fiber yield and quality. As such, cotton fiber represents an excellent single cell model to study regulation of cell growth and differentiation, with significant agronomical implications. One major unresolved question is whether fiber elongation follows a diffusive or a tip growth pattern. We addressed this issue by using cell biology and electrophysiological approaches. Confocal imaging of Ca2+ binding dye, fluo-3 acetoxymethyl (Fluo-3), and in situ microelectrode ion flux measurement revealed that cytosolic Ca2+ was evenly distributed along the elongating fiber cells with Ca2+ and H+ fluxes oscillating from apical to basal regions of the elongating fibers. These findings demonstrate that, contrary to growing pollen tubes or root hairs, cotton fiber growth follows a diffusive, but not the tip growth, pattern. Further analyses showed that the elongating fibers exhibited substantial net H+ efflux, indicating a strong activity of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase required for energy dependent solute uptake. Interestingly, the growing cotton fibers were responding to H2O2 treatment, know to promote fiber elongation, by a massive increase in the net Ca2+ and H+ efflux in both tip and basal zones, while non-growing cells lacked this ability. These observations suggest that desensitization of the cell and a loss of its ability to respond to H2O2 may be causally related to the termination of the cotton fiber elongation.One sentence summaryConfocal imaging of Ca2+ patterning and in situ microelectrode ion flux measurements demonstrate that, contrary to growing pollen tubes or root hairs, cotton fiber growth follows a diffusive, but not the tip growth, pattern.

Production of micronucleoli and onset of cotton fiber growth

Planta ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 205 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Van't Hof
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Fiber Growth

scholarly journals Sphingolipid Profile during Cotton Fiber Growth Revealed That a Phytoceramide Containing Hydroxylated and Saturated VLCFA Is Important for Fiber Cell Elongation

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1352
Author(s):  
Qian Chen ◽  
Fan Xu ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Xiaodong Suo ◽  
Qiaoling Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Species ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Cell Elongation ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Fiber Cell ◽  
Sphingolipid Metabolism ◽  
Fiber Growth ◽  
Fiber Cells ◽  
Exogenous Application ◽  
Long Chain

Cotton fiber is a single-celled seed trichrome that arises from the epidermis of the ovule’s outer integument. The fiber cell displays high polar expansion and thickens but not is disrupted by cell division. Therefore, it is an ideal model for studying the growth and development of plant cells. Sphingolipids are important components of membranes and are also active molecules in cells. However, the sphingolipid profile during fiber growth and the differences in sphingolipid metabolism at different developmental stages are still unclear. In this study, we detected that there were 6 classes and 95 molecular species of sphingolipids in cotton fibers by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-MS/MS (UHPLC-MS/MS). Among these, the phytoceramides (PhytoCer) contained the most molecular species, and the PhytoCer content was highest, while that of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) was the lowest. The content of PhytoCer, phytoceramides with hydroxylated fatty acyls (PhytoCer-OHFA), phyto-glucosylceramides (Phyto-GluCer), and glycosyl-inositol-phospho-ceramides (GIPC) was higher than that of other classes in fiber cells. With the development of fiber cells, phytosphingosine-1-phosphate (t-S1P) and PhytoCer changed greatly. The sphingolipid molecular species Ceramide (Cer) d18:1/26:1, PhytoCer t18:1/26:0, PhytoCer t18:0/26:0, PhytoCer t18:1/h20:0, PhytoCer t18:1/h26:0, PhytoCer t18:0/h26:0, and GIPC t18:0/h16:0 were significantly enriched in 10-DPA fiber cells while Cer d18:1/20:0, Cer d18:1/22:0, and GIPC t18:0/h18:0 were significantly enriched in 20-DPA fiber cells, indicating that unsaturated PhytoCer containing hydroxylated and saturated very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) play some role in fiber cell elongation. Consistent with the content analysis results, the related genes involved in long chain base (LCB) hydroxylation and unsaturation as well as VLCFA synthesis and hydroxylation were highly expressed in rapidly elongating fiber cells. Furthermore, the exogenous application of a potent inhibitor of serine palmitoyltransferase, myriocin, severely blocked fiber cell elongation, and the exogenous application of sphingosine antagonized the inhibition of myriocin for fiber elongation. Taking these points together, we concluded that sphingolipids play crucial roles in fiber cell elongation and SCW deposition. This provides a new perspective for further studies on the regulatory mechanism of the growth and development of cotton fiber cells.

scholarly journals A Potential Role for CHH DNA Methylation in Cotton Fiber Growth Patterns

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e60547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Jin ◽  
Yu Pang ◽  
Fangxing Jia ◽  
Guanghui Xiao ◽  
Qin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Fiber Growth

X-ray diffraction properties of curved crystal diffractors

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1734-1735
Author(s):  
W. Z. Chang ◽  
D. B. Wittry
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Theory ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Diffraction Image ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Rocking Curve ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bent Crystal ◽  
Diffraction Geometry ◽  
Crystal Parameter ◽  
Quantitative Procedure

Since Du Mond and Kirkpatrick first discussed the principle of a bent crystal spectrograph in 1930, curved single crystals have been widely utilized as spectrometric monochromators as well as diffractors for focusing x rays diverging from a point. Curved crystal diffraction theory predicts that the diffraction parameters - the rocking curve width w, and the peak reflection coefficient r of curved crystals will certainly deviate from those of their flat form. Due to a lack of curved crystal parameter data in current literature and the need for optimizing the choice of diffraction geometry and crystal materials for various applications, we have continued the investigation of our technique presented at the last conference. In the present abstract, we describe a more rigorous and quantitative procedure for measuring the parameters of curved crystals.The diffraction image of a singly bent crystal under study can be obtained by using the Johann geometry with an x-ray point source.

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