scholarly journals Problems and Solution to Diagnose Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Central Region of Nepal

Med Phoenix ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
Ravi Shankar Gupta ◽  
Tarannum Khatun ◽  
Akhtar Alam Ansari ◽  
Amrullah Shidiki ◽  
Dipak Bhargava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Retropharyngeal Abscess ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis is high, challenging the clinicians to make correct diagnosis. Microscopy, culture and fine needle aspiration cytology have their limitations in regard to specificity and sensitivity. In this report, polymerase chain reaction is used for detecting and distinguishing Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis. A case of retropharyngeal abscess was selected from which pus was collected which was negative for microscopy and culture in routine microbiology as well as mycobacteriology. Cytopathological examination was also negative. Polymerase chain reaction was applied to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific IS6110 gene. The patients responded with anti-tuberculosis treatment well. Polymerase chain reaction was introduced for diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis since it can be done within hours, monitor therapy and also differentiate Mycobacterium tuberculosis from other Mycobacterial species.MED Phoenix Volume (1), Issue (1) July 2016, page: 41-43

scholarly journals Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex by nested polymerase chain reaction in pulmonary and extrapulmonary specimens

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 711-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Antônia da Cruz Furini ◽  
Heloisa da Silveira Paro Pedro ◽  
Jean Francisco Rodrigues ◽  
Lilian Maria Lapa Montenegro ◽  
Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Target Sequence ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

OBJECTIVE: To compare the performance of nested polymerase chain reaction (NPCR) with that of cultures in the detection of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in pulmonary and extrapulmonary specimens.METHODS: We analyzed 20 and 78 pulmonary and extrapulmonary specimens, respectively, of 67 hospitalized patients suspected of having tuberculosis. An automated microbial system was used for the identification of Mycobacterium spp. cultures, and M. tuberculosis IS6110 was used as the target sequence in the NPCR. The kappa statistic was used in order to assess the level of agreement among the results.RESULTS: Among the 67 patients, 6 and 5, respectively, were diagnosed with pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and the NPCR was positive in all of the cases. Among the 98 clinical specimens, smear microscopy, culture, and NPCR were positive in 6.00%, 8.16%, and 13.26%, respectively. Comparing the results of NPCR with those of cultures (the gold standard), we found that NPCR had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 83%, respectively, in pulmonary specimens, compared with 83% and 96%, respectively, in extrapulmonary specimens, with good concordance between the tests (kappa, 0.50 and 0.6867, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: Although NPCR proved to be a very useful tool for the detection of M. tuberculosis complex, clinical, epidemiological, and other laboratory data should also be considered in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Assessment of tubercle bacilli in various organs by staining and polymerase chain reaction technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1331
Author(s):  
Minali Raja ◽  
Tanvi .
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
One Year

Background: Early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) by different clinical methods plays a major role in control of TB in early stages. The present study was done with the aim to assess and compare the efficiency of staining techniques and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of tubercle bacilli in various organs.Methods: The study included data 14,472 patients of both prospective (during March 2008 to 2009) and retrospective cases (past one year of the study period). For prospective cases the cytological material for the study was collected by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). For retrospective cases of past one year were retrieved from the records. TB suspected cases were evaluated by Ziel-Nelson (ZN), Auramine-Rhodamine (A-R) staining techniques and by PCR.Results: Total 284 cases were diagnosed with TB in various organs. In them, epithelioid granuloma was seen 227 cases (79.92%) and Langhans giant cells were seen in 18 cases (6.34%). AFB positivity on ZN staining was observed in 161 cases (56.69%) and 9 cases (3.16%) showed positivity for tubercle bacilli on A-R staining. PCR was done in 20 prospective cases and total percentage of positivity by PCR was seen in 18 cases (90%).Conclusions: The total percentage positivity for detection of tubercule bacilli by PCR assay was found to be more (90%) with high sensitivity and specificity compared to ZN (56.6%) and AR staining techniques (3.16%).

scholarly journals Evaluation of polymerase chain reaction in space-occupying lesions of liver reported as granulomatous inflammation/tuberculosis on fine-needle aspiration cytology

CytoJournal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kusum Sharma ◽  
Nalini Gupta ◽  
Kapil Goyal ◽  
Ajay Kumar Duseja ◽  
Aman Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Insertion Element ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Granulomatous Lesions ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

Background: Tubercular involvement of the liver is uncommon, but is a serious consideration in differential diagnosis of granulomatous conditions, especially in endemic regions like India. Objective: To assess the role of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) done on archival cytological material in diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) in cases reported as granulomatous inflammation/TB in liver lesions. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study including a total of 17 cases of liver space-occupying lesions (SOLs) reported as granulomatous inflammation (n = 12) and TB (n = 5). The smears were retrieved from the archives of the department and were reviewed for the cytomorphologic features. Air-dried smears stained with May–Grünwald–Giemsa (MGG) stain were assessed for the representative material in the form of epithelioid granulomas and giant cells. One/two MGG smears from each case were destained and the material was used for performing PCR for Mycobacterium tuberculosis by amplification of 123 bp fragment of the IS6110 insertion element. Results: The age of the patients ranged from 3 to 61 years. There were 12 females and 5 males. The patients presented with solitary/multiple liver SOLs. DNA could be extracted from 10/17 cases from archival MGG smears. PCR positivity was noted in 8/10 cases (including four acid-fast bacilli smear-positive cases), confirming a diagnosis of TB. Conclusion: Cytomorphology alone may not be sufficient for differentiating various granulomatous lesions reported in liver SOLs. DNA can be extracted from the archival cytological MGG-stained smears. PCR should be carried out if Ziehl–Neelsen staining is negative in granulomatous lesions, especially when material has not been submitted for culture.

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