scholarly journals Is a boat bigger than a ship? Null results in the investigation of vowel sound symbolism on size judgments in real language

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Michael Sidhu ◽  
Penny M. Pexman
Keyword(s):  
Judgment Task ◽  
Size Judgment ◽  
Sound Symbolism ◽  
Object Size ◽  
Vowel Sound ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Null Results ◽  
Real Language ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semantic Properties

Sound symbolism is the phenomenon by which certain kinds of phonemes are associated with perceptual and/or semantic properties. In this paper we explored size sound symbolism (i.e., the mil/mal effect) in which high-front vowels (e.g., /i/) show an association with smallness, while low-back vowels (e.g., /ɑ/) show an association with largeness. This has previously been demonstrated with nonwords, but its impact on the processing of real language is unknown. We investigated this using a size judgment task, in which participants classified words for small or large objects, containing a small- or large-associated vowel, based on their size. Words were presented auditorily in Experiment 1 and visually in Experiment 2. We did not observe an effect of vowel congruence (i.e., between object size and the size association of its vowel) in either of the experiments. This suggests that there are limits to the impact of sound symbolism on the processing of real language.

scholarly journals FRI0246 The impact social, labour and psychological of the chronic low back pain

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
FP Torres ◽  
D Ybañez-García ◽  
P Pérez-Caballero ◽  
M Morales ◽  
A Llópis
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Low Back ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Psychosocial Factors in the Development of Low Back Pain Among Professional Drivers

Organizacija ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friderika Kresal ◽  
Tine Bertoncel ◽  
Maja Meško
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Bus Drivers ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Professional Drivers ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and purpose: Professional drivers as a group are exposed to high risk of developing low back pain due to ergonomic factors and work conditions. The purpose of the study was to examine to what extent the low back pain occurs among Slovene professional drivers as a result of the development of various psychosocial factors. Methodology: The study involved 275 respondents (professional bus drivers, car/van drivers, international truck/lorry drivers, and ambulance car drivers). Hypotheses were tested using multivariate statistical method (regression analysis) and analysis of variance. Data were collected by structured questionnaire comprised of three parts: socio-demographic data, basic psychosocial factors causing low back pain, and incidence, duration and severity of low back pain as a result of psychosocial risk factors, was implemented. Results: The results of quantitative survey suggest that low back pain is mostly caused by lifting and carrying heavy loads, inadequate working conditions, poor physical fitness, regular nights out, shift work, and stress. Only the impact of gender on low back pain distress among professional drivers was confirmed, predominantly among bus drivers and lorry drivers on international routes. Low back pain occurrence was less common, albeit not statistically significant, among professional drivers of vans and passenger cars. Conclusion: Our study suggests that psychosocial factors are also important cause for the development of low back pain among professional drivers and can limit the quality of their social and professional lives.

scholarly journals The impact of income support systems on healthcare quality and functional capacity in workers with low back pain: a realist review

Pain ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 161 (12) ◽  
pp. 2690-2709
Author(s):  
Michael Di Donato ◽  
Ross Iles ◽  
Tyler Lane ◽  
Rachelle Buchbinder ◽  
Alex Collie
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Healthcare Quality ◽  
Realist Review ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Income Support ◽  
The Impact

Associations between the severity of disability level and fear of movement and pain beliefs in patients with chronic low back pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 785-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuray Alaca ◽  
Hande Kaba ◽  
Ayce Atalay
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Pain Beliefs ◽  
Fear Of Movement ◽  
Severity Of Disability ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the leading forms of chronic pain and is among the leading causes of pain and disability. In this study, we investigated the associations between the severity of disability and fear of movement and pain beliefs as well as the impact of the fear of movement and pain beliefs on the quality of life in patients with chronic LBP. METHODS: A total of 89 patients (42.29 ± 16.05 years) with chronic low back pain were included in the study. The instruments used in the assessments include the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TKS), the Pain Belief Questionnaire (PBQ), and the SF 36-Short Form. Patients were assigned into three groups by disability severity based on ODI scores. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 15. RESULTS: No statistically significant intergroup differences were found in TKS and PBQ scores (p> 0.05). A positive correlation was found between TKS scores, age (r: 0.227/p< 0.05), PBQ organic (r: -0.250/p< 0.05) scores. CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed high levels of kinesiophobia and similar pain beliefs, independent of the severity level of disability. We believe that cognitive-behavioral therapy that may reduce fear-avoidance behaviors and convert negative pain beliefs into positive ones should be added to rehabilitation procedures for LBP.

scholarly journals Sagittal spinal-pelvic alignment in patients with Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia of the hip

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Ren ◽  
Xiangpeng Kong ◽  
Wei Chai ◽  
Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Developmental Dysplasia ◽  
Sacral Slope ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Sagittal Vertical Axis ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dysplasia Of The Hip

Abstract Background The impact of high dislocated dysplastic hips on spinal-pelvic alignment has not been well described. This study aims to evaluate compensatory spinal radiographic changes and presence of back pain in patients with Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Methods An observational study was conducted from July 2016 to December 2017, and 49 consecutive patients with Crowe IV DDH were enrolled. Forty-nine sex- and age-matched asymptomatic healthy adults were recruited as the controls. The sacral slope (SS), lumbar lordosis (LL), spino-sacral angle (SSA), C7 tilt (C7T), and sagittal vertical axis (SVA [C7]) were measured on lateral whole spine radiographs. The presence of low back pain and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were recorded. Results The patients with Crowe IV DDH showed significantly greater SS (47.5 ± 7.5° vs. 40.4 ± 6.7°, p < 0.05), LL (− 63.7 ± 9.2° vs. − 53.3 ± 11.5°, P < 0.05), SSA (141.8° ± 7.2° vs. 130.6 ± 7.9°, p < 0.05), C7T (93.9 ± 3.6° vs. 91.1 ± 3.7°, P < 0.05), and lower SVA(C7) (− 16 mm[− 95–45] vs. 6.4 mm[− 52–47], p < 0.05) compared to the controls. The patients with bilateral Crowe IV DDH also exhibited larger SS, LL, SSA, and C7T and a smaller SVA (C7) than those with unilateral Crowe IV DDH. Sixty-three percent of the patients with Crowe IV DDH reported low back pain. Conclusion The patients with Crowe IV DDH exhibited abnormal spinal-pelvic alignment characterized by anterior pelvic tilt, lumbar hyperlordosis, and a backward-leaning trunk. Bilateral Crowe IV DDH had a greater impact on spinal-pelvic alignment than unilateral Crowe IV DDH.

scholarly journals The Effect of Comparative FonF Structure on Learning L2 Verb Components

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Gholam Reza Parvizi
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Judgment Task ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perfect Form ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Grammatical Judgment ◽  
L1 And L2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

This study focuses on the impact of the type of form-focused instruction (FFI) on its efficiency in mastering L2forms. The hypothesis that FFI, which induces structural and metalinguistic salience on the basis of contrastiveanalysis of the learner’s L1 and L2, would be particularly effective at facilitating the acquisition of difficult L2 formswas tested in a quasi-experimental study comparing the effectiveness of two types of FFI, one with and one without acontrastive component. The contrastive FFI explicitly drew learners’ attention to the cross-linguistic differences inthe tense-aspect systems of their L2 and L1 while the non-contrastive treatment only focused on the tense-aspectsystem of the L2. The effects of these two types of FFI were assessed by analyzing the learners’ pre-test and post-testperformance on two tasks differing in the extent to which they involve the activation of explicit and implicitlinguistic knowledge: a grammatical judgment task and a controlled translation task. The subjects of the studycomprised of 43 students majoring in English language in the Iranian capital university, Tehran, 22 were selected asfor experimental group and 21 for control group randomly. The results of the study revealed that the quantitativeanalysis of the Grammatical Judgment Test (GJT) data indicated no significant effect of CFFI due to the novelty ofthe translatory technique, or the potential individual differences in the learning orientation of the learners. On thecontrary, the qualitative analysis indicated differential effects of this type of FFI according to the nature of targetform, i.e. CFFI was beneficial in raising the grammatical judgment of Persian Learners of English (PLE) regardingpresent perfect form but not effective in their judgment of ungrammatical progressive forms. In terms of translationtask, the CFFI appeared to be effective in the correct use of the target structures by PLE. This may be mainly due tothe fact that Translation Test (TT) needed explicit knowledge which was presented in CFFI and that translation is acontrastive activity in nature.

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