Do personality sex differences mirror personality differences across occupations?

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.31234/osf.io/f8jqe ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alice Díaz ◽

René Mõttus ◽

Tom Booth ◽

Kätlin Anni

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Labor Market ◽

Sex Segregation ◽

Personality Differences

It has been argued that the sex segregation of the labor market reflects personality sex differences. So far, few studies have used actual occupational titles. This study aims to tackle these limitations as well as to expand previous research by operationalizing occupations as occupational field (i.e. STEM vs. Non-STEM) and as occupational orientation (i.e. Prediger’s people-things dimension). We replicated our analyses in three independent samples (Estonia, China, and UK) and, although there was no evidence that personality sex differences mirrored personality differences between occupational fields or between occupational orientations, results suggested that personality could be more relevant when choosing occupational orientation rather than occupational field.

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Sex Differences and Sex Segregation in Students' Small-Group Communication

Gender Influences in Classroom Interaction ◽

10.1016/b978-0-12-752075-9.50014-3 ◽

1985 ◽

pp. 185-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

LOUISE CHERRY WILKINSON ◽

JANET LINDOW ◽

CHI-PANG CHIANG

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Small Group ◽

Group Communication ◽

Sex Segregation ◽

Small Group Communication

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Sex Differences in Verbal Operant Conditioning

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1964.15.1.259 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 259-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Victor J. Cieutat

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Time Trends ◽

Negative Reinforcement ◽

Same Sex ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Design Modification ◽

Personality Differences ◽

Small Group Discussions ◽

Verbal Operant ◽

Conditioning Extinction

Two studies concerned effects of sex of Ss, sex of E, positive vs negative reinforcement (i.e., attention vs inattention), and time trends, on the conditioning and extinction of participation in structured and unstructured small group discussions. Previous results indicated reinforcement is effective only when administered by an E of the same sex as Ss. Present results did not support this expectation and also were not consistent with each other. Exp. I was partly consistent with expectation only when E was male; no conditioning was obtained by female Es. For Exp. II only the female E produced conditioning. Extinction effects in both experiments were inconsistent with expectation. In an earlier study (Cieutat, 1962) and in both Exps. I and II the same four factors were evaluated with some design modification, and were found to interact complexly and significantly ( p < .01, < .10, < .10, respectively). These interactions between sex of E, sex of Ss, reinforcement, and time, though significant in three independent evaluations, were so because of different trends in each case. These differences are discussed in terms of uncontrolled personality differences between Es and Ss.

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Sex segregation by field of study and the influence of labor markets: Evidence from 39 countries

International Journal of Comparative Sociology ◽

10.1177/0020715216689294 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 3-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Elizabeth A Moorhouse

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Method Of Moments ◽

Generalized Method Of Moments ◽

Sex Segregation ◽

Field Of Study ◽

Economic Rights ◽

Unemployment Rates ◽

Level Of Economic Development ◽

New Feature ◽

Market Variables

Data from 39 countries for the years 2008–2011 are used to explore how features of a country’s labor market influence sex segregation by field of study in higher education. A new feature of this empirical study is the use of the system generalized method of moments (system-GMM) to analyze these relationships. Two new labor market variables are included in this study: a measure of a country’s economic protections for women and the national unemployment rate. After controlling for the level of economic development and characteristics of each country’s tertiary system, the results indicate that labor market variables have an important impact on sex segregation by field of study. All else equal, countries that protect women’s economic rights are associated with lower levels of sex segregation by field. Although the finding is less robust, the empirical evidence also supports that countries with higher unemployment rates experience lower levels of sex segregation.

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