Factor Structure of the Memory for Intentions Test (MIsT) in Samples of Older Adults and People with HIV Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelli Sullivan ◽  
Matthew Gallagher ◽  
Romola S. Bucks ◽  
Michael Weinborn ◽  
Steven Paul Woods
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Disease ◽  
Memory For Intentions ◽  
The One

Objective: The Memory for Intentions Test (MIsT) is a clinical measure of prospective memory that has strong evidence for convergent, discriminative, and ecological validity. This study evaluates the latent structure of the MIsT among two samples who may experience prospective memory deficits: older adults and people living with HIV disease. Participants and Methods: Study participants included 303 people with HIV disease (ages 18-67) and 267 community-dwelling older adults (ages 50-91). Confirmatory factor analyses of the MIsT were conducted separately in each sample. We evaluated a one-factor model, as well as three two-factor models with the MIsT items loading onto each factor based on cue type, delay interval, or response modality, respectively. Results: The one-factor model provided the best (and most parsimonious) fit to the data in both study samples. All two-factor models also demonstrated good fit statistics, although correlations between the two factors in each model were high and none of the two-factor models provided a significantly better fit than the one-factor model. Conclusions: Results provide support for the factor structure of the MIsT in older adults and people with HIV disease. A total score for the MIsT provides the most parsimonious solution, although available evidence and theory also support the use of subscales (e.g., cue type). Future studies of the MIsT would be useful to determine its psychometrics in different clinical populations.

Factor Structure of the New Environmental Paradigm Scale: Evidence from an Urban Sample in Southern California

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Ho C. Ji
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Urban Sample ◽  
Original Scale ◽  
The One ◽  
Three Factor ◽  
New Environmental Paradigm

This study examined the factor structure of the New Environmental Paradigm Scale using responses from 261 urban subjects from southern California. The analysis yielded findings inconsistent with many previous studies of the original scale. This study supported an 8-item two-factor model of the scale rather than the one-factor and three-factor models proposed earlier. A subsequent validation study provides evidence for this short form's validity, as the two factors were predictive of commitment to preservation of nature.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Dental Activities Test: An Exploratory Factor Analysis in Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Chen ◽  
Wen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Assisted Living ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
The One

Objective. The Dental Activities Test (DAT) was developed to be used by dental, nursing, and other health professionals to assess the ability of persons with dementia to perform oral health-related activities and aid care planning. The instrument was designed as a unitary scale and has excellent internal consistency, test-retest reliability, interrater reliability, and construct validity. This study examines the underlying factor structure of the DAT among older adults in assisted living settings. Methods. In a secondary analysis of the data from the original study, the results of testing of 90 older adults with normal to severely impaired cognition from three assisted living communities in North Carolina from March 2013 to February 2014 were studied. An exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the dimensionality of the presumed unitary assessment scale. Results. Two-factor structures were explored. A one-factor model demonstrated acceptably mixed model fit, and a two-factor model had good model fit with moderate correlation between the two factors (r=0.667, p<0.05). All the items in the one-factor model demonstrated significant factor loadings (loadings ≥ 0.39, all p<0.05), while the loadings of some items in the two-factor model (nonsignificant or cross-loadings, loadings < 0.40) did not meet the criteria of factor selection. The one-factor structure was preferred based on the criteria of Scree Plot, eigenvalue, and factor interpretability in relation to clinical relevance. Conclusions. The study provided preliminary evidence that the Dental Activities Test has a unidimensional construct among older adults with cognitive impairment. It suggested that this instrument can be used as a unitary scale to assess dental-related function in persons with dementia. Future testing, including using a confirmatory factor analysis, in a new sample is needed to further assess the usefulness and psychometric properties of this instrument.

scholarly journals Does the Key Task Measure Prospective Memory? Cautionary Findings from Parallel Studies in HIV Disease and Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1438-1444
Author(s):  
Michelle A Babicz ◽  
Kelli L Sullivan ◽  
Michael Weinborn ◽  
Romola S Bucks ◽  
Amanda Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Hiv Disease ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Parallel Methods ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Task Measure

Abstract Objective Despite its brevity and face validity, little is known about the construct validity of the naturalistic “Key Task” of prospective memory (PM), in which an examinee is instructed to remind the examiner at a designated time to retrieve keys (or another belonging) placed out of sight. Method Study 1 included 162 HIV+ and 52 HIV− comparison participants who completed the Key Task alongside well-validated measures of PM and a comprehensive neuropsychological battery that included everyday functioning measures. Study 2 used broadly parallel methods in 168 older community-dwelling Australians. Results Overall, the Key Task was not reliably associated with neurocognitive functioning (including clinical and experimental measures of PM), PM symptoms, or everyday functioning in either sample. Conclusions The Key Task did not demonstrate compelling evidence of construct validity among persons living with HIV disease or older adults, which raises doubts regarding its clinical usefulness as a measure of PM.

Time-Based Prospective Memory Is Associated with Functional Performance in Persons with MS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1035-1043
Author(s):  
Erica Weber ◽  
Nancy D. Chiaravalloti ◽  
John DeLuca ◽  
Yael Goverover
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Memory For Intentions ◽  
Event Based

AbstractObjective:Persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) often report prospective memory (PM) failures that directly impact their everyday life. However, it is not known whether PM deficits confer an increased risk of poorer everyday functioning. The aims of this study were to: (1) compare time- (Time-PM) and event-based PM (Event-PM) performance between persons with MS and healthy controls (HCs), (2) examine the neuropsychological correlates of PM in MS, and (3) examine the relationship between PM and everyday functioning in MS.Method:A between-subjects design was used to examine 30 adults with MS and 30 community-dwelling HC. Participants were administered the Memory for Intentions Screening Test (MIST) to assess PM skills, the Actual Reality™ (AR) to assess everyday functioning, and a battery of cognitive tests.Results:The MS group performed significantly worse on Time-PM compared to HC but not on Event-PM tasks. While both Time-PM and Event-PM subscales were correlated with retrospective learning and memory, the MIST Time-PM subscale was correlated with executive functions. Significant correlations were observed between AR and the MIST Time-PM, but not Event-PM, subscales.Conclusions:The results highlight the role of executive functions on Time-PM. Furthermore, significant relationships with AR extend the ecological validity of the MIST to MS populations.

scholarly journals Could Questions on Activities of Daily Living Estimate Grip Strength of Older Adults Living Independently in the Community?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Simard ◽  
Maude Chalifoux ◽  
Véronique Fortin ◽  
Maude Jeanson Archambault ◽  
Anne St-Cerny-Gosselin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Perceived Difficulty ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Manual Tasks ◽  
The One ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

The aim of this study was to identify questions that could estimate grip strength. Twenty-six questions about the degree of perceived difficulty performing manual tasks as well as two questions concerning self-rated grip strength were developed and completed by 123 community-dwelling older adults, followed by grip strength measurements using a Martin vigorimeter. Multiple regression analyses with all of the participants revealed that the question about the difficulty of opening a jar (question 4) was most associated with grip strength. When analyses were done by gender, the same question showed the best correlation for women, whereas the one for men was self-rated grip strength compared with people the same age (question 28). For the women, age and question 4 together explained 54% of the variance in their grip strength and for the men, age and question 28 explained 46%. Further studies are needed to identify other information that could help to better estimate grip strength for use in epidemiological surveys.

Validity of the Multidimensional Outcome Expectations for Exercise Scale in Continuing-Care Retirement Communities

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine S. Hall ◽  
Thomas R. Wójcicki ◽  
Siobhan M. Phillips ◽  
Edward McAuley
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Retirement Communities ◽  
Continuing Care ◽  
Continuing Care Retirement Communities ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Best Fit

Objective:The current study examined the psychometric properties and validity of the Multidimensional Outcome Expectations for Exercise Scale (MOEES) in a sample of older adults with physical and functional comorbidities.Methods:Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the hypothesized 3-factor model in 108 older adults (M age 85 yr) residing in continuing-care retirement communities.Results:Analyses supported the 3-factor structure of the MOEES reflecting physical, social, and self-evaluative outcome expectations, with a 12-item model providing the best fit. Theorized bivariate associations between outcome expectations and physical activity, self-efficacy, and functional performance were all supported.Conclusions:The 12-item version of the MOEES appears to be a reliable and valid measure of outcome expectations for exercise in this sample of older adults with physical and functional comorbidities. Further examination of the factor structure and the longitudinal properties of this measure in older adults is warranted.

Cross-Cultural Validation of the Modified Practice Attitudes Scale: Initial Factor Analysis and a New Factor Model

Assessment ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heehoon Park ◽  
Chad K. Ebesutani ◽  
Kyong-Mee Chung ◽  
Cameo Stanick
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Health System ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Mental Health System ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
The One

Objective: The objective of this study was to create the Korean version of the Modified Practice Attitudes Scale (K-MPAS) to measure clinicians’ attitudes toward evidence-based treatments (EBTs) in the Korean mental health system. Method: Using 189 U.S. therapists and 283 members from the Korean mental health system, we examined the reliability and validity of the MPAS scores. We also conducted the first exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis on the MPAS and compared EBT attitudes across U.S. and Korean therapists. Results: Results revealed that the inclusion of both “reversed-worded” and “non–reversed-worded” items introduced significant method effects that compromised the integrity of the one-factor MPAS model. Problems with the one-factor structure were resolved by eliminating the “non–reversed-worded” items. Reliability and validity were adequate among both Korean and U.S. therapists. Korean therapists also reported significantly more negative attitudes toward EBTs on the MPAS than U.S. therapists. Conclusions: The K-MPAS is the first questionnaire designed to measure Korean service providers’ attitudes toward EBTs to help advance the dissemination of EBTs in Korea. The current study also demonstrated the negative impacts that can be introduced by incorporating oppositely worded items into a scale, particularly with respect to factor structure and detecting significant group differences.

Only social feedback reduces age-related prospective memory deficits in “Virtual Week”

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 759-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Niedźwieńska ◽  
Peter G. Rendell ◽  
Krystian Barzykowski ◽  
Alicja Leszczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Feedback ◽  
Feedback Group ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Memory For Intentions

ABSTRACTBackground:Prospective memory, or remembering to do things in the future, is crucial for independent living in old age. Although there is evidence of substantial age-related deficits in memory for intentions, older adults have demonstrated the ability to compensate for their deficits in everyday life. The present study investigated feedback as a strategy for facilitating prospective memory in the elderly.Method:Young and older adults played a computer-based task, Virtual Week, in which they had to remember to carry out life-like intentions. After each virtual day, specific feedback on prospective memory performance was automatically provided on the computer screen that participants either proceeded through by themselves (non-social feedback) or were taken through by an experimenter (social feedback). The control group received no feedback.Results:We found that, compared with no-feedback group, only social feedback substantially reduced the age-related deficit in prospective memory. Older adults significantly benefited from feedback provided by the experimenter on the tasks of intermediate difficulty. Unexpectedly, prospective memory with non-social feedback was not only worse than with social feedback, but it was not any better than without any feedback at all.Conclusions:The results extended previous findings on the effectiveness of feedback in improving the memory performance of older adults to include memory for intentions. Despite the feedback meeting the critical recommendations of being specific, objective, and well-targeted, it was ineffective when the feedback displayed on the computer was not introduced by the experimenter. This has implications for computerized training tasks where automated feedback is considered crucial.

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