Secondary Metabolites with Cytotoxic Activities from Streptomyces sp. BM-8 Isolated from the Feces of Equusquagga

A new aliphatic acid, compound 1, together with six known metabolites, including nonactic acid (2), homononactic acid (3), ethyl homononactate (4), homononactylhomononactate (5), valinomycin (6), and cyclo-(Pro-Leu) (7), was isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. BM-8, an actinobacterial strain isolated from the feces of Equus quagga. The structures of these compounds were established by analyses of spectroscopic data, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (NMR), as well as by HR-ESI-MS spectrometry and chemical derivative analyses. Additionally, a serial analogue of nonactic acid and homononacticacid (8–21) was synthesized. The cytotoxicity of 1–21 wastested against a panel of cancer cell lines, such as HT-29, MCF-7, A375 and K562, with MTT assay. In addition, the cytotoxicity tests revealed that 1 was less cytotoxic toward a panel of cancerous cells, as compared with valinomycin (6).

Lipomatous Neurofibroma of the Tongue: Report of an Exceptionally Rare Case

Lipomatous neurofibroma is a special subtype of neurofibroma, which includes abundant mature adipoid tissue, and usually presents subcutaneous location. We describe herein an exceptionally rare case of lipomatous neurofibroma of the tongue. The patient was a 46-year-old Japanese female, who had a well demarcated mass lesion of the tongue. The tumor was composed of mature adipoid tissue and haphazardly arranged spindle cells, which lacked cellular atypia and mitotic activity. Also lipoblast-mimicking cells with intracytoplasmic vacuoles were intermingled within the tumor. Immunohistochemical study revealed strong positive reaction for S100 protein in the tumor. While spindle cells were negative for CD34, alpha-smooth muscle actin, neurofilament, Leu-7, glial fibrillary acidic protein, p63, epithelial membrane antigen and cytokeratin AE1/AE3, type IV collagen highlighted delicate fibrillary cytoplasmic process. Although tumor cells were negative for SOX10 as well, positive cells were sporadically identified within the fibrous capsule, which could suggest intraneural occurrence of the tumor.

Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma to Hemangioblastoma in von Hippel-Lindau Disease

A case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to a capillary hemangioblastoma (HAB) of the central nervous system in a 52-year-old woman with von Hippel-Lindau (vHL) syndrome is described. We review the literature on metastatic RCC to HAB, summarize the histologic and immunohistochemical features that can distinguish between the 2 tumors, and comment on the significance of such a finding in terms of the clinical diagnosis of vHL. We found the expression of CAM 5.2, RCC antigen, and CD10 to be strong in RCC and absent in HAB and, conversely, staining with Leu-7, neural cell adhesion molecule, and inhibin-α was present in HAB but weak or absent in RCC. These antibodies can be used to differentiate these entities, provided one is astute in recognizing the possibility of their coexistence.