scholarly journals Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Plasma Fibrinogen and Platelet Count

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Narayanrao Gitte
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Two Parameters

Objective: Cigarette smoking is one of the major lifestyle factors influencing the health of human beings. Fibrinogen is the major plasma protein coagulation factor. Higher plasma fibrinogen concentrations are associated with cardiovascular diseases. Material & Methods: One hundred twenty healthy male smokers and one hundred twenty healthy male non-smokers among hospital employees and people from surrounding areas of Narayana Medical College, Nellore (India) were studied. The platelet count was done using Beckman Coulter Automatic Analyzer; AcT 5diffCP.Assay for plasma fibrinogen was performed using turbido-metric immunoassay. Results: The mean plasma fibrinogen concentration for smokers is 3.78 gms/L and for non-smokers 3.02 gms/L. The mean platelet count for smokers is 257325 per mm3 and for non-smokers 215483.3 per mm3. The difference between mean plasma fibrinogen and platelet count of smokers and non-smokers was statistically significant (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Thus we concluded that in smokers plasma fibrinogen concentration and platelet count increase significantly. Regular monitoring of these two parameters in smokers is advised DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v2i3.4261 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2 (2011) 181-184  

Platelet Survival and Platelet Production in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-L. Bergström ◽  
J. Kutti
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Platelet Production ◽  
Platelet Survival ◽  
The Mean

In 16 patients (3 males and 13 females) with SLE platelet survival and platelet production were determined. At the time of study 3 patients received no therapy, 10 were treated with corticosteroids, and the remaining 3 received corticosteroids and azathioprin. The control group consists of 21 healthy male volunteers. In all experiments autologous platelets labelled with 51Cr were employed.The mean peripheral platelet count for the SLE patients was 222,000/μl, range 122,000-347,000/μl. In this group the mean for platelet mean life span (MLS) was 6.8±0,3 (S. E.), range 5.5-9.7 days, and did not differ from the mean for the controls (6.9±0.3 days). In the SLE group the mean platelet turnover was 49,000 ±8,000/μl/day. The corresponding value for the controls was 43,000 ± 3,000/μl/day. The values for platelet MLS and platelet turnover in SLE patients were not related to given therapy.Previously it has been suggested that a state of compensated thrombocytolysis is present i SLE. Our results could, however, not confirm this.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE BLOOD CYTOLOGY OF THE RABBIT

1932 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 841-851
Author(s):  
Albert E. Casey ◽  
Paul D. Rosahn
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Distribution Curve ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Frequency Curve ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Freedom From Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

1. Repeated platelet counts, 991 in number, were made on 148 adult male rabbits of various breeds and types which were specifically selected on the basis of physical fitness and continued freedom from disease. The observations extended over a 2½ year period (1929–32). 2. A unimodal, peaked, moderately asymmetrical distribution curve was obtained and an analysis of the results gave the following values: the mean, 532,645 platelets per c.mm.; the median, 520,604 per c.mm.; the mode, 503,962 platelets per c.mm. respectively. 3. The extent of the variation among the counts is shown by the standard deviation of 124,960. High platelet counts were found to occur more frequently than low counts, a result that is reflected in a significant skew to the right in the frequency curve. 4. It was calculated that in healthy male rabbits a platelet count of less than 220,000 or more than 845,000 per c.mm. should be considered abnormal.

Sulphinpyrazone Reduces Deposition of Fibrin on Dialyser Membranes

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.F. Woods ◽  
Gillian Ash ◽  
M.J. WESTON
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Treatment Period ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Antiplatelet Agent ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Fibrin Deposition ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Residual Blood

Activation of platelets may be responsible for thrombus deposition on dialyser membranes during haemodialysis despite adequate anticoagulation with heparin. This thrombus deposition increases residual blood loss within the dialyser and may impair dialyser efficiency thus limiting the reuse of disposable dialysers. To determine whether the antiplatelet agent sulphinpyrazone reduces such thrombus deposition dialyser 131I-fibrinogen and platelet fibrinogen levels during dialysis were compared in thirteen pairs of dialyses in five patients during a nontreatment control period and while the patients were receiving sulphinpyrazone 200 mg tds. The mean fibrin deposition within the dialysers measured as gram x10-3 of clottable fibrinogen was significantly less during the treatment period (2.5) than during the control period (5.3).Sulphinpyrazone reduced the fall in platelet count during dialysis. Plasma fibrinogen levels during haemodialysis were significantly higher with sulphinpyrazone treatment compared to control dialyses and this difference could not be explained solely by reduction of fibrin deposition on the dialyser membranes. It is probable that sulphinpyrazone reduces fibrinogen consumption within the patient during dialysis as well as within the dialyser membrane itself.

The role of fibrinogen in trauma-induced coagulopathy

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Schlimp ◽  
H. Schöchl
Keyword(s):  
Major Trauma ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Trauma Induced Coagulopathy ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Increased Risk

SummaryFibrinogen plays an essential role in clot formation and stability. Importantly it seems to be the most vulnerable coagulation factor, reaching critical levels earlier than the others during the course of severe injury. A variety of causes of fibrinogen depletion in major trauma have been identified, such as blood loss, dilution, consumption, hyperfibrinolysis, hypothermia and acidosis. Low concentrations of fibrinogen are associated with an increased risk of diffuse microvascular bleeding. Therefore, repeated measurements of plasma fibrinogen concentration are strongly recommended in trauma patients with major bleeding. Recent guidelines recommend maintaining plasma fibrinogen concentration at 1.5–2 g/l in coagulopathic patients. It has been shown that early fibrinogen substitution is associated with improved outcome.

The influence of cigarette smoking on the plasma fibrinogen concentration

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ogston ◽  
N.B. Bennett ◽  
C.M. Ogston
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration

Epistatic and pleiotropic effects of polymorphisms in the fibrinogen and coagulation factor XIII genes on plasma fibrinogen concentration, fibrin gel structure and risk of myocardial infarction

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (03) ◽  
pp. 420-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Eriksson ◽  
Carl-Göran Ericsson ◽  
Anders Hamsten ◽  
Angela Silveira ◽  
Maria Mannila
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Factor Xiii ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Fibrin Clot ◽  
Pleiotropic Effects ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Fibrin Gel ◽  
Coagulation Factor Xiii ◽  
Clot Structure

SummaryAn intricate interplay between the genes encoding fibrinogen gamma (FGG), alpha (FGA) and beta (FGB), coagulation factor XIII (F13A1) and interleukin6 (IL6) and environmental factors is likely to influence plasma fibrinogen concentration, fibrin clot structure and risk of myocardial infarction (MI). In the present study, the potential contribution of SNPs harboured in the fibrinogen, IL6 and F13A1 genes to these biochemical and clinical phenotypes was examined. A database and biobank based on 387 survivors ofa first MI and population-based controls were used. Sixty controls were selected according to FGG 9340T>C [rs1049636] genotype for studies on fibrin clot structure using the liquid permeation method. The multifactor dimensionality reduction method was used for interaction analyses. We here report that the FGA 2224G>A [rs2070011] SNP (9.2%), plasma fibrinogen concentration (13.1%) and age (8.1%) appeared as independent determinants of fibrin gel porosity. The FGA 2224G>A SNP modulated the relation between plasma fibrinogen concentration and fibrin clot porosity. The FGG-FGA*4 haplotype, composed of the minor FGG 9340C and FGA 2224A alleles, had similar effects, supporting its reported protective role in relation to MI. Significant epistasis on plasma fibrinogen concentration was detected between the FGA 2224G>A and F13A1 Val34Leu [rs5985] SNPs (p<0.001).The FGG 9340T>C and FGB 1038G>A [rs1800791] SNPs appeared to interact on MI risk, explaining the association of FGG-FGB haplotypes with MI in the absence of effects of individual SNPs. Thus, epistatic and pleiotropic effects of polymorphisms contribute to the variation in plasma fibrinogen concentration, fibrin clot structure and risk of MI.

Photo-electric Hβ and uvby photometry

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 170-180
Author(s):  
D. L. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Narrow Band ◽  
Line Strength ◽  
Interference Filter ◽  
B Stars ◽  
Relative Line ◽  
The Mean ◽  
F Stars ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Filter Photometry ◽  
The Continuum

Early in the 1950's Strömgren (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) introduced medium to narrow-band interference filter photometry at the McDonald Observatory. He used six interference filters to obtain two parameters of astrophysical interest. These parameters he calledlandc, for line and continuum hydrogen absorption. The first measured empirically the absorption line strength of Hβby means of a filter of half width 35Å centered on Hβand compared to the mean of two filters situated in the continuum near Hβ. The second index measured empirically the Balmer discontinuity by means of a filter situated below the Balmer discontinuity and two above it. He showed that these two indices could accurately predict the spectral type and luminosity of both B stars and A and F stars. He later derived (6) an indexmfrom the same filters. This index was a measure of the relative line blanketing near 4100Å compared to two filters above 4500Å. These three indices confirmed earlier work by many people, including Lindblad and Becker. References to this earlier work and to the systems discussed today can be found in Strömgren's article inBasic Astronomical Data(7).

Fibrin Derivatives, Plasma Hemoglobin and Glomerular Fibrin Deposition in Experimental Intravascular Coagulation

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 363-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. K Beller ◽  
W Theiss
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Consumption Coagulopathy ◽  
Fibrin Deposition ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Plasma Hemoglobin ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Gelation Test

SummaryPlasma fibrinogen, circulating fibrinmonomers (as indicated by a positive ethanol gelation test), fibrinolysis breakdown products and plasma hemoglobin were assayed in 122 rats subjected to endotoxin injection or infusion. The results were correlated with the quantitative measurement of glomerular fibrin deposition. Based on these data four groups were determined : consumption coagulopathy and three stages of increasing severity of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIG).Consumption coagulopathy was defined by a decrease in plasma fibrinogen and a positive ethanol gelation test in the absence of glomerular fibrin deposition. Plasma hemoglobin and fibrinolysis breakdown products were normal or only slightly increased.DIG as characterized by glomerular fibrin deposition was defined as moderate (1 to 20% glomeruli showing fibrin strands), intermediate (21 to 80%), and severe (81 to 100%). Decrease in plasma fibrinogen and frequence of a positive ethanol gelation test in all stages of DIG were only slightly different from the findings in consumption coagulopathy. However, a sharp increase in plasma hemoglobin levels was noted when glomerular fibrin deposition did occur even in small amounts. At this time only a moderate increase was noted in fibrin(ogen) breakdown products. These two parameters increased only slightly in the group of intermediate DIG. Severe DIG was characterized by a massive increase in fibrin (ogen) breakdown products and high levels of plasma hemoglobin.

Some Factors Influencing Metabolism and Distribution of Fibrinogen in Man and Rabbits

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 243-252
Author(s):  
Yi-Hsiang Chen ◽  
E. B Reeve
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Fractional Catabolic Rate ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Catabolic Rate ◽  
Simultaneous Decrease ◽  
Normal Males ◽  
Healthy Females ◽  
Made In

SummaryTo shed some light on the homeostatic regulation of plasma fibrinogen, metabolic studies were made in healthy females, and in normal, thyroidectomized, and thyroxine-treated rabbits. In females, compared with normal males, plasma fibrinogen concentration, plasma and interstitial fibrinogen decreased consequent to an increased fractional catabolic rate and a normal fibrinogen synthesis rate. The interstitial/plasma fibrinogen ratio remained unchanged. In normal rabbits, with increasing body weight fractional catabolic rate and catabolic rate decreased, while fibrinogen concentration and plasma fibrinogen remained constant owing to a simultaneous decrease in fibrinogen synthesis. In addition, fractional transcapillary transfer rate and transcapillary flux also decreased resulting in a shrinkage of interstitial fibrinogen. Thyroidectomy and thyroxine-injection markedly altered fibrinogen metabolism: thyroid hormone accelerated fibrinogen catabolism but also stimulated synthesis. The net result was an increase in plasma fibrinogen and fibrinogen concentration. The interstitial/plasma fibrinogen ratio decreased in thyroxine-treated, and increased in thyroidectomized animals. This study defines the variations of the fibrinogen system parameters in these physiologic and pathologic conditions, and illustrates some patterns of alterations in fibrinogen metabolism.

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