scholarly journals Ultrasound fetal biometry in third trimester in urban Nepalese population

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Bhuwan Kayastha ◽  
Shahjan Raj Giri ◽  
Bibek Gurung ◽  
Om Biju Panta
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
Study Patient ◽  
Fetal Biometry ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Gestation Age ◽  
Term Delivery ◽  
Gestational Age At Birth

INTRODUCTION: Fetal biometry is an important component of fetal growth surveillance and can detect small for gestation age fetuses. However, we use growth curves from studies done in other high-income countries and do not have a standard of our own. This study aims to study the deviation of biometry and expected fetal weight from these curves in pregnancy with normal birth weight term deliveries. METHODS: The study was a retrospective hospital record-based study including term delivery from 2018 May to 2020 January. All lowrisk patients visiting ultrasound OPD in our hospital in 3rd trimester were retrieved and included in the study. Patient with low AFI, major fetal anomaly, abnormal fetal heart rate, preterm delivery, birth weight less than 2500 gm (low birth weight), intrauterine fetal demise, preeclampsia or other complications were excluded from the study. Fetal biometry and expected fetal weight were evaluated. Data was entered in predesigned performa and analysis was performed with IBM SPSS 20.0. RESULTS: A total of 590 ultrasound examinations done in 372 patients were included in the study. Mean age of the patients was 30.78+/-3.98 years, median age was 30 years (IQ range-5). Approximately 316(53.6%) patients were under 30 years of age, 198(33.6%) patients were between 30-35 and 76(12.9%) patients were above 35 years. Median gestational age at birth was 39 weeks and median birth weight was 3120 grams. Median and percentile for various biometry was calculated. EFW was below 50th percentile in 424(71.9%) according to WHO chart. The median percentile for EFW was 30.6 (IQ-33.6). CONCLUSION: Expected fetal weight in Nepalese population is smaller than that predicted by WHO chart. Development of country specific fetal growth curve is recommended for accurate fetal growth surveillance.  

scholarly journals INTEGRATION OF FETAL MID THIGH SOFT TISSUE THICKNESS IN ULTRASOUND BIRTH WEIGHT ESTIMATION FORMULA INCREASES THE ACCURACY OF FETAL WEIGHT ESTIMATION NEAR TERM

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Shripad Hebbar ◽  
Sukriti Malaviya ◽  
Sunanda Bharatnur
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Weight Estimation ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Fetal Biometry ◽  
Fetal Weight Estimation ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness

Objective: The objective of the study was to find whether incorporation of MTSTT in fetal weight estimation formulae which are traditionally based on biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL) improves birth weight (BW) estimation. Methods: In a prospective observational study, MTSTT was measured within 1 week of delivery in 100 women with term singleton pregnancy along with other standard biometric parameters, i.e. BPD, HC, AC and FL, and MTSTT. Multiple regression analysis was carried out using PHOEBE regression software using different combinations of biometric variables to find out the best fit model of fetal weight estimation. The predicted BW was compared with actual neonatal BW soon after delivery and regression coefficients (R2) were determined for each of prediction models for comparing the accuracies. Results: Mean gestational age at delivery was 38.4±1.08 weeks and the BW of neonates varied between 2.18 kg and 4.38 kg (mean ± standard deviation: 3.07±0.43 kg). By adding MTSTT to BPD, HC, AC, and FL, we obtained the formula Log 10 (BW) = −0.14783+0.00725 *BPD +0.00043 *HC +0.00436 *AC +0.01942 *FL +0.16299 *MTSTT, which had a very good Pearson regression coefficient ((r2: 0.89 p<0.001) compared to conventional models based on standard fetal biometry. All prediction models had better strength of correlation when combined with MTSTT (p<0.001). The routine four parameter formula could identify 45% and 80% of fetuses within 5% and 10% weight range; pick up rate was further increased to 61% and 95% by addition of MTSTT. Conclusion: It is evident that addition of MTSTT to other biometric variables in models of fetal weight estimation improves neonatal BW prediction (r2=0.89).

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Ultrasonographic Fetal Weight Estimation Accuracy in Low Birth Weight Newborns

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevin Tuten ◽  
Onur Guralp ◽  
Koray Gok ◽  
Abdullah Tuten ◽  
Altay Gezer
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Weight Estimation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fetal Weight Estimation ◽  
Gestational Age At Birth ◽  
Age At Birth

Objective: To investigate the accuracy of fetal weight estimation made by the last prenatal ultrasound measurement in low birth weight newborns (<2500 g). Study Design: A total of 1082 women were evaluated in this retrospective cohort study. Demographic and clinical information of the mother and newborn and obstetric ultrasonography measurements and findings performed in the last week before birth were recorded. Accuracy of fetal weight estimation and parameters affecting it was investigated. Results: Accurate estimation rates were lower in the term compared to the preterm delivery group; and in the SGA group compared to the AGA group (respectively, p=0.016, p=0.032). Accurate estimation rates (p=0.182) were comparable between the 500-1500 g and 1501-2500 g subgroups. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that gestational age at birth, birth weight, examination during labor, and duration between examination to delivery were statistically significant for the accurate estimation(p=0.001) Conclusions: Accurate estimation rates were lower in the term compared to the preterm delivery group, and in the SGA group compared to the AGA group. The factors affecting accurate estimation were found to be gestational age at birth, birth weight, examination during labor, and duration between examination to delivery.Keywords: Accurate estimation rate, Duration between examination to delivery, Examination during

scholarly journals A prospective study on HbA1c levels in patients without GDM and its correlation with pregnancy outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
Ushadevi Gopalan ◽  
Rinda Naidu Kanukolanu ◽  
Balaji Rajagopalan
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Term Delivery ◽  
Foetal Outcome ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Nicu Admission ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Pregnancy is a diabetogenic state which places the mother as well as the foetus at high risk for certain complications even though the woman is neither GDM nor overt diabetic. This study aims at estimation of HbA1c value after 24 weeks of pregnancy and its correlation with the pregnancy outcome.The study was done among 60 healthy pregnant women who are between 18-35 years. HbA1c was estimated and they were followed up for assessing pregnancy outcome. Birth weight &#62;90 percentile, primary C-section, neonatal hypoglycaemia, any NICU admissions and neonate’s condition at discharge were assessed. The mean of haemoglobin, OGTT (fasting, 1-hour and 2-hours) and HbA1c were 11.25mg/dL, 81.73mg/dL, 120.75mg/dL, 104.13mg/dL and 5.24% respectively. The trimester specific HbA1c levels in the second and third trimesters in the present study were found to be 5.11% and 5.27% respectively. Among the study subjects 51 (85%) women had term delivery whereas 9 (15%) women had preterm delivery. 42 women (70%) had normal delivery, 1(1.7%) patient had operative vaginal and the remaining 17(28.3%) patients had emergency caesarean section. It was observed that 5(8.3%) subjects had LBW and 55(91.7%) had normal birth weight neonates. Two neonates among the study subjects had NICU admission for other reasons. The results obtained by this study showed low or no significant relationship between HbA1c levels estimation during pregnancy and pregnancy as well as foetal outcome, also adverse pregnancy outcomes have multifactorial influences rather than maternal glycaemic status alone.

scholarly journals Augmented uterine artery blood flow and oxygen delivery protect Andeans from altitude-associated reductions in fetal growth

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (5) ◽  
pp. R1564-R1575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen Glyde Julian ◽  
Megan J. Wilson ◽  
Miriam Lopez ◽  
Henry Yamashiro ◽  
Wilma Tellez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Fetal Head ◽  
Fetal Biometry ◽  
Fetal Size ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
European Women

The effect of high altitude on reducing birth weight is markedly less in populations of high- (e.g., Andeans) relative to low-altitude origin (e.g., Europeans). Uterine artery (UA) blood flow is greater during pregnancy in Andeans than Europeans at high altitude; however, it is not clear whether such blood flow differences play a causal role in ancestry-associated variations in fetal growth. We tested the hypothesis that greater UA blood flow contributes to the protection of fetal growth afforded by Andean ancestry by comparing UA blood flow and fetal growth throughout pregnancy in 137 Andean or European residents of low (400 m; European n = 28, Andean n = 23) or high (3,100–4,100 m; European n = 51, Andean n = 35) altitude in Bolivia. Blood flow and fetal biometry were assessed by Doppler ultrasound, and maternal ancestry was confirmed, using a panel of 100 ancestry-informative genetic markers (AIMs). At low altitude, there were no ancestry-related differences in the pregnancy-associated rise in UA blood flow, fetal biometry, or birth weight. At high altitude, Andean infants weighed 253 g more than European infants after controlling for gestational age and other known influences. UA blood flow and O2delivery were twofold greater at 20 wk in Andean than European women at high altitude, and were paralleled by greater fetal size. Moreover, variation in the proportion of Indigenous American ancestry among individual women was positively associated with UA diameter, blood flow, O2delivery, and fetal head circumference. We concluded that greater UA blood flow protects against hypoxia-associated reductions in fetal growth, consistent with the hypothesis that genetic factors enabled Andeans to achieve a greater pregnancy-associated rise in UA blood flow and O2delivery than European women at high altitude.

scholarly journals Accuracy of prediction of birth weight by fetal ultrasound

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-238
Author(s):  
J Bajracharya ◽  
NS Shrestha ◽  
C Karki
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
Weight Estimation ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Fetal Ultrasound ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Fetal Biometry ◽  
Ultrasound Findings ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction ◽  
Obstetrical Management

Introduction: Estimation of accurate fetal weight is essential in obstetrical management and we aim to see the accuracy of fetal ultrasound in estimating birth weight in our setting. Method: 150 women with full term singleton pregnancy leading to live birth were included in the study. Prenatal fetal ultrasound database was reviewed for the fetal biometry and fetal weight estimation and delivery records were reviewed for actual birth weight. Error in estimation was calculated.Result: The study showed that fetal ultrasound using Hadlock.s formula has error in estimation of fetal weight by about 290 gm ± 250 gm. In 40% of the cases, there is an error of estimation by more than 10% compared to actual weight. Conclusion: There is a significant error in the estimation of the fetal weight. Depending only on the fetal ultrasound for the estimation of fetal weight can lead to unnecessary obstetrical intervention. It is necessary to correlate the ultrasound findings with clinical examination.Health Renaissance; September-December 2012; Vol 10 (No.3);236-238DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v10i3.7053

scholarly journals Establishment of a personalized fetal growth curve model

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 311-317
Author(s):  
Xinyu Bao ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Song Zhang ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Guoli Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
Growth Curve Model ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Normal Term ◽  
Curve Model ◽  
Gestational Week

BACKGROUND: Fetal weight is one of the important indicators for judging whether fetal growth and development are normal. Fetal weight exceeding the normal range may lead to poor delivery outcomes. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to establish a personalized fetal growth curve in order to effectively monitor fetal growth during pregnancy. Fetal weight can be monitored while fetal growth and development are assessed. METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed the birth weight and ultrasound database of 3,093 newborns delivered at normal term. The personalized fetal growth curve model was generated based on the birth weight formula established by Gardosi combined with the proportional weight equation. RESULTS: (1) The average birth weight of the single fetus at normal term was 3,457g. (2) According to the regression results of the proportion of fetal weight in full-term pregnancy and gestational week, the proportional weight equation is Weight% = 500.9 - 51.60GA + 1.727GA2- 0.01718GA3 (GA is gestational week), R2 is 98%, P< 0.001. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the normal birth weight of newborns and normal range of fetal weight can be estimated by using the personalized fetal growth curve model.

scholarly journals Differences of the Insulin and Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Between Normal Born Weight Baby and Baby With Intrauterine Growth Restriction

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Tiyan Febriyani lestari ◽  
Yusrawati Yusrawati ◽  
Arni Amir
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Normal Birth

Background: Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), is a condition in which the fetal growth rate is less than 10 percentiles. Fetal growth is affected by maternal health and nutrition, the hormone insulin and placenta. Placental development is influenced by the Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF). Insulin deficiency and BDNF can interfere with fetal development.Method: This study used an observational research method, with a comparative cross sectional design. The place of research was conducted at Bayangkara Hospital, Dr. Rasidin, TK.III Reksodiwiryo Hospital, and Biomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University. Research time starts from October 2017 to January 2018. The sample of this study was 25 normal babies and 25 babies with IUGR. Insulin levels and BDNF were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Test the normality of the data using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Statistical analysis using independent t test.Results: Insulin levels of 13.2 ± 1.7 mIU / L in infants with normal birth weight and 8.5 ± 1.7 mIU / L in infants born with IUGR (p = 0.000) and BDNF levels 1.5 ± 0.2 ng / ml for infants with normal birth weight and 1.4 ± 0.3 ng / ml in infants born with IUGR (p = 0.008).Conclusion Insulin levels and BDNF levels of normal birth weight babies are higher than babies born with IUGR.

101 PLACENTAL DEVELOPMENT IN A BOVINE HETEROSIS MODEL

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Fitzsimmons ◽  
Z. Kruk ◽  
D. Lines ◽  
C. Roberts ◽  
S. Hiendleder
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Reciprocal Cross ◽  
Allantoic Fluid ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Hybrid Vigor ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
Placental Development

Heterosis or hybrid vigor is a biological phenomenon referring to the phenotypic superiority of hybrids over their parents. Despite its economic importance, the mechanisms of heterosis are still poorly understood. Reciprocal cross Brahman (B) � Angus (A) calves display significant heterosis in birth weight, but this effect is almost entirely due to the dramatic fetal overgrowth observed in Brahman male � Angus female offspring. The reciprocal is much less affected and similar to purebred Brahman calves (Brown et al. 1993 J. Anim. Sci. 71, 3273–3279). We have generated a defined A � A (n = 20), B � A (n = 21), A � B (n = 13), and B � B (n = 15; male parent listed first) day 153 (term = 280) fetal/placental resource from artificially inseminated, estrous cycle synchronized heifers to identify components and mechanisms of heterotic fetal growth regulation. An ANOVA showed that full uterus weight (P < 0.001), fetal weight (P = 0.01), umbilical cord length (P = 0.003) and weight (P = 0.04), placenta fetalis weight (P < 0.001), total caruncle weight (P = 0.002), empty uterus weight (P < 0.001), and combined amniotic/allantoic fluid weight (P < 0.001) were significantly affected by the 4 genetic groups after adjustment for fetal sex and dam weight where required. The weight of reciprocal hybrid fetuses was intermediate to the purebred fetuses and thus did not display heterosis defined as the difference between reciprocal cross and parental means. Full uterus weight and combined amniotic/allantoic fluid weight, in contrast, displayed heterosis of 6.6% (P = 0.02) and 9.0% (P = 0.01). As in neonate calves, the heterosis effects were due to the B � A group. The t-tests demonstrated that full uterus weight in B � A was significantly greater (19.84 � 0.43 kg) than in A � B (16.23 � 0.47 kg; P < 0.001), A � A (17.41 � 0.35 kg; P < 0.001), and B � B (16.76 � 0.49 kg; P = 0.001) crosses. Combined amniotic/allantoic fluids were 12.58 � 0.31 kg in B � A as compared to 10.93 � 0.39 kg in A � B (P = 0.001), 10.75 � 0.29 kg in A � A (P < 0.001), and 11.48 � 0.36 kg in B � B (P = 0.02) crosses. We found similar superiority of the B � A group for parameters that did not fulfil the formal heterosis criterion. These include umbilical cord, placenta fetalis, empty uterus, and total caruncle weights. All but 1 of these (combined amniotic/allantoic fluid weight) were significantly correlated (r = 0.43–0.70; P < 0.001) with fetal weight. We conclude that massive changes in placental parameters underly and precede the heterosis effects in birth weight observed in Brahman � Angus crosses. Although formally designated heterosis, placental and fetal overgrowth is present in only 1 of the hybrids (B � A). This natural overgrowth phenotype is clearly distinct from the early onset overgrowth phenotypes observed after IVF and nuclear transfer cloning (Hiendleder et al. 2004 Biol. Reprod. 71, 217–223) and will be useful in the dissection of factors contributing to fetal growth and development.

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