scholarly journals Part-Time Work and Gender Inequality in Europe. A Comparative Analysis of Satisfaction with Work–Life Balance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Beham ◽  
Sonja Drobnič ◽  
Patrick Präg ◽  
Andreas Baierl ◽  
Janin Eckner
Keyword(s):  
Working Hours ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Part Time Work

Part-time work is an increasingly common strategy for handling work and family—but is it an effective strategy everywhere and for everyone? To answer this question, we examine the satisfaction with work–life balance of workers in 22 European countries included in round five of the European Social Survey. Our results show that part-time workers are more satisfied with their work–life balance than full-time workers; the more so, the fewer hours they put in. Yet, we find an important gender difference: Women in marginal part-time work (< 21 hours/week) are more satisfied than men in a similar situation, and conversely men in full-time work are more satisfied than women working full-time. Further, the societal context plays an important role: substantial part-time work (21–34 hours/week) is more conducive to satisfaction with work–life balance in more gender-egalitarian countries than in countries with low gender equality. Hence, a supportive gender climate and institutional support may entice workers to reduce working hours moderately, which results in markedly increased levels of SWLB.

scholarly journals Überstunden, Ausgleichsmöglichkeiten, Gesundheit und Work-Life Balance

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna Brauner ◽  
Anne Marit Wöhrmann ◽  
Nils Backhaus ◽  
Anita Tisch
Keyword(s):  
Working Hours ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Overtime Work ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Negative Relationships

Überstunden sind in Deutschland weit verbreitet. Repräsentative Daten von 7.765 Befragten der BAuA-Arbeitszeitbefragung 2017 zeigen, dass Beschäftigte im Durch-schnitt 3,9 Stunden pro Woche länger arbeiten als vertraglich vereinbart, wobei sich Unterschiede nach Geschlecht, Vollzeittätigkeit, Qualifizierung und Berufen zeigen. Über die Hälfte sind transitorische Überstunden, die durch Freizeit ausgeglichen wer-den. Ein Viertel wird ausbezahlt und jede fünfte Überstunde wird nicht abgegolten. Regressionsanalysen deuten auf einen negativen Zusammenhang von Überstunden mit Gesundheit und Work-Life-Balance hin. Dies gilt sowohl für transitorische Überstunden als auch bei Überstunden ohne Freizeitausgleich, für Teilzeit- und Vollzeitbeschäftigte und unter Kontrolle von Alter, Geschlecht, Bildungs- und Anforderungs-niveau, dem ausgeübten Beruf sowie der vertraglich vereinbarten Arbeitszeit. Overtime is widely spread in Germany. Representative data from 7.765 respondents from the BAuA-Working Time Survey 2017 show that employees work an average of 3.9 hours per week longer than contractually agreed, with differences according to gender, full-time work, qualification levels and occupations. More than half of these are transitory overtime hours, which are compensated by free time. A quarter is paid and every fifth hour of overtime is not compensated. Regression analyses point towards negative relationships with health and work-life balance. This applies to transitory overtime hours as well as for overtime hours without compensatory time off, full time and part time employees, and controlled for age, gender, qualification level, occupations, and contractual working hours. Stratified analyses show some different patterns for employees in night and shift work and for those with mainly private reasons for overtime work.

scholarly journals Part-time work and gender inequality in Europe: a comparative analysis of satisfaction with work–life balance

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Beham ◽  
Sonja Drobnič ◽  
Patrick Präg ◽  
Andreas Baierl ◽  
Janin Eckner
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Part Time Work

scholarly journals Effecten van tijd-ruimtelijke flexibiliteit op de balans tussen werk en privé

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascale Peters ◽  
Laura den Dulk ◽  
Tanja van der Lippe
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
New Employees ◽  
Management By Objectives ◽  
Flexible Working Hours ◽  
Part Time

The Effects of Time-Spatial Flexibility and New Working Conditions on Employees' Work-Life Balance: The Dutch Case The Effects of Time-Spatial Flexibility and New Working Conditions on Employees' Work-Life Balance: The Dutch Case In Dutch organisations, part-time work, flexible working hours and telehomeworking are viewed as solutions to problems employees encounter when they harmonise work and family life. Critics fear, however, that for employees that work under New Working Conditions, characterized by professional job autonomy, team working by project, management by objectives and strict deadlines, time-spatial flexibility may in fact rather enlarge existing combination problems. This paper, therefore, questions whether time-spatial flexibility will lead to a better work-life balance, and if so, does that also hold true for the category of New Employees. Employing data collected in 2003 among 807 Dutch employees it is concluded that time-spatial flexibility indeed affects the work-life balance of workers positively, regardless of them working under New Working Conditions or not. Generally, employees having a smaller part-time job (12-24 contractual working hours per week) experienced a better work-life balance. Especially female workers gained from more control over the temporal location of their work. Telehomeworkers and employees having a larger part-time job (25-35 hours per week) did not experience a better work-life balance. In the concluding section, the results of the study are discussed in the context of contemporary Dutch labour market developments.

Stepping in, stepping out or staying put? Part-time work and immigrant integration in Norway

2019 ◽  
pp. 159-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne Cecilie Kavli ◽  
Roy A. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Immigrant Integration ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Strong Focus ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Risk Event ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Stable Part ◽  
Part Time Work

Migrants are often at a disadvantage in the labour market. Increased migration has therefore led to a strong focus in receiving countries on policy that can facilitate employment. Less attention is paid to working hours, contracts or type of work. The workplace is viewed as an arena where immigrants can improve language skills and establish contacts through which they can achieve upwards mobility in the labour market. We investigate transfers out of part-time work among immigrants and natives in Norway. By means of competing risk event history analyses, we compare transitions from part-time work to either full-time positions or exits from the labour market over five years among Norwegians and different groups of immigrants. Stable part-time is less common among immigrants than among natives, as immigrants have higher transfers to both full-time work and unemployment. Immigrants - men and women - have the same or higher likelihood of transitioning from part-time to full-time compared to natives. This suggest that immigrants are more often involuntarily in part-time and that they benefit from the opportunity to demonstrate their skills to employers. However, immigrants also have higher exit risk and this risk increases with short working hours, indicating a higher level of precariousness.

scholarly journals Working Hour and Intention to Have Children in Hong Kong Full-Time Workers

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Fanny Yuk Fun Young
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Long Working Hours ◽  
Prolonged Fatigue ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Working Hour

This study investigated the working hour, work-life balance and intention to have children of full-time workers in a place without Standard Working Hour legislation and with very low birth rate, Hong Kong. Method used a questionnaire survey with 200 below 35, married, full-time workers. Results showed these workers had longer working hour (49.3 hours/week) than many other places in the World (40 hours/week). Most participants (around 70 percent) reported prolonged fatigue level, sleepiness and extreme tiredness and did not have time staying with their partner and family. The mean intention to have children score was 2.045 out of 5. Correlation analysis was performed between working hour and intention to have children. There exist an inverse relationship between working hour and intention to have children (r= - 0.779). A plotting of the working hour against intention to have children showed some linear relationship between the working hour and intention to have children. Therefore, in general the workers with longer working hour were having lower intention to have children. To conclude, workers in Hong Kong, without Standard Working Hour legislation, had long working hours, poor work-life balance and low intention to have children. 

Study-work-life balance: Challenges for international students

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-233
Author(s):  
Martin Lukas Mahler
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Part Time

The purpose of this article is to explore to what extent international students may be affected by a lack of study/work-life balance or study-work-life balance amongst those who study (full-time) and work part-time. International students tend to face more pressures due to usually lacking a support network, at least for some time once arriving in the host country. Such pressures may be financial or social and may be due to a lack of awareness of host country norms and regulations or due to language barriers. An online survey informed by work-life balance theory was completed by 42 international students. The findings from the analysis of responses were that while most respondents were satisfied with their study-work-life balance, some although managing overall, faced pressures. A key finding was that the students managed due to the student visa condition restricting employment to a maximum of twenty hours per week. This seems to have helped respondents to focus more time on their studies, however, may add to financial pressures or put international students at a disadvantage over their domestic peers in terms of gaining work experience. Further, findings have uncovered that although working while studying provides additional pressures, it creates benefits through the ability to build a support network.

scholarly journals Work–Family Interference: Nurses in Norway and Finland

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bente Abrahamsen ◽  
Kari Anne Holte ◽  
Marjukka Laine
Keyword(s):  
Work And Family ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Work Schedules ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Work Hour ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Family Harmony ◽  
Job Rewards ◽  
Part Time Work

Abstract The aim of the study is to investigate the level of work–family inter-ference (WFI) for part-time nurses in Norway and Finland. Part-time work is usually cited as a desirable way in which to facilitate work and family harmony. However, the opportunity to work part-time in professions may be associated with greater difficulties and challenges than commonly presumed. Part-time professionals are often stigmatized as being less committed to work and report fewer job rewards than colleagues in full-time positions. This study challenges the notion of the desir-able consequences of work hour flexibility concerning the integration of work and family. Part-time nurses in Norway and Finland report an equal level or even higher levels of interference than nurses in full-time positions. A disproportional distri-bution of inconvenient work schedules appears to be a central explanation for the results reported by Norwegian nurses, but to a lesser degree by Finnish nurses.

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