scholarly journals University Instructors’ Achievement Goals for Teaching

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Daumiller ◽  
Oliver Dickhäuser ◽  
Markus Dresel
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Teaching Quality ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Performance Goals ◽  
Goal Structure ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
University Instructors ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Avoidance Goals

Achievement goals of university instructors for teaching were examined. We investigated the structure of these goals, the stability of this structure across different groups of instructors, and the relations of these goals to teaching-related outcomes. Achievement goals, positive affect, attitudes toward help, and self-reported teaching quality were assessed in a sample of 1,066 German university instructors from three different status groups (221 full professors, 370 postdoc staff members, 427 staff members without a PhD). The results confirmed that the well-established mastery, performance approach, and performance avoidance goals are likewise valid for university instructors, and that an appearance and a normative component of performance goals can be distinguished. Learning avoidance goals could be distinguished from learning approach goals and task goals could be separated from learning and performance goals. Also, work avoidance and relational goals were distinct from all previous goals. A model representing all differentiations adequately fitted the data. The goal structure was found to be completely invariant across different status groups of instructors—however, groups differed by mean levels of goals. Structural equation modeling pointed to the relevance of the goals: Theoretically sensible relationships with positive affect, attitudes toward help, and teaching quality affirmed the predictive validity of each goal class. Again, these relations were identical for all groups of instructors, highlighting the importance of the addressed goals independent of instructor status. Taken together, this sheds light on the structure of university instructors’ achievement goals, and emphasizes the importance of this concept for analyzing instruction and learning in higher education.

scholarly journals University Instructors’ Implicit Theories of Intelligence, Achievement Goals for Teaching, and Teaching Quality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Loderer ◽  
Markus Dresel ◽  
Oliver Dickhäuser ◽  
Martin Daumiller
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Implicit Theories ◽  
Instructional Quality ◽  
Teaching Quality ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
University Instructors ◽  
Work Avoidance ◽  
Avoidance Goals

University instructors’ goals for teaching are important for teaching quality. However, studies examining factors that shape instructors’ goal adoption are lacking. Using data from 785 instructors, we investigated whether implicit theories (ITs) about the malleability of intelligence constitute one such factor. Following achievement goal theory and Dweck’s (1999) achievement motivation framework, we analyzed whether differences in teaching goals are attributable to differences in ITs, and whether goals mediate the relation between ITs and instructional quality. Structural equation modeling yielded the expected relations between goals and instructional quality (positive for mastery and performance approach goals; negative for performance avoidance and work avoidance goals). As hypothesized, stronger endorsement of incremental ITs was positively related to mastery, and negatively to work avoidance goals. However, ITs were unrelated to performance goals. Indirect effects of ITs on teaching quality via goals were significant but rather weak. Implications for research and fostering teaching motivation are discussed.

scholarly journals Do Teachers’ Achievement Goals and Self-efficacy Beliefs Matter for Students’ Learning Experiences? Evidence from Two Studies on Perceived Teaching Quality and Emotional Experiences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Daumiller ◽  
Stefan Janke ◽  
Julia Hein ◽  
Raven Rinas ◽  
Oliver Dickhäuser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Teacher Motivation ◽  
Learning Experiences ◽  
Teaching Quality ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Avoidance Goals ◽  
Teacher Motivations

Although teacher motivation is posited to matter for students’ learning experiences, this remains largely uninvestigated, particularly in higher education. In two studies, we analyzed the role of higher education teachers’ achievement goals and self-efficacy for students’ learning experi-ences. In Study 1 (k = 166 teachers, n = 2,106 students), we assessed teachers’ motivations at the semester start, and students’ course-specific perceptions of teaching quality (overall rating, learning) and emotions (joy, boredom) at the semester end. Latent multilevel modeling indicat-ed favorable associations for teachers’ self-efficacy, but not for their goals. In Study 2 (k = 96 teachers, n = 16,009 students), we assessed the same constructs and measured students’ learn-ing experiences weekly regarding 828 specific course sessions. Additionally, we included teach-ers’ session-specific motivations. Results replicated the effects of self-efficacy on the teacher-level and suggested that performance-approach and performance-avoidance goals primarily matter on the level of specific sessions. This affirms the relevance of teacher motivations and il-luminates the importance of their specificity.

scholarly journals Structure and Relationships of University Instructors’ Achievement Goals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Daumiller ◽  
Robert Grassinger ◽  
Oliver Dickhäuser ◽  
Markus Dresel
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Teaching Quality ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
University Instructors ◽  
Work Avoidance ◽  
Measuring Achievement ◽  
Avoidance Goals

The present study examines the achievement goals of university instructors, particularly the structure of such goals, and their relationship to biographic characteristics, other aspects of instructors’ motivation, and teaching quality. Two hundred and fifty-one university instructors (184 without Ph.D., 97 with Ph.D., thereof 51 full professors; 146 males, 92 females) answered a questionnaire measuring achievement goals, self-efficacy, and enthusiasm in altogether 392 courses. Teaching quality was assessed using reports from 9,241 students who were attending these courses. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed mastery, performance approach, performance avoidance, work avoidance, and relational goals as being distinguishable from each other. Distinct relationships were found between different instructors’ achievement goals, and gender, age, and career status as well as self-efficacy and enthusiasm. Hierarchical linear models suggested positive associations of instructors’ mastery goals with teaching quality, while negative associations were indicated for performance avoidance goals and work avoidance goals in relation to teaching quality. Exploratory analyses conducted due to a quite large correlation between performance approach and performance avoidance goals indicated that for university instructors, differentiating performance goals into appearance and normative components might also be adequate. All in all, the study highlights the auspiciousness of the theoretical concept of university instructors’ achievement goals and contributes to making it comprehensively accessible.

scholarly journals Need Satisfaction and Achievement Goals for Teaching of Universi-ty Faculty: An International Study of Their Interplay and Relevance for Positive Affect, Teaching Quality, and Professional Learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Daumiller ◽  
Stefan Janke ◽  
Raven Rinas ◽  
Oliver Dickhäuser ◽  
Markus Dresel
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
International Study ◽  
Teaching Quality ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Achievement Goal ◽  
University Faculty ◽  
Faculty Motivation ◽  
Faculty Experiences

Previous research has successfully used basic psychological need and achievement goal ap-proaches for describing the motivations of university faculty for teaching and for explaining differences in faculty experiences, success, and learning. However, the interplay between these motivational constructs has been largely ignored, with only faculty from specific educational contexts being studied—neglecting those from other higher education systems and institution types that potentially differ in the configurations, levels, and effects of their motivations. As combining both approaches and examining multiple educational contexts is essential for a comprehensive theoretical understanding of faculty motivation and generalizable results, we conducted an international study including 1,410 university faculty members from German, In-dian, and US-American teaching and research universities. Aside from need satisfaction and achievement goals, we measured their positive affect, teaching quality, and professional learn-ing. Results attested measurement invariance of basic need and achievement goal scales regard-ing language, higher education context, and institution type. We found small differences in mo-tivations between the three higher education contexts and negligible differences between institu-tion types. Task, learning, and relational goals were positively, and work avoidance goals were negatively linked to the outcome variables. Need satisfaction sensibly explained differences in pursuit of these goals, and—directly and indirectly through the goals—also the outcome varia-bles. Taken together, these results provide international evidence for the importance of faculty motivation for teaching and illuminate how need satisfaction is relevant for goal pursuit, while both motivation approaches uniquely matter for faculty experiences, success, and learning.

scholarly journals Setting Lower Limits High: The Role of Boundary Goals in Achievement Motivation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine S. Corker ◽  
Brent Donnellan
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Mastery Avoidance ◽  
Approach Goals ◽  
Avoidance Goals ◽  
Lower Limits ◽  
Mastery Approach

Boundary goals specify the minimum performance level that an individual must attain to subjectively experience success. The current research integrates boundary goals into the hierarchical model of achievement motivation (A. Elliot, 2006) by positing that boundary goals are a sub-goal in the goal hierarchy. We predicted that performance approach goals would be associated with higher boundary goals, whereas performance avoidance goals would be associated with lower boundary goals. We further predicted that boundary goals would mediate the association between achievement goals and performance, independent of other target goals (i.e., levels of aspiration). We also evaluated whether boundary goals served a similar role in explaining associations between mastery goals and performance. We tested these predictions by tracking the performance of 347 college students across the semester. As predicted, performance approach goals were positively associated with boundary goals (beta = .32) whereas performance avoidance goals were negatively associated with boundary goals (beta = -.11). Further, we found that mastery approach goals had positive associations with boundary goals (beta = .29) whereas the opposite pattern occurred for mastery avoidance goals (beta = -.25). Boundary goals were positively linked to exam scores (beta = .32) and mediated the associations between performance approach, mastery approach, and mastery avoidance goals and grades. These statistical effects were independent of the effects of level of aspiration. In short, boundary goals seem to play an important role in the achievement motivation process and may therefore serve as a potentially useful focus for interventions.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Achievement Goals, Meta-Cognition And Academic Success In Pakistan

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sarwar ◽  
Muhammad Imran Yousuf ◽  
Shafqat Hussain ◽  
Shumaila Noreen
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Department Of Education ◽  
Performance Goals ◽  
Mastery Goals ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Education Academic ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

The research was the replication of the study done by Coutinho (2006) and it aimed at finding the relationship between achievement goals, meta-cognition and academic success. Achievement goals were further divided into two types: mastery and performance. The participants were 119 students enrolled in M. A. Education, Department of Education at the University of Sargodha. The questionnaire used in the original study, along with Urdu translation, was administered to the participants. The questionnaire consisted of three sections measuring mastery goals, performance goals, and meta-cognition, respectively. The academic achievement record was taken from the Office of Department of Education. Academic achievement was taken as marked and obtained at the Matric, Intermediate, Bachelors, and M.A. levels. It was concluded there is no significant correlation between mastery goals and academic achievement. Similarly, there was no significant correlation between performance goals and academic achievement at Matric, Intermediate and Bachelor levels. However, negative correlation was observed between performance goals and achievement at the masters level. The researchers found no significant relationship between meta-cognition and academic achievement at all levels and there were no significant gender differences in mastery goals, performance goals and meta-cognition.

Predicting school achievement in boys and girls

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Harald Freudenthaler ◽  
Birgit Spinath ◽  
Aljoscha C. Neubauer
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
School Anxiety ◽  
School Attainment ◽  
Work Avoidance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Avoidance Goals

This study investigates the extent to which girls' better school attainment is associated with sex differences in intelligence, personality and school‐related motivation. In a sample of 1353 Austrian pupils (mean age 13.74 years), intelligence, the Big Five of personality, self‐esteem, school anxiety, school‐related intrinsic motivation and achievement goals were assessed as predictors and GPA as achievement criterion. Most predictors yielded significant mean differences between sexes and some of the variables predicted school achievement only for boys or only for girls. Intelligence and self‐esteem were the strongest predictors of GPA for both sexes, and school‐related intrinsic motivation, school anxiety and performance‐avoidance goals explained additional variance in GPA only for boys, whereas work avoidance did so only for girls. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Achievement Motives, Self-Efficacy, Achievement Goals, and Academic Achievement at Multiple Stages of Education: A Longitudinal Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Bjørnebekk ◽  
Åge Diseth ◽  
Robin Ulriksen
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Achievement Level ◽  
Measuring Achievement ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Avoidance Goals

The present study investigated the joint effects of achievement motives, self-efficacy, and achievement goals as predictors of subsequent academic achievement among educational science students. A longitudinal research design allowed for measurement of motivational variables at several stages of education during bachelor courses (subsequent to the introductory courses), firstly by measuring achievement motives, secondly by self-efficacy and achievement goals. Subsequently, students' academic achievement level was measured at four different points in time, until they finished the last course for their bachelor degrees. A multivariate path analysis showed consistent relations between the motivational variables. The motive to avoid failure positively predicted the adoption of avoidance goals (both mastery and performance) and negatively predicted self-efficacy. Academic achievement was mainly predicted by the motive for success and performance-avoidance goals. The path analysis also showed strong relationships between the examination grades at different points in time.

scholarly journals Achievement Goals, Competition Appraisals, and the Psychological and Emotional Welfare of Sport Participants

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Adie ◽  
Joan L. Duda ◽  
Nikos Ntoumanis
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cognitive Appraisals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Sport Competition ◽  
Threat Appraisals ◽  
Challenge And Threat ◽  
And Performance

Grounded in the 2 × 2 achievement goal framework (Elliot & McGregor, 2001), a model was tested examining the hypothesized relationships between approach and avoidance (mastery and performance) goals, challenge and threat appraisals of sport competition, and positive and negative indices of well-being (i.e., self-esteem, positive, and negative affect). A further aim was to determine the degree to which the cognitive appraisals mediated the relationship between the four achievement goals and the indicators of athletes’ welfare. Finally, measurement and structural invariance was tested with respect to gender in the hypothesized model. An alternative model was also estimated specifying self-esteem as an antecedent of the four goals and cognitive appraisals. Four hundred and twenty-four team sport participants (Mage = 24.25) responded to a multisection questionnaire. Structural equation modeling analyses provided support for the hypothesized model only. Challenge and threat appraisals partially mediated the relationships observed between mastery-based goals and the well-being indicators. Lastly, the hypothesized model was found to be invariant across gender.

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