scholarly journals ФОРМУВАННЯ МІКРОБНОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ ЧОРНОЗЕМУ ТИПОВОГО В АГРОЦЕНОЗІ ПШЕНИЦІ ОЗИМОЇ ЗА РІЗНИХ СИСТЕМ ЗЕМЛЕРОБСТВА

2014 ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
М. В. Патика ◽  
О. Ю. Колодяжний
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Systematic Application ◽  
Bacterial Complex

У процесі порівняльного аналізу формування мік-робного комплексу чорнозему типового в агроценозіпшениці озимої виявлено рівень диференціації чисель-ності основних фізіологічних і таксономічних групмікробіому. Показано особливості формування стру-ктури, якісного складу та різноманіття бактеріаль-ного комплексу за різних систем землеробства й об-робітку ґрунту. Встановлено, що систематичне вне-сення органічних добрив дозволяє оптимізувати мік-робіологічні процеси та сприяє збільшенню видовогорізноманіття з рівномірним розподілом із доміную-чих форм мікроорганізмів. Analysis of the formation of microbial complexof typical chernozem in agrocenosis of winter wheathas been analyzed. The level of differentiation ofnumber of the basic physiological and taxonomicgroups of microbes has been identified. Features ofstructure formation, the qualitative composition anddiversity of bacterial complex at different agrariansystems and tillage of soil have been shown. It hasbeen established that the systematic application oforganic fertilizers allows to be optimizedmicrobiological processes and contributes toincrease of species diversity with a uniformdistribution of the dominant forms ofmicroorganisms.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF THE EUBACTERIAL COMPLEX IN THE RHYOSPHERE OF SUGAR BEET (Beta vulgaris) UNDER DIFFERENT FERTILIZATION SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
S. O. Hudz ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Biological System ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Soil Microbiota ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
System Of Fertilizers

The aim of the work was to determine the quantitative, qualitative composition and taxonomic structure of the eubacterial complex in the rhizosphere of sugar beet under different fertilizer systems. Microbiological methods were used to determine the content of microorganisms in the rhizosphere of sugar beet. Molecular methods were used to determine taxonomic structure as well as metagenome of the eubacterial complex of microorganisms. In the agrocenosis of sugar beet under different fertilizer systems the representatives of such families were prevailed as Alcaligenaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Nitrososphaeraceae, Gaiellaceae, Micrococcaceae, Solirubrobacteraceae, Streptomycetaceae, Intrasporangiaceae, Solimonadaceae, Syntrophobacteraceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Nocardioidaceae, Hyphomicrobiaceae, Comamonadaceae. It was found that under the biological system of fertilizers the species diversity of soil microbiota increased due to phyla: Alcaligenaceae, Gaiellaceae, Solirubrobacteraceae, Streptomycetaceae, Solimonadaceae, Syntrophobacteraceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Nocardioidaceae, Hyphomicrobiaceae, Hyphomicrobiaceae. It was detected that the basis of the eubacterial complex of sugar beet included representatives of phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, Bacteroidetes, and the absolute dominants were Proteobacteria – 76.9%, Actinobacteria – 13,4 %.

scholarly journals TREMATODE FAUNA OF MOLLUSKS OF THE KATTAKURGAN RESERVOIR OF THE SAMARKAND REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 502-508
Author(s):  
Shakarbaev ◽  
Akramova ◽  
Esonboyev ◽  
Shodieva
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Radix Auricularia

The paper presents research data on the fauna and qualitative composition of trematode cercaria of the families that maturate in mollusks, namely, Lymnaeidae, Planorbidae, and Physidae of the Kattakurgan Reservoir of the Samarkand Region. The work was carried out in the spring-summer and autumn time of 2017–2019 in the Kattakurgan Reservoir. There were 7510 mollusks (Lymnaeidae – 4116 specimens, Planorbidae – 2280 specimens and Physidae – 620 specimens) collected and investigated according to the known malacology methods. As our collections showed, 5 species were found here in 2017–2019 – L. auricularia, L. subdisjuncta, Costatelia acuta, Planorbis planorbis, and Anisus covexiusculus. Among them – Lymnaea auricularia and L. sudisjuncta live on the lower layers of plants, and are sometimes found on the slopes of the dam. Seven species of mollusks infected with trematode larvae were found in the examined reservoir. We found that the fauna of trematode cercaria from the studied reservoir is represented by 16 species belonging to 15 genera. The richest species diversity of cercariae in mollusks Planorbis planorbis is 6 species. Cercariae are represented by 5 species in mollusks Radix auricularia in the studied region.

scholarly journals Features of the microbial landscape of patients' wounds at different periods of existence

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
Y Yarets
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Microbiological Diagnostics ◽  
Microbial Associations ◽  
Qualitative Structure ◽  
High Level ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Aim: to analyze the results of a microbiological diagnostics of wound swabs in patients with wounds of different duration. Material and methods. The results of bacteriological swabs of 405 wound samples from acute wounds (AW, up to 3 weeks, n=176) and chronic wounds (CW, more than 3 weeks, n=229) were analyzed. Results. Differences were found between the groups in the frequency of obtaining negative swabs (in AW – 24.7% [18.6; 30.9] cases), detection of monocultures (in AW – 50.9% [45.3; 56.5] cases) and microbial associations (in CW – 42.0% [35.4; 48.6]). Gram(+) bacteria – 73.1% and 62.1% (Staphylococcus spp., E. faecalis, Streptococcus gr. viridans) were dominant in wounds; Gram(-) bacteria (23.8% in AW and 33.6% in CW), represented by Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter, in CW were characterized by a wider species diversity. Only Gram(+) bacteria were found in AW up to 1 day of the existence; a change in the qualitative composition of microflora was manifested starting from the 10th day of the existence of wounds in the form of the appearance of Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci strains was 52% and 54% for AW, 42% and 72% for CW, respectively. E. faecalis showed a high level of resistance to aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones in all the wounds (>50% of isolates). Gram(+) bacteria were completely susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, and tigecycline. The sensitivity of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa to carbapenems in all cases was high – 69% and 74%, to colistin – 100%. The sensitivity to aminoglycosides – amikacin, tobramycin in P. aeruginosa was 76% and 78%, in A. baumannii – 48% and 59%, respectively. K. pneumoniae showed complete sensitivity to carbapenems. Other Enterobacteriaceae were less resistant than K. pneumoniae. Conclusion. The results of a microbiological diagnostics of wound swabs made it possible to determine the qualitative structure of microflora and its differences depending on the duration of wound existence. The data obtained are the basis for further research, allowing to establish priority pathogens that disrupt the process of wound healing and are the cause of the formation of chronic wounds.

Ukrainian Chernozem Fertility Reproduction under Soil Conservation Agriculture

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
Yu. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Instructional Materials ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Degradation Processes ◽  
Biological Potential

In Ukraine 57.5 % of agricultural land is subjected to erosion with 10–24 million tons of humus, 0.3–0.96 million tons of nitrogen, 0.7–0.9 million tons of phosphorus and 6–12 million tons of potassium lost annually. Degradation processes are also common on chernozems, which cover about 60 % of the Ukrainian territory. The aim of the research is to defi ne the most eff ective soil conservation practices and legislative decisions aimed to conservation/recovering the Ukrainian chernozem fertility. The experimental data of the agrochemical certifi cation of Ukrainian lands, data from scientifi c papers, stock and instructional materials as well as our own fi eld and laboratory studies were used. It has been established that the long-term use of deep subsurface tillage on typical chernozem increases, compared with plowing, the content of 10–0.25 mm of air-dry and water-resistant aggregates, the bulk density, soil water storages, water infi ltration rates, the content of mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium, pHH2O, CaCO3 stocks, the contents of humic and fulvic acids, molecular weights of humic acids – by 5.5 and 3.06 %; 0.05 g/cm3; 25.5 mm; 22.6 mm/h; 0.1 and 3 mg/100 g of soil; 0.03 pHH2O; 18 t/ha, 0.02 and 0.04 %, 91195 kDa, respectively. Fertilizers may contribute to the crop yields increase from by 60% in the Polissya, by 40 % – in the Forest Steppe, by 15 % – in the Wet Steppe, by 10 % – in the Dry Steppe and by 40 % – in the Irrigated Steppe areas. In soil-conservation rotations, the crop placement and alternation are advisable to combine with strips or hills sowing, taking into account the local relief features; soil alkalinization, applying anti-erosion structures. Ukrainian agriculture will receive additional 10–12 million tons of forage units or 20–22 % from all fodder in a fi eld agriculture under increasing 8–10 % of arable lands for intercrops. It is advisable to mulch the eroded chernozems of Ukraine depending on their texture composition: 1.3 t/ha of mulch for sandy and loamy soils, 1.9 t/ha – for sandy and 1.1 t/ha – for loamy soils. The implementation of soil conservation agriculture can minimize some soil degradation processes and improve eff ective soil properties required to realize the biological potential of cultivated plants. Key words: chernozem, degradation, fertility, soil conservation technologies, agriculture policy.

Diatoms in the Early Valdai (Weichselian) sediments in Lake Ladoga basin

2019 ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
Anna V. Ludikova
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Lake Ladoga ◽  
Diatom Assemblages ◽  
Marine Diatoms ◽  
Selective Preservation

The pioneer diatom study of the Early Weichselian (Valdai) sediments in Lake Ladoga basin was performed. The specifics of the diatom assemblages (co-occurrence of ecologically incompatible taxa, poor species diversity, low diatom concentration and selective preservation) suggest that during the Early Weichselian time intense erosion of previously deposited marine Eemian (Mikulino) sediments prevailed, which resulted in re-deposition of marine diatoms. The sedimentation took place in high-energy environments unfavorable for diatom accumulation and preservation.

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