Trans-perineal Prostate Biopsy under Trans-rectal Ultrasound Guidance

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Hui Xu ◽  
Nirmal Lamichhane
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Ultrasound Guidance ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Rectal Biopsy ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Western World ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
False Negative Results

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in males in the western world and is an emerging malignancy in eastern world as well. It is less invasive and easily curable in early stages. It requires efficient and accurate diagnosis strategy to detect it early. To date, the standard diagnosis procedure involves a blind biopsy with a high rate of false negative results. Trans-perineal prostate biopsy is re-emerging after decades of being an underused alternative to trans-rectal biopsy guided by trans-rectal ultrasonography. In order to overcome these limitations, the paper proposes the method and advantages of trans-perineal prostate biopsy.  

A New Simplified Technique for Pediatric Anorectal Manometry

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-245
Author(s):  
Allan J. Rosenberg ◽  
A. Richard Vela
Keyword(s):  
Anal Sphincter ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Internal Sphincter ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Rectal Biopsy ◽  
Rectal Balloon ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Balloon Distension ◽  
False Negative Results

Using a new simple technique that is well tolerated and rapid for assessing anal sphincter functions in pediatric patients with fecal incontinence and constipation, 86 patients with varying degrees of anorectal dysfunction were tested. A microtip pressure transducer was used for recording anal sphincter responses to rectal balloon distension. Results were obtained within 15 to 30 minutes. In 17 patients, the internal anal sphincter showed no response or positive spike to balloon distension, consistent with the manometric diagnosis of aganglionic megacolon. These findings were confirmed by absence of ganglion cells on rectal biopsy. Sixty-nine children had normal internal sphincter relaxation to rectal distension. Ganglion cells were present in nine biopsy specimens. In the remaining 60 patients, no further workup of aganglionosis was necessary. There were no falsepositive or false-negative results. This technique has proved to be effective for initial evaluation of infants and children with constipation and encopresis.

scholarly journals Development of a parallel robotic system for transperineal biopsy of the prostate

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doina Pisla ◽  
Paul Tucan ◽  
Bogdan Gherman ◽  
Nicolae Crisan ◽  
Iulia Andras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Robotic System ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Tissue Sampling ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Transperineal Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Transperineal Biopsy

Abstract. Prostate cancer is the second deadliest form of cancer, even though it is less invasive and easily curable in early stages, due to the lack of an efficient and accurate diagnosis strategy. To date, the standard diagnosis procedure involves a blind biopsy with a high rate of false negative results. In order to overcome these limitations, the paper proposes the development of a novel parallel robotic structure for transperineal prostate biopsy that enables an accurate diagnosis through ultrasound-guided targeted tissue sampling. The robotic system consists of two parallel modules, each with 5 degrees of freedom (DOFs): one module guiding the transrectal ultrasound probe (TRUS) and the other guiding the biopsy gun. The two modules are designed to work together in order to help the physician with the tissue sampling of the prostate. The singular configurations of both robotic modules are analyzed and solutions for avoiding them are provided. The experimental model of the robotic structure is described along with the initial test results, which evaluate the robot accuracy for several medically relevant sets of coordinates.

High Incidence of Significant Urinary Ascorbic Acid Concentrations in a West Coast Population—Implications for Routine Urinalysis

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
M L Brigden ◽  
D Edgell ◽  
M McPherson ◽  
A Leadbeater ◽  
G Hoag
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
False Negative ◽  
High Rate ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Glucose Testing ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Examination of 4379 routine urinalysis specimens with dipsticks sensitive to ascorbic acid showed that 22.8% were positive specimens. The mean urinary vitamin C concentration in this population was 2120 mumol/L. There was a high rate of false-negative dipstick results for hemoglobin in patients with vitamin C in the urine. The highest false-negative rates were observed in urine samples containing less than 50 erythrocytes per high-power field. In further experiments when volunteers consumed supplemental oral USP vitamin C at doses of 100, 250, 500, and 1000 mg or vitamin C-containing fruit juices, even the lowest doses of oral vitamin C or juice resulted in sufficient urinary vitamin C to produce false-negative dipstick results in hemoglobin and glucose testing. To prevent potentially dangerous false-negative results, screening urinalysis protocols relying only on dipstick testing should include a check for urinary vitamin C or use a dipstick that is not subject to vitamin C interference.

scholarly journals Influence of canine brain decomposition on laboratory diagnosis of rabies

1999 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avelino Albas ◽  
Clara Izabel de Lucca Ferrari ◽  
Luzia Helena Queiroz da Silva ◽  
Fernanda Bernardi ◽  
Fumio Honma Ito
Keyword(s):  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Intracerebral Inoculation ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Canine Brain ◽  
False Negative Results

Canine brains infected with rabies virus were submitted to decomposition by being left at room temperature of 25 to 29oC for up to 168h. At 24h intervals, brain fragments were analyzed by immunofluorescence (IF) and by the mouse intracerebral inoculation (MI) test to confirm the diagnosis of rabies and to measure the putrefaction effect on the accuracy of the diagnosis. Forty eight h after the beginning of the experiment, the MI test showed signs of impairment with four negative results, while after 72h, 100% of the results were negative to the MI test and only one result was negative to the IF test, indicating that the threshold period for accurate diagnosis is 24 to 48h before putrefaction. The authors recommend the shipment of suspected cases of rabies to the laboratory for confirmation, but the use of putrid materials for diagnosis is meaningless because of false-negative results.

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