Conceptual flexibility and the meaning of Covid-19: evidence from the first Italian lockdown

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Mazzuca ◽  
Ilenia Falcinelli ◽  
Arthur-Henri Michalland ◽  
Luca Tummolini ◽  
Anna M. Borghi
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual System ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Conceptual Space ◽  
System P ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Conceptual Relations ◽  
Conceptual Flexibility ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Several studies highlighted the flexible character of our conceptual system. However, less is known about the construction of meaning and the impact of novel concepts on the structuring of our conceptual space. We addressed these questions by collecting free listing data from Italian participants on a newly–and yet nowadays critical–introduced concept, i.e., Covid-19, during the first Italian lockdown. We also collected data for other five illness-related concepts. Our results show that Covid-19’s representation is mostly couched in the emotional sphere, predominantly evoking fear—linked to both possible health-related concerns and social-emotional ones. In contrast with initial public debates participants did not assimilate Covid-19 neither completely to severe illnesses (e.g., tumor) nor completely to mild illnesses (e.g., flu). Moreover, we also found that Covid-19 has shaped conceptual relations of other concepts in the illness domain, making certain features and associations more salient (e.g., flu-fear; disease-mask). Overall, our results show for the first time how a novel, real concept molds existing conceptual relations, testifying the malleability of our conceptual system.

scholarly journals Differences and similarities in the conceptualization of COVID-19 and other diseases in the first Italian lockdown

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Mazzuca ◽  
Ilenia Falcinelli ◽  
Arthur-Henri Michalland ◽  
Luca Tummolini ◽  
Anna M. Borghi
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual System ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Conceptual Space ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
Construction Of Meaning ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Conceptual Relations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

AbstractSeveral studies have highlighted the flexible character of our conceptual system. However, less is known about the construction of meaning and the impact of novel concepts on the structuring of our conceptual space. We addressed these questions by collecting free listing data from Italian participants on a newly–and yet nowadays critical–introduced concept, i.e., COVID-19, during the first Italian lockdown. We also collected data for other five illness-related concepts. Our results show that COVID-19’s representation is mostly couched in the emotional sphere, predominantly evoking fear—linked to both possible health-related concerns and social-emotional ones. In contrast with initial public debates we found that participants did not assimilate COVID-19 neither completely to severe illnesses (e.g., tumor) nor completely to mild illnesses (e.g., flu). Moreover, we also found that COVID-19 has shaped conceptual relations of other concepts in the illness domain, making certain features and associations more salient (e.g., flu-fear; disease-mask). Overall, our results show for the first time how a novel, real concept molds existing conceptual relations, testifying the malleability of our conceptual system.

scholarly journals Health Related Quality of Life of Children Infected with HIV in Agra Region, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Dipti Agarwal ◽  
N.C. Prajapati
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
The Impact

Objective and Methods: HIV specific health related quality of life (HRQOL) instrument based on PedQLTM4.0 generic scale was prepared and named HIV-QOL. It was validated and used to evaluate HRQOL in HIV infected children in an observational,crossectional study conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Sarojini Naidu Medical College, Agra, India. Results:Cronbach’s alpha score > 0.7,supported acceptable internal consistency of the instrument.The correlation coefficient of more than 0.8 indicated that the instrument was valid for application. Study included 40 HIV infected children between age 8 to 18 years.Their mean scores were calculated in all four domains (viz physical, social, emotional and school functioning) and comparison of HRQOL scores was done with respect to various social and demographic parameters. CD4 counts, clinical stage of the disease and living status of the parents and anti retroviral therapy (ART) had significant influence on the HRQOL scores. Conclusion: HIV QOL is a valid instrument to assess the health related quality of life of HIV infected children in India. It can help in assessing their health status, as well as in evaluating the impact of various medical and social programmes aimed at improving their quality of life.

PSYCHO-SEMANTIC APPROACHES ?? INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-123
Author(s):  
A. Begoyan
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Conceptual Space ◽  
Conceptual Flexibility ◽  
Reality Distortion

The article presents a psychosemantic approach to interpersonal relations, which is based on the theoretical concepts of O. Harvey, D. Hunt, & H. Schroeder, as well as, L.Vygotski, A. N. Leontev, D.N. Leontev, V. Nalimov, and others. A psychosemantic approach to interpersonal relations manifests through the concepts of person’s conceptual system, gestalt-concepts, conceptual dissonance, common conceptual space, and conceptual flexibility. The main pathogenic strategies of conceptual dissonance smoothing, like distortion of existing reality, distortion of the laws and principles offormal logic, and rejection of previous experience, are also discussed.

ACCESSIBLE HOUSING AND HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE: MEASUREMENTS OF WELLBEING OUTCOMES FOLLOWING HOME MODIFICATIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillippa Carnemolla ◽  
Catherine Bridge
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Home Modifications ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Impact

The multi-dimensional relationship between housing and population health is now well recognised internationally, across both developing and developed nations. This paper examines a dimension within the housing and health relationship – accessibility – that to date has been considered difficult to measure. This paper reports on the mixed method results of larger mixed-method, exploratory study designed to measure the impact of home modifications on Health-Related Quality of Life, supported by qualitative data of recipients’ experiences of home modifications. Data was gathered from 157 Australian HACC clients, who had received home modifications. Measurements were taken for both before and after home modifications and reveal that home modifications were associated with an average 40% increase in Health-Related Quality of Life levels. The qualitative results revealed that participants positively associated home modifications across six effect themes: increased safety and confidence, improved mobility at home, increased independence, supported care-giving role, increased social participation, and ability to return home from hospital. This exploratory research gives an insight into the potential for accessible architecture to impact improvements in community health and wellbeing.

Identity concerns drive belief: The impact of partisan identity on the belief and dissemination of true and false news

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Pereira ◽  
Jay Joseph Van Bavel ◽  
Elizabeth Ann Harris
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Identity ◽  
Social Goals ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Political Beliefs ◽  
System P ◽  
False News ◽  
Democrats And Republicans ◽  
The Impact

Political misinformation, often called “fake news”, represents a threat to our democracies because it impedes citizens from being appropriately informed. Evidence suggests that fake news spreads more rapidly than real news—especially when it contains political content. The present article tests three competing theoretical accounts that have been proposed to explain the rise and spread of political (fake) news: (1) the ideology hypothesis— people prefer news that bolsters their values and worldviews; (2) the confirmation bias hypothesis—people prefer news that fits their pre-existing stereotypical knowledge; and (3) the political identity hypothesis—people prefer news that allows their political in-group to fulfill certain social goals. We conducted three experiments in which American participants read news that concerned behaviors perpetrated by their political in-group or out-group and measured the extent to which they believed the news (Exp. 1, Exp. 2, Exp. 3), and were willing to share the news on social media (Exp. 2 and 3). Results revealed that Democrats and Republicans were both more likely to believe news about the value-upholding behavior of their in-group or the value-undermining behavior of their out-group, supporting a political identity hypothesis. However, although belief was positively correlated with willingness to share on social media in all conditions, we also found that Republicans were more likely to believe and want to share apolitical fake new. We discuss the implications for theoretical explanations of political beliefs and application of these concepts in in polarized political system.

Relationship between big five personality model and abusive supervision

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibi Tahira ◽  
Naveed Saif ◽  
Muhammad Haroon ◽  
Sadaqat Ali
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Abusive Supervision ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Supervisor Behavior ◽  
Moderating Role

The current study tries to understand the diverse nature of relationship between personality Big Five Model (PBFM) and student's perception of abusive supervision in higher education institutions of Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa Pakistan. Data was collected in dyads i.e. (supervisors were asked to rate their personality attributes while student were asked to rate the supervisor behavior) through adopted construct. For this purpose, data was collected from three government state universities and one Private Sector University. The focus was on MS/M.Phill and PhD student and their supervisors of the mentioned universities. After measuring normality and validity regression analysis was conducted to assess the impact of supervisor personality characteristics that leads to abusive supervision. Findings indicate interestingly that except agreeableness other four attributes of (PBFM) are play their role for abusive supervision. The results are novel in the nature as for the first time Neuroticism, openness to experience, extraversion and conscientiousness are held responsible for the abusive supervision. The study did not explore the demographic characteristics, and moderating role of organizational culture, justice and interpersonal deviances to understand the strength of relationship in more detail way. Keywords: Personality big five model, abusive supervision, HEIs

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