METHOD OF INCREASING MEAT PRODUCTIVITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF BROILER MEAT BY FEEDING ADSORBENT AND ANTIOXIDANT

In recent years, the use of adsorbent and antioxidant preparations in the formulation of feed with a high content of heavy metals is a promising direction in the industrial production of broiler meat. The study aims to study the consumer and hygienic properties of broiler meat when including adsorbent Ferrotsin and antioxidant Selenopyran in diets with high heavy metals and aflatoxin B 1 content. The authors experimentally established the necessity of containing the adsorbent Ferrotsin in the dose of 300 g/t feed and the antioxidant Selenopyran in the quantity of 300 g/t feed into the composition of mixed fodder with excessive concentration of heavy metals. This inclusion of adsorbents and antioxidants in the compound feed composition is necessary to increase the nutritional properties and protective properties of poultry meat. Group 3 broiler chickens significantly exceeded (P < 0.05) the control counterparts by 18.88 % by weight of half-gutted carcass and 18.26 % by weight of the gutted carcass. Also, broiler chickens of the 3rd experimental group exceeded the content of solids in the thoracic and thigh muscles by 1,40 and 0,60, and protein by 0,67 % and 0,67 %. Group 3 broilers significantly (P < 0.05) exceeded the control in protein quality index (PQI) of meat by 18.86 %. In broilers of experimental group 3, there was a reliable (P < 0.05) decrease in the level of zinc by 3.07, cadmium by 2.25 and lead by 3.24 times in the samples of breast muscle relative to the control counterparts. The highest final score was obtained by boiled white poultry meat of the 3rd experimental group. This sample of meat reliably (P < 0.05) exceeded the total sum of organoleptic parameters of the control sample by 0.81 points. In broilers of experimental group 3 in examples of breast, thigh muscles and meat homogenate, the level of selenium was significantly higher than in control due to the presence of this substance in Selenopyran.

Response in Growth Performance, Physico-chemical Properties, and Fatty acid Composition of Broiler Meat to Different Levels of Mucuna Pruriens Seed Meal

The study was conducted to determine the response in growth performance, physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition of broiler meat fed incremental levels of M. pruriens seed meal. A total of 112 Cobb 500, seven days old, unsexed broiler chicks with body weight of 150 ± 5.47 g/bird (mean ±SD) were used. Chicks were allotted to pens in a completely randomized design hence assigned to four experimental diets containing 0, 10, 15, and 20% of MPSM, respectively. Each diet was offered ad libitum with clean water to 28 broilers in each treatment. There was a linear decrease in average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) and final body weight (FBW) with incremental levels of MPSM (P < 0.05). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) increased linearly with increasing MPSM levels while Final Body Wight (FBW) decreased linearly with increasing levels of MPSM (P < 0.05). Meat pH24 and colour parameters showed no relationship with increasing levels of MPSM (P > 0.05). Thawing loss, carcass weight and cooking loss showed a linear increase with increasing levels of MPSM (P < 0.05). However, shear force showed a linear decrease with increasing levels of MPSM (P > 0.05). Muscle fat, fat free dry matter (FFDM) and moisture, mono-unsaturated fatty acids and margaric acid showed no relationship with increasing levels of MPSM (P > 0.05), however, a linear decrease (P < 0.05) on myristic acid and palmitic acid with incremental levels of MPSM was observed. Arachidic acid, and α-Linolenic acid increased linearly with inclusion level of MPSM (P < 0.05). Other poly-unsaturated fatty acids, fatty acid ratios and health lipid indices indicators showed no relationship with increasing levels of MPSM (P > 0.05). Increasing inclusion levels of MPSM impairs growth performance of broilers and may also improve broiler quality and fatty acid some fatty acids.

DAMPAK COVID-19 TERHADAP PENURUNAN VOLUME PENJUALAN DAN PENDAPATAN PEDAGANG DAGING AYAM BROILER (THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE DECLINE OF SALES VOLUME AND INCOME OF BROILER MEAT TRADERS)

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a socio-economic impact in Indonesia, including broiler meat traders. Since the enactment of large-scale restrictions has triggered a lack of community activity outside, resulting in a decrease in sales volume and income at the Tipar Gede Warehouse Market, Sukabumi City. This study aims to determine the impact of COVID-19 on the decline in sales volume and income of broiler meat traders at the Tipar Gede Warehouse Market, Sukabumi City. This research was carried out using descriptive research with survey method research methods by describing the conditions or phenomena that occurred. From the research carried out, it was found that the impact of Covid-19 on sales volume before Covid-19 could be represented by 65%, while during Covid-19 there was a 35% decrease in sales volume and the impact of Covid-19 on the decline in income of broiler meat traders in Indonesia. The Tipar Gede Warehouse Market in Sukanumi City before Covid-19 was 60%, while during Covid-19 it was around 40%.

Analysis of dangerous factors in the life cycle of semi-finished products based on poultry broilers with the addition of soy flour

In recent years, the production and consumption of poultry meat has been widely used both on the world market and on the market of Kazakhstan, one of the reasons for which is that poultry products are more accessible to consumers than animal products. With such an import structure, it can be assumed that the volume of imports of cheap chicken from abroad is a function of the income level of the population: the smaller the proportion of the population with a certain low income level, the less imports. For the effective development of poultry farming in Kazakhstan, it is necessary to overcome a number of constraining factors, one of which is the insufficient modern safety control system throughout the poultry meat production chain. The article develops a flowchart of the semifinished product production process based on poultry meat-broiler with soy flour, examines possible risks (hazards) for the development of management measures in the production of semi-finished products, identifies three control critical points for the production of semi-finished products from broiler meat with soy flour.

A Mobile Application to Follow Up the Management of Broiler Flocks

Broiler meat is one of the most consumed meats worldwide. The broiler production system poses several challenges for the producer, including maintaining environmental conditions for rearing. The popularization of mobile devices (smartphones) among people, including those with lower incomes, makes it possible for specialist systems to be developed and used for diverse purposes through Apps (mobile application). The present study proposed the development of a mobile application to help farmers follow up on-farm flock management. We retrieved rearing environment and flock data from commercial broiler farms that complied with broiler-producing standards and followed the breeders’ recommendations. Data were organized and normalized to serve as the basis for the software. We specified a performance index based on the average environment and flock-based data. The language used for the application development was Python compatible with the GNU GPL (General Public License), which has a vast library of ready-made functions. For the graphical interface, we selected Kivy and KivyMD framework. The developed mobile application might help farmers evaluate broiler rearing conditions on-farm during the flock’s growth and grade the flock using a performance index.

INCREASING THE ADDED VALUE OF BROILERS IN LHOKSEUMAWE CITY BY DEVELOPING SUPPLY CHAIN AND FOOD BALANCE MODELS

The purpose of this study was to determine the supply chain's path or flow pattern from the production source area to the consumer, as well as the parties involved, design a supply chain model, and build a food balance to determine whether there was a surplus or deficit of broiler meat in Lhokseumawe City. Furthermore, utilizing the Hayami technique, this study assesses the added value and profit for traders selling chicken meat. Documents, questionnaires, and interviews with retailers were used to collect data. The findings revealed that retailers controlled or monopolized the supply chain of broiler meat distribution, while producers were accomplices of several large corporations that controlled or monopolized the commodity of broiled chicken in Aceh Province. North Aceh Regency, Pidie Jaya Regency, and Pidie Regency are all sources of commodities coming from outside of Lhokseumawe City. To solve the problem of broiler meat supply, all competent parties, including the government, the commercial sector, relevant agencies/institutions, researchers, academics, scientists, and specialists, must work together to build a design model for the purebred broiler meat supply chain. Most actors cooperate and support one another to gain additional value and profit. Meanwhile, to make up for the losses, a few dealers sell other poultry products including free-range chicken and duck, as well as collect waste from the birds.

Combinations of mycotoxins in feed and their accumulation in internal organs of broiler chickens

The issue of safety of production and processing of agricultural raw materials for obtaining quality food is becoming more and more topical. Of particular concern in most countries of the world is the contamination with mycotoxins of plant and livestock products. Plant food is contaminated as a result of pathogenic fungi growth, and livestock due to the accumulation of toxins in the body. They enter the human food chain continuously dire0ctly with cereals, seeds, spices, fruit, drinks and other plant products, as well as directly through food obtained from animals and birds that have consumed feed contaminated with mycotoxins. The real threat from mycotoxins can be extremely high, as they accumulate in the tissues and internal organs of animals and birds, and the consumption of broiler meat is increasing every year, being a more accessible protein product. Because of the small molecular weight of mycotoxins, the body does not produce antibodies to them, thus no immunity occurs, so warm-blooded animals and humans remain sensitive to them throughout life. The aim of our investigation (research) was: 1 - to determine the effect of fodder contaminated with a combined group of mycotoxins (Fumonizin B1, Zearalenone, DON and T-2 toxin) exceeding the maximum allowable concentration on growth and development of young chickens. 2-determine histological changes in the structures of internal organs (liver and kidney), which are directly related to the general health of broiler chickens. Under the influence of mycotoxins the liver is subjected to dystrophic changes. It increases in volume, changes the structure of the liver becoming brittle or friable, the color becomes pale or filled with blood. Sinusoidal capillaries are filled with blood, perivascular infiltration with round cellular elements in the area of triads. Granulomas - clusters of lymphoid cells appear in thickness of lobules. Among lymphoid cells a large number of hepatocytes in a state of hyaline-droplet dystrophy and in a state of necrosis. In the kidneys cause edema in the middle part of the cortical substance, due to which, subcapsular renal corpuscles are pushed back to the kidney capsule and capillaries overflow with blood. Vascular glomeruli thickening decrease in size and go into a state of disintegration of loops. In the convoluted tubules, some cells are in a state of hyaline-capillary dystrophy, some - in a state of necrosis, resulting in violation of the architectonics of the tubule, subcapsular hemorrhages appear. Causes venous hyperemia.

Improving the quality of broiler meat when using sea buckthorn meal in feed

Sea buckthorn berries and products of their processing, including meal, have certain prospects in improving broiler meat production. The present paper contains materials on feeding broilers with sea buckthorn meal in the amount of 0.4-0.6% of the basic diet of chickens. Meal was added to the feed of broilers starting with Day 14 and up to Day 49 of age. The feed intake (basic diet), clinical condition of chickens, daily weight gains and preslaughter live weight were considered. The study was carried out by comparing to the group of chickens of the same age that received additional 0.4-0.6% feed instead of 0.4-0.6% of sea buckthorn meal. At the age of 49 day s all chickens were slaughtered for further study of meat characteristics comparing to meat of broilers of the control group. The use of sea buckthorn meal in feeds during 35 days in the amount of about 0.6% of the basic diet provided1 1% increase of daily weight gain of broilers compared to the control group and improved consumer as well as veterinary and sanitary meat characteristics.

Frequency of Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria in Broiler Meat

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents the ability of microorganisms to resist antimicrobial treatments. AMR occurs when microorganisms change in order to reduce or eliminate the effect of antimicrobials, which they were previously susceptible. There were reported animal food products contaminated with antimicrobial resistant strains, like methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Camylobacter spp., extended spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing-Enterobacteriaceae (Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp. etc.). The aim of this paper is to analyze the frequency of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in broiler meat, at European level. Data were obtained based on the latest EFSA and ECDC Reports, comparing the year 2016 with the year 2018 of the incidence of Salmonella spp., different serovars of Salmonella enterica subs. enterica and Escherichia coli producing ESBL and AmpC, in broiler meat. The incidence of resistant Salmonella spp. showed a decrease between 2016 and 2018. However, the incidence increased for different resistant serovars. Salmonella Infantis showed a decrease in the two years taken into consideration. Regarding the incidence of ESBL E. coli in broiler meat, the results showed an increase for resistance to ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and ampicillin.