scholarly journals International Newcomers and their direct, indirect and cumulative effect on Ethnic Residential Segregation: A Dynamic Assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Tapia
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Residential Mobility ◽  
Dynamic Assessment ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Cumulative Effects ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Ethnic Residential Segregation ◽  
Dynamic Perspective

Previous studies show households' selective residential mobility as a principal cause of residential segregation. However, a less studied aspect of residential segregation has been how foreign newcomers affect those mobility patterns and consequently residential segregation trends. This paper extends previous investigations by evaluating the effects of newly arrived immigrants on ethnic residential segregation from a dynamic perspective. Unlike previous studies, this study analyzes newcomers' neighborhood choices together with their direct, indirect, and cumulative effects on segregation. Results show that immigrant settlements not only exacerbate residential segregation by landing in already segregated areas (direct effect) but by triggering segregating promoting movements in households living in destination neighborhoods (undirect effect). Both results contribute to producing a higher level of segregation compared with a situation where newcomers would have been randomly allocated across the residential areas (cumulative effect). These findings highlight the importance of reception strategies in host cities to palliate segregation levels and demonstrates its cumulative effects.

scholarly journals Groups' contribution to shaping ethnic residential segregation: a dynamic approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Tapia
Keyword(s):  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Dynamic Approach ◽  
Group Feedback ◽  
Neighborhood Preferences ◽  
Ethnic Residential Segregation ◽  
Dynamic Perspective ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Composition I

AbstractSome have argued it is possible to infer different groups’ contributions to ethnic residential segregation from their individual neighborhood preferences. From this perspective, natives tend to be more segregation-promoting than non-natives, since they prefer neighborhoods where they are the majority. It remains unclear, however, whether this holds when one evaluates their contributions to segregation within a dynamic perspective. Using register data from Statistics Sweden, I define and model ten different groups’ residential behavior based on their ethnicity and family composition. I thereby simulate the residential mobility of the full population of Stockholm municipality residents from 1998 to 2012. Even though my results at the micro-level are consistent with previous studies, the simulation results show that foreign singles’ mobility patterns are more segregation-promoting than any other groups, since this group shows a greater in-group feedback effect regarding choice of new neighborhoods, an effect that increases their flow from low-to-high segregated neighborhoods progressively. My results suggest that (1) integration initiatives would be more efficient if focused on this particular group and (2) a proper evaluation of micro-behaviors’ implications for macro-patterns of segregation requires a dynamic approach accounting for groups’ heterogeneous behaviors and their main interdependencies on shaping segregation over time.

scholarly journals Racial/Ethnic Residential Segregation and Self-Reported Hypertension Among US- and Foreign-Born Blacks in New York City

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 904-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. White ◽  
L. N. Borrell ◽  
D. W. Wong ◽  
S. Galea ◽  
G. Ogedegbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
York City ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Ethnic Residential Segregation ◽  
Racial Ethnic

scholarly journals Further evidence of a cumulative effect of social disadvantage on risk of psychosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 913-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Stilo ◽  
C. Gayer-Anderson ◽  
S. Beards ◽  
K. Hubbard ◽  
A. Onyejiaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Social Disadvantage ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
Cumulative Effects ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
First Contact

BackgroundA growing body of evidence suggests that indicators of social disadvantage are associated with an increased risk of psychosis. However, only a few studies have specifically looked at cumulative effects and long-term associations. The aims of this study are: To compare the prevalence of specific indicators of social disadvantage at, and prior to, first contact with psychiatric services in patients suffering their first episode of psychosis and in a control sample. To explore long-term associations, cumulative effects, and direction of effects.MethodWe collected information on social disadvantage from 332 patients and from 301 controls recruited from the local population in South London. Three indicators of social disadvantage in childhood and six indicators of social disadvantage in adulthood were analysed.ResultsAcross all the domains considered, cases were more likely to report social disadvantage than were controls. Compared with controls, cases were approximately two times more likely to have had a parent die and approximately three times more likely to have experienced a long-term separation from one parent before the age of 17 years. Cases were also more likely than controls to report two or more indicators of adult social disadvantage, not only at first contact with psychiatric services [odds ratio (OR) 9.5], but also at onset of psychosis (OR 8.5), 1 year pre-onset (OR 4.5), and 5 years pre-onset (OR 2.9).ConclusionsGreater numbers of indicators of current and long-term exposure are associated with progressively greater odds of psychosis. There is some evidence that social disadvantage tends to cluster and accumulate.

scholarly journals Income Mobility and Moving to a Better Neighbourhood: An Enquiry into Ethnic Differences in Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Vaalavuo ◽  
Maarten van Ham ◽  
Timo M Kauppinen
Keyword(s):  
Residential Mobility ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Income Mobility ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Immigrant Background ◽  
Ethnic Residential Segregation ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
Disadvantaged Neighbourhoods

Abstract The spatial concentration of immigrants in disadvantaged neighbourhoods may hinder their opportunities for social and economic integration. It is therefore important that immigrants can translate their available economic resources into mobility to less disadvantaged neighbourhoods. This study adds to existing research on the relationship between socioeconomic and spatial integration by focusing on the effects of income mobility on residential mobility. We analyse intra-urban residential mobility from low-income neighbourhoods into non-low-income neighbourhoods among immigrants and native-born residents in three urban regions in Finland. We use longitudinal register data for the 2004–2014 period for the full population, allowing a dynamic analysis of changes in income and neighbourhood of residence. Based on fixed-effects multinomial logit modelling of residential outcomes, we found that upward income mobility is connected to exit from low-income areas, but the effect is stronger among the native-born Finns than among those with an immigrant background. This stronger effect for natives is in contrast to findings of previous European studies, suggesting that these might have been influenced by unobserved individual-level heterogeneity. Our findings imply that both policies improving labour market opportunities of immigrants and policies reducing constraints for spatial integration are needed if the aim is to decrease ethnic residential segregation.

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