Comparative characteristics of aerobic and anaerobic productivity of young men in lowland and mountain Transcarpathian areas according to the body components consist

To study the upper body characteristics of young men, the body circumference, length, width, thickness, and angle of young men aged 18–25 and 26–35 years were collected to comprehensively characterize the concave and convex features of the front, back, and side of the human body. The Cuckoo Search-Density Peak intelligent algorithm was used to extract the feature factors of the upper body of men, and to cluster them. To verify the effectiveness of the intelligent algorithm, the clustering results of Cuckoo Search-Density Peak, Density Peak, Particle Swarm Optimization-Density Peak algorithm, Ant Colony Optimization-Density Peak algorithm, Genetic Algorithm-Density Peak algorithm, and Artificial Bee Colony-Density Peak algorithm were evaluated by Silouette and F-measures, respectively. The results show that the Cuckoo Search-Density Peak algorithm has the best clustering results and is superior to other algorithms. There are some differences in somatotype characteristics and somatotype indexes between young men aged 18–25 and 26–35 years.

Download Full-text

Genetic Association Analysis for Relative Growths of Body Compositions and Metabolic Traits to Body Weights in Broilers

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11020469 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 469

Author(s):

Ying Zhang ◽

Hengyu Zhang ◽

Yunfeng Zhao ◽

Xiaojing Zhou ◽

Jie Du ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allometric Scaling ◽

Mapping Method ◽

The Body ◽

Random Regression ◽

Broiler Meat ◽

Metabolic Traits ◽

Body Weights ◽

Scaling Models ◽

Body Components ◽

Body Compositions

In animal breeding, body components and metabolic traits always fall behind body weights in genetic improvement, which leads to the decline in standards and qualities of animal products. Phenotypically, the relative growth of multiple body components and metabolic traits relative to body weights are characterized by using joint allometric scaling models, and then random regression models (RRMs) are constructed to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for relative grwoth allometries of body compositions and metabolic traits in chicken. Referred to as real joint allometric scaling models, statistical utility of the so-called LASSO-RRM mapping method is given a demonstration by computer simulation analysis. Using the F2 population by crossing broiler × Fayoumi, we formulated optimal joint allometric scaling models of fat, shank weight (shank-w) and liver as well as thyroxine (T4) and glucose (GLC) to body weights. For body compositions, a total of 9 QTLs, including 4 additive and 5 dominant QTLs, were detected to control the allometric scalings of fat, shank-w, and liver to body weights; while a total of 10 QTLs of which 6 were dominant, were mapped to govern the allometries of T4 and GLC to body weights. We characterized relative growths of body compositions and metabolic traits to body weights in broilers with joint allometric scaling models and detected QTLs for the allometry scalings of the relative growths by using RRMs. The identified QTLs, including their highly linked genetic markers, could be used to order relative growths of the body components or metabolic traits to body weights in marker-assisted breeding programs for improving the standard and quality of broiler meat products.

Download Full-text

CHRONOEFFECT OF THE DIURNAL CORTISOL RHYTHM ON LIPID AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM IN INDIAN AND LOCAL FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS OF MEDICAL UNIVERSITIES IN KYRGYZSTAN

Ulyanovsk Medico-biological Journal ◽

10.34014/2227-1848-2021-2-136-146 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 136-146

Author(s):

A.A. Chonkoeva ◽

I.P. Mukhamedova

Keyword(s):

Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽

Cortisol Level ◽

Young Women ◽

Foreign Students ◽

Young Men ◽

The Body ◽

Diurnal Cortisol ◽

Metabolism Regulation ◽

Local Students ◽

Indian Students

Foreign students studying in Kyrgyzstan mainly come from Southeast Asia, and they have to adapt to living conditions in a new climatic (geographic), socio-cultural, and educational environment that is different from the previous one. Therefore, it is challenging to study the chronostructural characteristics of the hormonal regulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in students, as these characteristics are main part of the metabolic balance. The aim of the study is to determine chronostructural characteristics of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism regulation by adrenal cortex hormones in foreign and local 1st-year university students in Kyrgyzstan. Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 120 students. The average age of Indian students (30 young women and 30 young men) was 19.45±0.24 years; the average age of local students (30 young women and 30 young men) was 18.50±0.25 years. The authors analyzed correlation of daily cortisol rhythm with lipoproteins and blood serum glucose indicators. Results. The chronoeffects of evening cortisol (6 p.m.) and daily cortisol level influenced lipid blood fractions in students in both ethnic groups, however, with the opposite effect. In Indian students, cortisol chronoeffect was mainly resulted in accumulation of atherogenic fractions, while in local students – in utilization of such fractions. These opposite processes can be regarded as different phases of the same adaptive energy supply reorganization, when the body starts consuming energy from fatty acids, and activates cholesterol-dependent plastic processes with the photoperiod (autumn-winter) changes. The greatest influence on carbohydrate metabolism was exerted by the daily cortisol level and reactivity, i.e. the rate of change in its plasma concentration. As an additional energy substrate, the young women demonstrated stimulated glucose disposal and young men demonstrated glucose production. The reactivity of the diurnal cortisol rhythm was statistically significantly higher in foreign students, which indicates a reactive adaptive restructuring of regulatory mechanisms. Keywords: students, lipoproteins, adaptation, cortisol, circadian rhythm. Иностранные студенты, обучающиеся в Кыргызстане, в основном прибывают из стран Юго-Восточной Азии, и им предстоит адаптироваться к условиям жизни в новой климатической (географической), социокультурной, образовательной среде, отличной от прежней. Поэтому вызывает интерес исследование у студентов хроноструктурных особенностей гормональной регуляции липидного и углеводного обменов как основной части метаболического баланса организма. Цель: определение хроноструктурных особенностей регуляции липидного и углеводного обменов гормонами коркового слоя надпочечников у иностранных и местных студентов на начальном этапе обучения в вузах Кыргызстана. Материалы и методы. В исследование были включены 120 студентов. Средний возраст индийских студентов (30 девушек, 30 юношей) составил 19,45±0,24 года; местных студентов (30 девушек, 30 юношей) – 18,50±0,25 года. Проанализированы корреляционные связи показателей дневного ритма кортизола с липопротеинами и глюкозой сыворотки крови. Результаты. Хроноэффекты вечернего кортизола (1800) и суточная масса кортизола были наиболее значительными на липидных фракциях крови студентов в обеих этнических группах с противоположным действием. У индийских студентов все хроноэффекты кортизола были преимущественно направлены на накопление атерогенных фракций, у местных – на их утилизацию. Эти противоположные процессы можно расценивать как разные фазы одной и той же адаптационной перестройки организма в энергообеспечении при переходе на богатые жирными кислотами источники энергии, а также в активации холестеринзависимых пластических процессов в условиях измененного фотопериода (осень-зима). Наибольшее влияние на углеводный обмен оказывали дневная масса кортизола и реактивность – скорость изменения его концентрации в плазме, под влиянием которых у девушек наблюдалось стимулирование утилизации глюкозы, а у юношей – продукция глюкозы в качестве дополнительного энергетического субстрата. Реактивность дневного ритма кортизола была статистически значимо выше у иностранных студентов, что свидетельствует о реактивной адаптационной перестройке механизмов регуляции. Ключевые слова: студенты, липопротеины, адаптация, кортизол, суточный ритм.

Download Full-text

Professional identity in the global sports entertainment industry

Journal of Sociology ◽

10.1177/1440783309337671 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 27-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Peter Kelly ◽

Christopher Hickey

Keyword(s):

Professional Identity ◽

Management Practices ◽

Young Men ◽

The Body ◽

Care Of The Self ◽

Body Contact ◽

Australian Football League ◽

Australian Football ◽

Relations Of Power ◽

Professional Footballer

In this article we discuss the ways in which the professional identity of Australian Football League (AFL) footballers — in a physical, high body contact sport — is shaped by concerns to develop different aspects of the body, mind and soul of the young men who want to become AFL footballers. Drawing on Michel Foucault’s later work on the care of the self we argue that narratives of identity necessarily involve a struggle for the body, mind and soul of these young men. Foucault’s work enables us to identify and analyse how relations of power, forms of regulation and arts of governing interact in ongoing attempts to develop the professional footballer. The article explores these issues via an analysis of the rationalities and techniques that inform talent identification and player management practices; and risk management in relation to these practices and processes in the AFL.

Download Full-text

DIRECT GENETIC AND POSTNATAL MATERNAL GENETIC EFFECTS ON BODY COMPOSITION IN MICE SELECTED FOR BODY WEIGHT

Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology ◽

10.1139/g79-007 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 43-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. F. Hayes ◽

E. J. Eisen

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Genetic Effects ◽

The Body ◽

Control Line ◽

Ether Extract ◽

Correlated Responses ◽

Relative Growth Rates ◽

Order Of Magnitude ◽

Body Components ◽

Water Percent

Line crossfostering techniques were used to study differences among selected and control lines of mice in direct genetic and postnatal maternal genetic influences on preweaning (day 12) body weight and composition. The lines were selected for high (H6) and low (L6) 6-week body weight and the control line (C2) was maintained by random selection. There were positive correlated responses to selection in both direct genetic and postnatal maternal genetic effects on body weight and weights of all body components (P < 0.01) except for water and ash weight in H6. The correlated responses in postnatal maternal genetic effects were of the same order of magnitude as those in direct genetic effects. Correlated responses were greater in L6 than in H6. Correlated responses in direct genetic effects were positive (P < 0.01) for water percent in H6 and ether extract percent in L6, and negative (P < 0.01) for water percent and lean percent in L6. Correlated responses in postnatal maternal genetic effects were positive for ether extract percent and negative for water percent (P < 0.01). Correlated responses were far greater in L6 than in H6 and were greater for postnatal maternal genetic effects than for direct genetic effects. Analyses of covariance results indicated line differences in the relative growth rates of the body components.

Download Full-text

Clinical and bioimpedance features of manifestations of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis with an inflammatory component in young men

Andrology and Genital Surgery ◽

10.17650/1726-9784-2021-22-1-38-42 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 38-42

Author(s):

Yu. Vinnik ◽

А. V. Kuzmenko ◽

А. А. Amelchenko

Keyword(s):

Chronic Prostatitis ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Extracellular Fluid ◽

Young Men ◽

Component Composition ◽

The Body ◽

Pathogenetic Mechanisms ◽

Bacterial Prostatitis ◽

Comprehensive Survey ◽

Inflammatory Component

Introduction. Chronic prostatitis is the most common androurological disease affecting mainly young and middle-aged men. The variety of pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical manifestations, the tendency to recurrence necessitate the search for new methods of examination and monitoring of this disease. This can be facilitated by the study of bioimpedance parameters in patients with chronic prostatitis.Purpose of the study. To identify bioimpedance and clinical features of the manifestations of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis with an inflammatory component (CNPIC) in young men.Materials and methods. In the period from 2018 to 2020, on the basis of Krasnoyarsk Interdistrict Clinical Hospital No 4, a comprehensive survey of 80 men with CNPIC of the first period of adulthood from 22 to 35 years was conducted using valid questionnaires. Bioimpedansometry was carried out using a complex KM-AR-01, grade “DIAMANT-AIST mini”.Results. Pain predominates in the clinical picture of CNPIC, dysuric disorders are less pronounced. The examined men had pronounced deviations of the component composition of the body due to an increase in fat mass and extracellular fluid volume, which, due to common pathogenetic mechanisms, can support chronic inflammation and influence treatment outcomes.Conclusion. Bioimpedansometry can be a promising method in complex diagnostics and subsequent objective monitoring of the course of CNPIC.

Download Full-text